LIBRARY 

OF    THE 

UNIVERSITY  OF  CALIFORNIA. 
Class 

GENERAL 


CAPTAIN  HIRAM  PUTNAM. 


A  HISTORY 


OF    THE 


SCHOOLS  or  SYRACUSE 


FROM  ITS  EARLY   SETTLEMENT 


TO 


JANUARY    1,    1893. 


BY 


EDWARD   SMITH 


SYRACUSE,     K.     Y. 

C.  W.  BARDEEN,    PUBLISHER 

1893 


Copyright,  1893,  by  EDWARD  SMITH 


GENERAL 


CONTENTS 


E  R  R  A  T  A 


Pniri1  11,  5th  line,  for  recovered,  read  received. 

Page  13,  4th  line,  for  Urice,  read  Unco. 

Page  16,  last  line,  for  Mr.  May,  read  Mr.  Mayo. 

Page  24,  line  13,  for  Farmton,  read  Taunton. 

Page  194,  7th  line  from  the  bottom,  for  11,857.91,  read  104,- 
868.33. 

Page  257,  line  14,  for  Oumx  WELCH,  read  WILLIAM  A.  DUN- 
CAN, who  was  president  of  the  Board  that  year,  and  whose  name 
should  have  been  printed  in  small  caps,  instead  of  Mr.  Welch's. 

Page  262,  line  14,  for  1874-75  .2,  read  1874  •  !• 
line  15,  for  1876  .1,  read  1875-76.  .2. 

Page  321,  bottom  line,  for  Mich.  Vol.  Inf.,  read  Mich.  22d  Vol. 
Inf. 


FINANCIAL  STATEMENT 266 

ALPHABETICAL  LIST  OP  TEACHERS 269 

APPENDIX 
BIOGRAPHICAL  SKETCHES 291 

GRADUATES  OP  THE  SYRACUSE  HIGH  SCHOOL 324 

(v) 


114937 


CONTENTS 


CHAPTER  I 

EARLY  BEGINNINGS 9 

CHAPTER  II 
UNDER  CITY  CHARTER— FIRST  DECADE,  1848-57 42 

CHAPTER  III 

SECOND  DECADE,  1858-67 103 

CHAPTER  IV 
THIRD  DECADE,  1868-77 135 

CHAPTER  V 
FOURTH  DECADE,  1878-87 168 

CHAPTER  VI 

BEGINNING  OF  FIFTH  DECADE,  1888-92 221 

THE  CENTRAL  LIBRARY _ . 240 

CHAPTER  VII 

ORGANIZATIONS  OF  BOARDS  OF  EDUCATION 247 

PRESIDENTS  OF  THE  BOARD - 262 

SUPERINTENDENTS  OF  SCHOOLS  AND  CLERKS .263 

ERECTION,  ENLARGEMENT  AND  RE-BUILDING  OF  SCHOOL- 
HOUSES —  265 

STATISTICAL  TABLE - - 266 

FINANCIAL  STATEMENT -  -  - 266 

ALPHABETICAL  LIST  OF  TEACHERS 269 

APPENDIX 
BIOGRAPHICAL  SKETCHES 291 

GRADUATES  OF  THE  SYRACUSE  HIGH  SCHOOL 324 

(v) 


114937 


PORTRAITS 


Hiram  Putnam.    Frontispiece,  2 
Albert  G.  Salisbury,  19 
Mrs.  A.  G.  Salisbury,  20 
Jennie  E.  White,  25 
Ebenezer  Butler,  33 
George  L.  Farnham,  40 
William  W.  Newman,  55 
Charles  A.  Wheaton,  67 
Edward  A.  Sheldon,  69 
Silas  Betts  and  wife,  72 
Charles  O.  Roundy,  76 
Mortimer  L.  Brown,  81 
Ansel  E.  Kinne,  86 
Daniel  Losey,  89 
Edward  Smith,  97 
Samuel  J.  May,  105 
John  J.  Peck,  108 
Marion  Bushnell,  121 
Mrs.  Lucy  M.  Brand,  124 
John  H.  French,  126 
Charles  E.  Stevens,  128 
Mrs.  W.  W.  Newman,  134 
Robert  Bruce  White,  139 
Nathaniel  B.  Smith,  141 
Orrin  C.  Hinman,  143 
Walter  A.  Brownell,  144 
Wheaton  A  Welch,  147 
Orrin  Welch,  152 
William  A.  Duncan,  159 
A.  Burr  Blodgett,  163 
Francis  W.  Parker,  167 
Edward  E.  Chapman,  168 
Charles  E.  Wells,  172 
Lucy  A.  Adams,  173 
Ezekiel  W.  Mundy,  176 
William  B.  Harlow,  177 
John  D.  Wilson,  179 
II.  E.  Barrett,  180 
Hiram  R.  Olmsted,  182 
Darwin  L.  Pickard,  185 
Mrs.  Libbie  Palmer  Brown,  187 
William  Brown  Smith,  190 


Mrs.  L.  L.  Goodrich,  195 
Mary  L.  Ford,  198 
Michael  Maioney,  200 
Mrs.  Kate  Cullen,  205 
Charles  E.  White,  211 
Frederick  A.  Lyman,  212 
William  H.  Scott,  214 
John  Q.  Adams,  215 
Bruce  M.  Watson,  218 
Alexander  Von  Landberg,  220 
William  K.  Wickes,  222 
George  A.  Lewis,  223 
William  H.  Warner,  226 
William  Spaulding,  231 
Emma  J.  Asbrand,  233 
Edward  C.  Wright,  234 
Amelia  Weiskotten,  235 
Mary  Lounsbury,  236 
Giles  H.  Stilwell,  248 
Patrick  J.  Cody,  250 
Frank  Hopkins,  250 
John  J.  Keefe,  250 
Patrick  R.  Kieley,  250 
LeRoy  Morgan,  252 
James  McAllister,  254 
John  A.  Mackay,  254 
James  H.  Meagher,  254 
John  J.  Moore,  254 
Geoge  A.  Sawyer,  256 
Warren  D.  Tallman,  256 
Leonard  A.  Saxer,  256 
Irvin  K.  Webb,  256 
Charles  F.  Wisehoon,  Jr.,  258 
Samantha  Lincoln,  268 
Mrs.  L.  E.  Thomas,  268 
Eliza  G.  Chapman,  268 
Mrs.  Mary  A.  Van  Antwerp,  2 
Laura  M.  Geary,  270 
Abbie  Isaacs,  270 
Harriet  E.  Abbott,  270 
Mary  W.  Flanagan,  270 

(vi) 


VIEWS  OF  BUILDINGS 


.  Page 

Schoolhouse,  District  No.  8 12 

First  schoolhouse  in  Syracuse 15 

Interior  plan  of  first  schoolhouse -  -  16 

Porter  School - 23 

Frazer  School 27 

Rock  School -     -  28 

Old  Brighton  School 30 

New  Brighton  School  (in  place  of  old  Brighton  school)  .....  31 

Rose  School - -  35 

Jefferson  School -  -  50 

Salina  School  (in  place  of  Nos.  1,  2  and  8) 107 

Lodi  School Ill 

Genesee  School  (in  place  of  No.  4) .115 

Bassett  School 122 

High  School 133 

May  School 137 

Madison  School  (in  place  of  Lodi) . .  149 

Old  Grace  School 1 55 

Adams  School 1 57 

Old  Montgomery  School 1 70 

Prescott  School  (in  place  of  No.  5) 174 

Townsend  School 1 83 

Seymour  School 1 88 

Clinton  School 190 

New  Putnam  School  (in  place  of  No  7) 206 

Gere  School 208 

Vine  School 209 

Merrick  School 217 

Delaware  School  (in  place  of  Rock) 229 

New  Grace  School  (in  place  of  old  Grace) 238 

New  Montgomery  School  (in  place  of  old  Montgomery) 239 

(vii; 


BIOGRAPHICAL  SKETCHES 


Page 

Albert  G.  Salisbury ---  291 

E.  A.  Sheldon,  A.M  ,  Ph.D. .. 293 

George  L.  Farnham. -  -  -  -296 

Charles  Edward  Stevens... --296 

Dr.  John  H.  French 299 

Kdward  Smith .- 302 

Silas  Betts - 304 

Charles  O.  Roundy - 305 

William  Wilson  Newman  and  Wife 307 

Ansel  E.  Kinne ---308 

Ebenezer  Butler 309 

Walter  A.  Brownell 311 

Samuel  Thurber 311 

George  A.  Bacon 312 

R.  Bruce  White 313 

H.  Elbert  Barrett .314 

Bruce  M.  Watson 314 

A.  B.  Blodgett 315 

Charles  E.  White 316 

Mrs.  L.  E.  Thomas 318 

George  A.  Lewis 318 

Ezekiel  Wilson  Mundy 319 

Frederick  A.  Lyman 320 

William  H.  Scott 321 

Mary  Winifred  Flanagan 322 

(viii) 


CHAPTER  I 
EARLY  BEGINNINGS 


From  long  connection  with  the  schools  of  this  city, 
and  a  somewhat  familiar  acquaintance  with  the  educa- 
tional interests  of  the  county  and  the  State,  the  writer 
has  yielded  to  suggestions  from  several  sources,  and 
decided  to  prepare  a  brief  history  of  the  public  educa- 
tional work  of  Syracuse. 

Coming  upon  the  ground  early  in  the  spring  of  1845 
for  the  purpose  of  visiting  a  brother,  then  living  in  the 
village  of  Syracuse,  and,  hearing  of  a  vacancy  in  the 
village,  district  No.  8  of  Saliua,  I  made  application  to 
the  trustees  of  that  district  for  employment  as  teacher. 
A  bargain  was  made  and  contract  signed  for  school  to 
begin  the  first  Monday  in  May.  From  that  time  to  the 
present,  I  have  been  constantly  employed  in  the  educa- 
tional work  of  this  city,  with  the  exception  of  three 
summers  from  1857  to  1860,  returning  to  teach  during 
the  winters  of  those  years.  Hence  I  hope  to  be  able  to 
put  on  permanent  record  something  that  may  be  valuable 
to  those  of  the  present  generation  who  take  an  interest 
in  this  subject,  and  to  preserve  for  future  generations 

that  which  from  the  lapse  of  years  and  the  decease  of 

(9) 


10  HISTORY   OF   THE    SCHOOLS   OF   SYRACUSE 

participants  it  will  soon  be  impossible  otherwise  to 
collect.  Even  at  this  date,  it  is  difficult  to  find  records 
of  many  of  the  transactions  which  would  be  of  interest, 
and  I  am  compelled  to  rely  upon  the  recollection  of 
those  who  were  actors  in  the  early  days  of  the  education 
of  this  vicinity.  Only  a  few  are  now  on  the  stage  to 
whom  application  can  be  made. 

From  the  best  data  obtainable,  I  think  the  first  dis- 
trict school  organized  within  the  present  city  limits  was 
in  the  village  of  Geddes,  which  by  act  of  the  Legislature 
was  annexed  to  the  city  in  1887.  The  school  house  was 
built  in  1804.  But  little  can  be  learned  of  the  early 
teachers  of  that  school.  After  my  acquaintance  with 
it  Mr.  and  Mrs.  N.  P.  Stanton  were  the  leading  teachers 
in  that  district,  and  Mr.  E.  W.  Curtis  was  school  com- 
missioner. Mr.  Curtis  was  enthusiastic  in  his  efforts  to 
make  the  school  where  he  resided  stand  among  the  first 
of  the  county,  and  Mr.  Stanton  was  a  popular  and 
energetic  teacher.  Of  some  of  the  teachers  more  will 
be  said  hereafter. 

Schools  were  taught  at  an  early  date,  without  doubt, 
in  private  houses  at  what  was  known  as  Salt  Point,  now 
the  First  \Vard  of  the  city,  and  one  Capt.  Connor  kept 
school  in  a  salt  block,  where  he  divided  his  time  between 
teaching  and  salt  boiling.  The  Onondaga  Centennial 
Almanac,  published  in  1886,  says  this  was  about  1797. 

Gov.  Thomas  G.  Alvord,  now  living  in  the  First 
Ward,  says  that  Salina  had  63  inhabitants  when  his 


EARLY   BEGINNINGS  11 

father  moved  into  the  place,  in  1793.  Several  items  of 
interest  connected  with  the  early  history  of  this  village 
have  been  obtained  from  Gov.  Alvord. 

The  first  school  house  within  what  were  the  limits  of 
the  city  when  it  recovered  its  charter  was  built  in  the 
village  of  Salina,  now  the  First  Ward  of  the  city,  in 
1805.  It  was  at  first  seated  with  the  faces  of  the  pupils 
toward  the  wall,  according  to  the  fashion  of  those  days, 
but  was  afterward  changed  for  pupils  to  face  the  centre 
of  the  room,  where  the  stove  was  placed  with  the 
teacher's  table  at  the  end  of  the  room,  by  the  entrance. 
The  town  of  Salina  was  incorporated  in  1809,  and  this, 
being  the  first  organized  district,  was  designated  No.  1. 

It  was  located  in  the  south-western  corner  of  Wash- 
ington Park,  while  the  Presbyterian  church,  built  in 
182%,  was  on  the  north-west  corner.  The  school  house 
was  probably  re-built  at  a  later  day,  painted  red,  and 
known  as  the  Red  School  House.  The  village  of  Salina 
was  incorporated  in  1824,  but  this  school  remained  as 
No.  1  of  the  town  of  Salina  until  the  city  of  Syracuse 
was  incorporated  in  1848.  Among  its  teachers  were 
Mr.  West,  Mr.  Stebbins,  Mr.  Gilbert,  Walter  Green, 
a  brother  of  the  late  Dr.  Green,  Thomas  Wheeler,  David 
Devoe,  and  others. 

Iii  1839  this  district  was  divided,  the  old  building 
having  been  torn  down  by  the  boys  as  unfit  for  school 
purposes,  and  two  one-story  brick  buildings  were  erected 


Schoolhouse  in  District  No.  8,  Salina,  as  it  now  appears.f  When  the  author  be- 
came principal,  the  building  consisted  of  the  lower  story  as  far  back  as  to  include 
three  windows  on  a  side. 


EARLY   BEGINNINGS  13 

on  Wolf  street,  three  blocks  apart,  and  known  as  No.  1, 
or  the  Bank  school,  and  No.  8. 

Among  the  later  teachers  of  the  new  No.  1  were  David 
Parsons,  Uricfc  Henry  Van  Seest,  Lewis  Cornell  ;  and  of 
Xo.  8,  Thomas  Wheeler,  Mr.  Whitney,  David  Parsons, 
Elijah  Devoe,  and  the  writer,  who  began  teaching  in 
May,  1845. 

After  I  was  employed  I  visited  the  school  building, 
and  found  it  seated  with  two  rows  of  long  desks,  about 
three  feet  apart,  fastened  to  the  floor,  with  movable 
benches  between.  The  desks  were  about  eleven  feet 
in  length  and  the  inconvenience  of  seating  pupils  was 
so  great  that  I  obtained  permission  to  cut  up  the  desks 
into  shorter  ones  of  three  and  a  half  feet  in  length,  and 
arrange  them  in  rows  with  a  passage  between.  On  my 
offer  to  help  in  the  work  a  carpenter  was  employed,  and 
in  a  short  time  the  room  was  made  comfortable,  and  by 
planing  out  the  notches  and  applying  a  coat  of  paint 
the  desks  were  made  quite  respectable.  Two  pupils 
were  to  be  seated  at  a  desk. 

Although  the  house  had  been  occupied  only  a  few 
years  it  had  been  badly  disfigured  by  a  free  use  of 
pocket-knives,  and  from  being  used  for  temperance 
meetings,  singing  schools,  spelling  schools,  and  political 
meetings,  etc.,  sometimes  two  or  even  more  times  a 
week  ;  and  for  election  purposes,  both  State  and  local. 
But  when  the  new  term  began  the  seats  had  been  put 
in  very  good  condition. 


14        HISTORY  OF  THE  SCHOOLS  OF  SYRACUSE 

The  spring  term  opened  with  about  fifty  pupils  of  all 
grades  in  the  elementary  studies,  the  greater  part  of 
them  small  children.  The  winter  brought  in  the  older 
pupils,  many  of  them  much  larger  than  the  teacher. 
These  new  pupils  increased  the  number  to  over  100, 
and  an  assistant,  Miss  A.  Bennett,  was  employed.  As 
there  was  only  one  room,  the  wood -house  was  utilized 
for  recitations,  a  part  of  it  having  a  floor.  The  num- 
bers increased  so  that  it  became  necessary  to  seat  some 
of  the  pupils  on  the  wood-pile. 

During  the  second  summer  one  teacher  was  employed, 
and  the  wood-house  was  made  into  a  very  comfortable 
school  room  by  putting  in  windows  and  a  new  floor, 
proper  shelter  for  fuel  being  provided  outside.  At  the 
opening  of  the  winter  term  an  assistant  was  again 
employed.  This  arrangement  continued  till  the  schools 
passed  under  the  control  of  the  Board  of  Education  of 
the  city  in  the  spring  of  1848. 

Previous  to  this  the  village  had  been  again  divided, 
and  two  other  schools  organized.  No.  15  was  under 
the  charge  of  Mr.  J.  B.  Brigham,  lately  deceased,  and 
No.  16  was  taught  by  Miss  Delia  N.  Earl.  Miss  Earl 
later  decided  to  go  to  California,  where  she  married 
after  teaching  a  while.  Mr.  Lewis  Cornelle  had  charge 
of  school  No.  1  when  the  city  was  organized. 

The  first  school  house  in  the  village  of  Syracuse  was 
one  on  Church  street  (West  Willow),  on  ground  now 


The  first  schoolhouse  in  Syracuse. 


16 


HISTORY   OF   THE   SCHOOLS   OF   SYRACUSE 


occupied  by  Mr   Young's  stables,  corner  of  Church  and 
Franklin  streets.     Probably  this  was  built  about  1826.* 


/I  -  STOVE  . 

B  •  6CHOL/(f(S  DESKS  . 

C  •  TE/\CHEf(S  DESK  . 

0  -   ENTICE  . 

£- 


Interior  plan  of  first  schoolhouse. 

It  was  a  square  hip-roof  building,  and  was  used  for 
school,  church,  town  meetings  and  various  other  pur- 
poses. Among  the  teachers  were  Wm.  K.  Blair,  Mr. 
Williams,  Hiram  A.  Dunham,  Mr.  Evans,  Mr.  May, 


*  There  is  doubt  about  the  date  of  this  building.  Miss  E.  M.  Shepard 
now  a  resident  in  the  Tenth  Ward  says  she  attended  a  school  in  1826  near 
the  lock  taught  by  Miss  Pease,  and  there  was  no  district  school  in  Syracuse 
at  thai  time. 


EARLY    BEGINNINGS  17 

and  others  who  did  excellent  work  and  from  whom 
many  of  the  early  settlers  received  their  education  either 
wholly  or  in  part. 

District  No.  5  was  organized  January  1,  1839,  on 
Lock  street.  Jerod  H.  Parker  was  the  moderator,  Wm. 
K.  Blair  the  clerk.  E.  F.  Wallace,  J.  H.  Parker  and 
S.  W.  Cadwell  were  the  first  trustees.  Several  school 
meetings  followed  each  other  in  rapid  succession  during 
the  winter  and  spring.  A  lot  fronting  on  Lock  and  Salt 
streets  was  purchased,  plans  approved,  and  a  contract 
let  for  a  house  to  cost  $1,600.  Elliot  &  Cheney  were 
the  contractors.  A  tax  list  for  $2,000  was  made  out 
and  put  into  the  collector's  hands,  but  the  whole  amount 
could  not  be  realized  and  the  building  was  not  entirely 
completed. 

At  the  annual  meeting  in  October  there  was  reported 
a  school  kept  six  months  (name  of  teacher  not  given). 
This  building  was  too  small,  and  the  next  year  and  the 
following  year's  efforts  to  enlarge  and  improve  it  finally 
resulted  in  putting  up  a  two-story  front,  with  four  more 
rooms.  This  was  the  building  when  the  city  received 
its  charter. 

Among  those  prominent  as  actors  in  this  work  beside 
those  named  above  were  E.  W.  Leavenworth,  F.  Colvin, 
L.  L.  D.,  James  Hough,  John  A.  Leonard,  father  of 
George  B.  Leonard  of  this  city,  John  Wilkinson,  Milton 
Gilbert  and  John  C.  Dunham,  with  others.  Among 


18  HISTORY    OF   THE    SCHOOLS    OF    SYRACUSE 

the   early   teachers    were   Mr.    Hunt,  Mr.    Penniman. 
David  Parsons,  U.  H.  Van  Seest.  and  Mr.  Stetson. 

District  Xo.  6  contained  a  one-story  brick  building 
of  two  rooms  situated  on  West  Fayette  street.  It  was 
afterward  enlarged  by  an  addition  in  the  rear  to  a  three- 
room  building.  The  old  mill  pond  came  near  it  on  the 
west,  and  covered  a  large  part  of  the  territory  west  and 
south  of  it,  comprising  all  the  low  land  where  Armory 
Park  and  the  surrounding  buildings  now  stand.  Wher 
the  writer  came  here  in  1845,  Mr.  Sloan  was  the  princi- 
pal, with  one  assistant.  This  house  was  abandoned 
when  Madison  school  house  was  built  in  1872.  Al- 
though unoccupied  for  school  purposes  for  a  number 
of  years  it  was  used  for  a  lanndry  later,  and  stood  till  a 
block  was  put  up  on  the  ground  in  1890  or  1891. 

The  first  school  building  in  District  No.  7  was  of 
brick,  one  story  and  one  room  with  two  entrances  and 
a  small  room  between  them.  It  was  built  in  1839  on 
the  ground  occupied  by  the  old  Putnam  school,  which 
was  abandoned  in  1888  for  school  purposes  when  the 
new  Putnam  house  was  completed. 

A  Mr.  Osgood,  nephew  of  Capt.  Putnam,  was  the 
first  teacher.  He  was  a  graduate  from  college,  but  he 
did  not  succeed.  A  Miss  Phelps,  sister  of  Mr.  Bradley 
Carey,  probably  assisted  Mr.  Osgood.  Mr.  A.  G.  Salis- 
bury followed  Mr.  Osgood  after  a  few  months,  assisted 


AI-BERT  G,  SALISBURY. 


HISTORY    OF   THE   SCHOOLS   OF   SYRACUSE 


by  Mary  Bradley  and    Sarah  Tallman,  who  afterward 

married  Mr.  Salis- 
bury. Miss  Tallman 
used  the  small  room 
between  the  en- 
trances for  recita- 
tions. 

The  school  house 
was  the  best  in  the 
vicinity,  and  when  it 
was  built  was  consid- 
ered quite  an  orna- 
ment to  the  growing 
village.  But  it  was 
soon  found  wholly 
inadaquate  to  meet 
the  necessities  of 
the  pupils  who  desired  to  attend.  A  wooden  addition 
was  annexed  to  the  rear,  by  which  some  relief  was  ob- 
tained. In  1842  an  effort  was  made  to  secure  a  better 
house,  Dr.  Phillips,  Dr.  Wright,  and  Horace  Butts  be- 
ing trustees  at  that  time.  The  matter  was  presented 
to  the  people,  and  two  parties  were  formed.  One 
headed  by  Capt.  Putnam  was  in  favor  of  a  good  school, 
good  house,  with  sufficient  room  ;  and  the  other,  led 
by  Mr.  Richard  Corning,  favored  economy  and  lower 
taxes. 

The  progressive  party  were  successful,  and  in  1843 
the  building  was  completed.     To  the  old  structure  a  two- 


SARAH  TALLMAN. 
(MRS.  A.  G.  SALISBURY.) 


EARLY    BEGINNINGS  21 

story  brick  front  with  two  rooms  on  a  floor  was  added  on 
the  south  end,  and  the  wooden  part  previously  annexed 
to  the  north  end  was  removed  and  a  brick  addition 
erected.  The  building  when  completed  had  five  rooms, 
and  was  far  superior  to  any  other  school  house  in  the 
county. 

Mr.  Salisbury  about  this  time  taught  a  select  school 
in  the  session  room  of  the  Congregational  church. 
This  may  have  been  while  No.  7  was  being  enlarged. 
After  the  new  structure  was  completed  Mr.  Salisbury 
continued  as  principal  till  he  was  elected  clerk  of  the 
Board  of  Education,  after  Syracuse  became  a  city  in  the 
Spring  of  1848.  He  had  secured  a  practical  grading  of 
pupils  and  made  the  school  popular  in  the  village. 

District  No.  9  had  a  small  one-room  wood  building, 
situated  on  West  street. 

No.  10  located  in  the  village  of  Lodi  had  a  small 
house  situated  on  East  Genesee  street,  probably  built 
first  in  1828.  The  first  teacher  was  a  Mr.  Parker,  fol- 
lowed by  a  Mr.  Brown.  This  was  replaced  in  1846  by 
a  two-story  brick  building  on  East  Fayette  street,  con- 
taining four  rooms,  known  as  the  "  Cold  Water  School/'* 
The  late  Oliver  Teall  was  the  leader  in  this  movement 
and  was  greatly  interested  in  the  success  of  his  temper- 
ance movement,  as  he  was  in  the  education  of  the  chil- 
dren of  the  district.  Mr.  Gordon  Rose  was  a  teacher 
before  1848, 


22  HISTORY   OF   THE   SCHOOLS   OF   SYRACUSE 

This  comprises  all  the  public  schools  included  in  the 
limits  of  the  city  of  Syracuse  at  its  organization  in  1848, 
but  the  city  now  includes  much  more  school  property. 

The  town  of  Geddes  was  formed  from  the  town  of 
Salina  in  1848,  the  same  year  the  city  of  Syracuse  re- 
ceived its  charter.  The  village  of  Geddes  was  incorpor- 
ated in  the  winter  of  1835-36.  Previous  to  1848  it 
was  a  village  in  the  town  of  Salina.  The  first  settler 
within  the  town  was  James  Geddes,  who  came  there  in 
1794,  almost  a  hundred  years  ago. 

In  1803  Miss  Nancy  Root  taught  the  first  school  in 
Geddes.  The  first  schoolhonse  was  built  of  logs  in  1804 
on  the  ground  occupied  by  the  Porter  school. 

Miss  E.  M.  Shepard,  now  a  resident  in  the  village  of 
Geddes  (10th  Ward),  has  given  me  more  information 
than  I  have  been  able  to  obtain  from  other  sources  of 
the  early  schools  of  Geddes  and  vicinity.  She  attended 
a  school,  taught  by  Mrs.  Pease,  near  the  lock  (Syra- 
cuse) in  her  own  house  in  1826,  and  in  1827-28  attended 
a  school  in  Lodi  (she  does  not  remember  the  teacher's 
name).  A  schoolhouse  was  built  in  Lodi  in  1828,  and, 
occupied  by  Mr.  Parker  as  teacher,  continued  two  years. 
In  1830  a  Mr.  Brown  was  employed,  and  Mr.  Parker  had 
a  select  school. 

In  1831  Miss  Shepard  removed  to  Geddes,  and  in 
1832-33  she  attended  a  school  in  the  basement  of  the 
Episcopal  Church,  kept  by  Mr.  Younglove.  In  the 


PORTER  SCHOOL. 


24  HISTORY   OF   THE   SCHOOLS   OF   SYRACUSE 

spring  of  1833  Miss  Shepard  taught  a  select  school  in  her 
own  house,  now  the  corner  of  West  Genesee  street  and 
Avery  avenue.  In  1835,  she  assisted  Mr.  Terry  in  a 
small  brick  house  at  the  corner  of  School  and  Lowell 
streets  ;  and  assisted  Mr.  Bugby  in  the  basement  of  the 
Episcopal  Church  in  1834,  while  Mr.  Terry  was  teach- 
ing in  the  public  school  the  same  year.  In  the  winter 
of  1837  she  assisted  Mr.  Austin,  on  the  north  side  of 
Genesee  street,  near  Milton  avenue. 

Miss  Shepard  attended  the  academy  in  Elbridge  during 
the  summer  term  of  1839,  and  taught  the  district  school 
there  in  1840-41,  when  failing  health  caused  her  to  dis- 
continue the  work.  Farm  ton,  Hewlett  Hill  and  Am- 
boy  were  among  the  other  places  in  this  vicinity  where 
she  taught. 

For  other  teachers  we  gather  from  more  full  records 
than  any  obtainable  from  schools  in  the  city  at  its  or- 
ganization. 

The  first  branch  of  the  old  No.  3  of  the  town  of  Ged- 
des  was  organized  in  1867,  and  a  scoolhouse  was  built 
on  Magnolia  street  and  named  Noble  school,  in  honor 
of  the  late  Mr.  W.  Noble,  who  was  thoroughly  inter- 
ested in  the  education  of  the  young.  He  was  clerk  of 
the  board  at  the  time  and  was  very  earnest  in  his  ef- 
forts in  securing  an  appropriation  for  the  purpose. 
After  several  years  the  name  was  changed  to  Magnolia 
school,  perhaps  owing  in  part  to  its  being  located  on 
that  street. 


EARLY    BEGINNINGS 


25 


The  first  principal  was  a  Miss  Robinson,  assisted  by 

Miss  Garret t  and  Miss  Sarah  Jerome,  now  Mrs.  

Parsons,  of  Fairmount.  Miss  Jerome  succeeded  to  the 
principalship  in  1868,  and  held  it  two  years,  when  she 
accepted  a  position  in  the  senior  department  of  No.  3, 
or  as  it  was  afterwards  called,  the  Cenlral  school,  where 
she  remained  three  years,  and  then  married. 

Miss  Hattie  Tucker,  now  Mrs.  Charles  Coykendal, 
followed  Miss  Jerome  as  principal,  and  remained  until 
1874,  when  she  accepted  a  position  in  Montgomery 
school  and  remained  there  two  years.  At  the  time  Miss 

Tucker  resigned  the 
village  schoolhonse 
had  been  rebuilt,  and 
the  older  pupils  who 
had  attended  t  h  e 
Magnolia  school  were 
transferred  to  t  h  e 
new  building.  Miss 
Nellie  Amiable,  now 
Mrs.  Henry  Smith, 
followed  as  principal 
for  a  short  time,  and 
was  succeeded  by  Mrs. 
Libbie  McKaig.  The 
other  principals  were 
Miss  Mary  Van 
Franken,  who  married  Mr.  Fred  Thompson  ;  Miss  Ella 


i 


JENNIE  E.  WHITE. 


26  HISTORY   OF  THE   SCHOOLS   OF   SYRACUSE 

Scanlon,  whose  health  failed  and  who  died  before  the 
year  closed ;  Miss  Joanna  C.  Ryan,  now  Mrs.  Ed. 
Grainey,  of  Washington,  followed  for  one  year  by  Miss 
Jennie  E.  White,  who  continued  for  nine  years  and 
until  the  Magnolia  school  was  abandoned  and  the  Del- 
aware school  completed  in  the  spring  of  1890,  where 
she  is  now  principal  of  the  primary  department. 

What  is  now  known  as  the  Frazer  school,  second 
branch  of  Porter  school,  was  organized  by  the  Board  of 
Education  of  the  village  of  Geddes  in  1879.  The  house 
was  of  wood  and  stood  on  the  ground  now  occupied  by 
the  present  10-room  brick  building,  the  wooden  struc- 
ture having  been  burned  in  1885.  The  new  building 
was  erected  and  occupied  in  1887.  The  tract  of  land 
known  as  the  Cushendall  tract,  the  territory  of  which 
was  included  in  this  district,  was  added  to  the  city  of 
Syracuse  in  the  spring  of  1886,  the  schools  being  main- 
tained in  rented  rooms  until  the  new  house  was  com- 
pleted. 

The  first  school  opened  under  the  supervision  of  Mary 
E.  Hogan,  assisted  by  Franc  C.  Chamberlain.  Miss 
Hogan  is  now  teaching  in  Hartford,  Conn.  Miss  Cham- 
berlain married  and  went  west. 

The  Rock  school  was  first  organized  in  Geddes  in 
1872.  It  opened  in  a  building  at  92  Geddes  street, 
owned  by  a  Mr.  Steel e,  and  was  kept  by  Miss  Clara  L. 
Cowles.  Two  years  later  the  district  purchased  the 
Brown  Memorial  chapel,  then  located  where  the  pres- 


FRAZER  S 


Ol.l)  ROCK  SOHOOLBOUBS. 


EARLY  BEGINNINGS  29 

ent  church  stands,  removed  it  to  Rock  street,  and  con- 
verted into  what  was  called  the  "  Rock  School."  Miss 
Covvles  remained  only  a  few  terms,  but  taught  in  other 
Geddes  schools,  and  then  went  west.  She  remained 
there  till  1887,  when  she  returned  to  her  home,  where 
she  no\v  lives  near  her  first  school  work.  The  other 
teachers  of  this  school  will  be  found  in  the  list  that 
appears  later. 

The  origin  of  the  Brighton  school  was  district  No. 
44,  of  the  town  of  Onondnga,  which  was  organized  in 
1842  with  Matthias  Britton  as  trustee.  Mr.  Britton  was 
continued  in  this  office  nearly  all  the  time  till  the  dis- 
trict became  a  part  of  the  city.  The  first  schoolhouse 
was  built  of  stone,  one  story  high.  It  was  low  and  small, 
but  it  accomodated  the  district  until  18GO,  when  a  two- 
story  brick  building  was  erected  and  served  the  district 
until  the  new  Brighton  schoolhouse  was  occupied  in 
1891.  The  district  became  a  part  of  the  city  in  1887. 

Instead  of  raising  a  tax  to  build  the  first  house,  inter- 
ested citizens  contributed  what  they  could  toward  the 
expense,  some  giving  money,  some  material  for  the 
building,  and  some  labor.  Among  the  early  teachers 
were  J.  L.  Hibbard,  brother-in-law  of  Mr.  Britton, 
Sherman  Olmsted,  Joseph  Longstreet,  Sophia  Wight- 
man,  C.  Clark,  Win.  Thompson,  H.  Wilcox,  L.  Burton. 
After  the  brick  house  was  built  two  teachers  and  some- 
times three  were  employed.  A  list  of  the  other  teach- 
ers will  be  found  later. 


OLD  BRIGHTON  SCHOOL. 


BRIGHTON  SCHOOL. 


32  HISTORY   OF  THE   SCHOOLS   OF   SYRACUSE 

In  1863  the  district  was  changed  to  Union  Free  School, 
District  No.  2,  town  of  Onondaga,  and  a  Board  of  Edu- 
cation composed  of  six  members  was  elected. 

School  District  No.  29  of  the  town  of  Onondaga  was 
founded  June  17,  1878,  from  the  north  part  of  Union 
Free  School,  District  No.  2,  of  that  town,  and  com- 
prised all  the  territory  included  in  the  limits  of  the 
incorporated  village  of  Danforth,  and  known  as  the 
Union  Free  School  of  that  village.  The  first  principal 
was  Leon  Bailey,  assisted  by  Miss  K.  Angie  Lounsbury 
and  Julia  E.  Phelps.  Miss  Phelps  resigned  to  accept  a 
position  in  the  city  schools,  and  was  succeeded  by  Miss 
Louise  Burdick,  who  also  resigned  in  December  and  was 
followed  by  Miss  Jennie  White.  December  23,  1879, 
Principal  Bailey  wras  asked  to  resign.  He  did  not  com- 
ply, but  was  discharged  on  December  31,  and  Mr.  P.  H. 
Edick  was  appointed  to  the  principalship. 

In  July,  1880,  Miss  Josie  Wightman  was  appointed 
in  the  primary  department,  but  resigned  the  following 
spring,  as  also  did  Miss  Lounsbury.  Mr.  Edick  re- 
signed to  go  to  Chittenango.  He  afterward  became 
superintendent  of  schools  at  Owego,  and  is  now  princi- 
pal of  a  school  in  Rochester.  H.  A.  Thompson  was 
elected  principal  in  May,  1881,  and  Miss  Louise  Roberts 
was  elected  teacher  in  the  primary  department. 

Mr.  Thompson  resigned  at  the  close  of  the  summer 
term  and  was  succeeded  by  W.  F.  Barker,  Miss  Carrie 
Ingersol  and  Miss  May  Hitchings  being  appointed 
assistants. 


EBENEZER  BUTLER. 


34  HISTORY    OF   THE    SCHOOLS    OF   SYRACUSE 

In  July,  1882,  Ebenezer  Butler  succeeded  Mr.  Barker. 
Miss  May  Morse  entered  the  school  as  an  assistant 
in  the  fall  of  1883  ;  and  Miss  Minnie  Smith  succeeded 
Miss  Ingersol  at  the  same  time,  but  resigned  the  follow- 
ing summer  and  was  followed  by  Miss  Ella  Thompson. 
Miss  Lulu  Leyden  was  appointed  in  the  spring  of  1885, 
and  in  September  of  the  same  year  Miss  May  Van  Keu- 
ren  took  the  place  of  Miss  Morse.  Miss  Mary  Northrup 
was  added  to  the  corps  of  teachers,  September,  1886. 
There  were  no  other  changes  in  teachers  till  after  the 
village  of  Danforth  was  annexed  to  the  city  of  Syra- 
cuse in  February,  1887,  when  the  name  was  changed  to 
Danforth  school. 

I  have  not  been  able  to  get  the  exact  date  of  the 
formation  of  the  Rose  school.  It  was  probably  1810  or  12, 
and  the  first  house  was  built  of  logs  at  the  foot  of  a  hill 
on  land  owned  by  Wheeler  Rose.  The  roof  was  a  single 
one,  sloping  all  one  way,  and  it  is  said  the  boys  amused 
themselves  in  winter  by  sliding  down  the  hill  and  over 
the  roof  of  the  house.  The  house  which  succeeded  the 
first  one  stood  where  the  Rose  school  was  located  when 
the  district  became  a  part  of  the  city.  The  district 
was  among  the  first  in  this  part  of  the  county,  there 
being  none  nearer  than  Jamesville  or  Onondaga  Valley. 
Pupils  were  obliged  to  travel  two  or  three  miles  to 
reach  the  school. 

We  should  not  do  justice  to  the  educational  interests 
of  the  city  if  the  private  and  select  schools  and  the  in- 


ROSE  SCHOOL. 


36  HISTORY   OF  THE   SCHOOLS   OF   SYRACUSE 

fluence  of   the  academies  were  to  be  omitted  in  this 
enumeration. 

The  first  district  schoolhouse  in  this  vicinity  was  built 
of  logs  at  Onondaga  Valley,  in  1803,  and  replaced  with 
a  frame  building  in  1808. 

Onondaga  academy  was  founded  in  1813,  and  many 
of  the  young  men  in  the  early  settlement  of  this  place 
attended  there  and  received  thorough  instruction  which 
prepared  them  for  business  life. 

The  people  of  Pompey  made  an  effort  as  early  as 
1800  to  found  an  academy,  and  continued  trying  year 
after  year  till  finally  success  crowned  their  efforts  in 
1811.  This  institution  has  sent  out  many  men  of  influ- 
ence in  all  departments  of  labor,  and  this  city,  especially 
in  its  early  history,  has  been  indebted  to  its  graduates 
for  much  that  has  shaped  its  educational  influence  and 
standing. 

It  has  been  with  considerable  difficulty  that  reliable 
data  could  be  found  respecting  all  the  private  and  se- 
lect schools  that  have  had  a  more  or  less  permanent 
influence  upon  the  condition  of  education  within  the 
limits  of  our  city,  and  undoubtedly  some  have  been 
omitted  or  perhaps  not  adequately  reported. 

In  1826  a  Miss  Wealthy  Ann  Lathrop  taught  a  select 
school  in  abui'dirig  provided  by  Captain  Cody,  in  the 
rear  of  the  First  Baptist  church,  on  Church  street. 
(This  church  was  established  in  1821,  and  was  the  first 


EARLY  BEGINNINGS  37 

church  built  in  Syracuse.)  This  is  said  to  have  heen 
the  first  select  school  in  the  villnge.  In  1830,  Miss 
Guthrie  liad  a  select  school  in  the  Wheeler  house,  cor- 
ner of  Salina  and  Centre  streets.  There  was  also  a 
school  known  HS  the  Institute,  situated  on  Turtle  street, 
between  Park  and  Salina  streets,  which  had  some  rep- 
utation for  several  years. 

In  1835.  George  F.  Comstoek,  lately  deceased,  taught 
in  the  yellow  building  standing  where  the  Bastnble 
Block  now  is.  He  was  elected  Inspector  of  Schools  in 
1837. 

The  Misses  Champlain  taught  the  principal  private 
school  in  existence  here  for  a  few  years.  As  there  was 
a  difficulty  in  finding  suitable  rooms,  Dr.  Williams 
put  up  a  temporary  building  on  the  corner  of  Water 
and  Clinton  streets.  Mrs.  Humphrey  followed  in 
charge  of  this  school.  The  house  built  by  Mr.  Wil- 
liams, being  without  ceiling  or  plaster,  was  unfit  for 
winter  use,  and  Captain  Putnam  fitted  up  for  Mrs. 
Humphrey  a  more  comfort ab.e  room  over  his  woodshed, 
on  Montgomery  street.  This  was  known  as  Mont- 
gomery Institute.  Mrs.  Humphrey  and  Mr.  Montgom- 
ery afterward  married.  After  Mrs.  Montgomery,  came 
Miss  Richardson,  Miss  Alexander,  Mrs.  Newcomb,  the 
Misses  Newton  from  Massachusetts,  Mrs.  Col.  Fitch 
from  Trumansburg,  Miss  Collins,  Miss  Laurie  from 
Whitesboro,  and  Miss  Gould  from  South  Carolina. 
Most  of  these  named  above  were  teachers  of  a  high 


38  HISTORY   OF   TH.E   SCHOOLS   OF   SYRACUSE 

order,  some  of  them  teaching  the  sciences,  higher  math- 
ematics and  the  languages. 

Probably  about  1838,  a  Miss  Parrott  of  Kentucky 
came  here  with  credentials  from  prominent  men,  among 
them  Henry  Clay.  This  lady  and  T.  D.  Williams 
opened  a  school  called  The  Young  Ladies'  Seminary, 
about  midway  between  Water  and  Washington  streets 
on  the  west  side  of  Salina  street,  which  continued  two 
or  three  years,  during  which  time  Mr.  Williams  and 
Miss  Parrott  married.  The  school  then  moved  to  the 
Old  Line  House,  corner  of  Salina  and  West  Onondagti 
streets,  which  was  at  that  time  considered  quite  sub- 
urban. Many  of  the  young  ladies  of  the  village  were 
students  in  this  Seminary. 

Miss  Amelia  Bradbury  entered  the  school  as  an  assist- 
ant in  1838.  She  introduced  new  methods  and  new 
inspiration.  She  believed  and  worked  on  the  principle 
that  character-building  is  of  vastly  more  importance 
than  scholarly  acquirement.  She  instituted  self-gov- 
ernment, appealed  to  the  moral  sense  of  the  young 
ladies,  encouraged  frankness  and  candor,  and  in  the 
pursuit  of  their  studies  sought  to  inspire  in  her  pupils 
the  power  to  investigate  for  themselves.  She  was  mod- 
est and  unpretentious  and  soon  won  the  respect  and 
admiration  of  her  pupils.  Such  became  her  popularity 
that  she  was  induced  to  open  a  school  of  her  own,  which 
she  did  in  the  Unitarian  chapel,  where  Mr.  Browers 
establishment  now  is.  She  remained  in  this  school 


EARLY  BEGINNINGS  39 

from  1845  to  1847.  Debora  Garnett,  now  the  widow  of 
Hon.  Charles  B.  Sedgwick,  taught  in  the  same  school, 
and  testifies  to  the  excellence  of  Miss  Bradbury's 
methods. 

Miss  Bradbury  died  in  1850.  Miss  Palmer,  who 
afterward  married  Ira  A.  Thurber,  opened  a  school  in 
the  Jervis  Block,  giving  it  the  name  of  The  Young 
Ladies'  Seminary.  After  her  marriage,  she  sold  the 
fixtures  to  George  L.  Farnham,  who  kept  up  the  school 
until  he  was  elected  superintendent  of  the  public  schools 
of  the  city.  His  portrait  is  given  on  the  next  page. 

The  Syracuse  Academy  was  organized  in  1835  by 
Aaron  Burt,  Harvey  Baldwin  and  Oliver  Teal.  The 
first  principal  was  a  Mr.  Kellogg  from  New  York.  He 
was  followed  by  Oren  Eoot,  afterwards  professor  of 
mathematics  in  Hamilton  College  ;  A.  G.  Salisbury, 
already  referred  to  on  page  18  ;  Joseph  A.  Allen,  after- 
wards one  of  the  most  notable  teachers  of  Massachu- 
setts ;  Oliver  P.  Burt,  and  perhaps  others.  The  Acad- 
emy proved  a  financial  failure  and  was  abandoned.  The 
premises  were  sold  to  the  Onondaga  County  Orphan 
Asylum,  which  now  occupies  the  premises,  having 
within  a  few  years  removed  the  old  edifice  and  erected 
upon  the  grounds  a  new  and  more  commodious  and 
improved  building.  Syracuse  Academy  was  in  operation 
only  ten  or  eleven  years,  but  during  its  short  life  it  did 
excellent  work. 

Many  of  the  teachers  enumerated  above  had  attained 
a  high  degree  of  culture,  and  employed  methods  of 


<;KOI;<;K  L.   FAKNHAM. 


EARLY  BEGINNINGS  41 

instruction  which  far  surpassd  the  average  of  those 
employed  in  the  common  district  school ;  and  to  them 
is  due,  largely,  that  public  sentiment  which  has  enabled 
the  city  schools  to  take  and  maintain,  through  all  its 
history,  a  forward  movement  toward  a  more  thorough 
system  of  education  and  more  philosophical  methods, 
until  we  believe  it  may  be  said  of  them  they  deserve 
to  be  ranked  among  the  first  of  the  land. 


CHAPTER  II 
UNDER  CITY  SUPERVISION 

So  far  an  effort  has  been  made  to  present  the  condi- 
tion at  the  organization  of  the  public  schools  maintained 
at  public  expense  under  the  charge  of  a  Board  of 
Education. 

The  village  of  Syracuse  was  laid  out  into  streets  and 
lots  in  1819,  but  the  first  election  of  village  officers 
occurred  in  1825.  The  first  schoolhouse  was  erected 
in  1820,  the  first  church  (Baptist)  was  built  in  1821, 
and  the  First  Presbyterian  church  in  1824.  The  first 
grist  mill  occupied  the  ground  where  the  high  school 
now  stands,  the  building  itself  standing  well  into  the 
street.  The  village  of  Lodi  consisted  of  a  cluster  of 
houses,  groceries,  etc.,  situated  on  the  canal  east  of 
Syracuse,  along  by  the  locks. 

During  the  winter  of  1847-48  the  project  of  incor- 
porating the  three  villages  (Salina,  Lodi  and  Syracuse) 
into  a  city  began  to  be  discussed.  Meetings  were  held 
and  arguments  for  and  against  a  city  charter  were 
freely  made.  Those  favorably  inclined  were  in  the 
majority,  and  the  result  was  a  bill  before  the  Legislature 

which  became  a  law,  Dec.  14,  1847.     The  election  for 

(42) 


UNDER   CITY   SUPERVISION  43 

city  officers  resulted  in  making  Harvey  Baldwin  the 
first  mayor.  Two  aldermen  were  chosen  for  each  of 
the  four  wards  into  which  the  city  had  been  divided,  as 
follows  : 

First  Ward,  James  Lynch,  Elizur  Clark. 

Second  Ward,  Alexander  McKinstry,  John  B.  Bur- 
nett. 

Third  Ward,  Win.  H.  Alexander,  Gardner  Law- 
rence. 

Fourth  Ward,  H.  W.  Durnford,  Robert  Furman. 

The  first  one  named  in  each  of  the  wards  was  to  serve 
two  years  and  the  other  one  year.  The  first  meeting  of 
the  common  council  was  held  March  13,  1848,  and 
organized  by  electing  R.  A.  Yoe  city  clerk,  and  the 
late  Daniel  P.  Wood  city  attorney.  Dr.  B.  F.  Greene 
was  made  city  surveyor,  and  Dr.  Hiram  Hoyt,  city 
physician.  None  of  them,  except  R.  A.  Yoe,  are  now 
living. 

The  act  of  incorporation  was  found  to  be  defective  in 
several  particulars,  and  among  others  that  pertaining 
to  a  system  of  public  schools.  During  the  remainder  of 
the  month  of  March  and  the  fore  part  of  April,  petitions, 
following  each  other  as  the  deficiencies  were  made  appa- 
rent, were  sent  to  the  Legislature  for  immediate  action. 
As  a  result  an  act  for  organizing  a  public  school  system 
in  the  city  of  Syracuse  was  passed  April  11,  1848,  and 
certified  to  the  Common  Council  at  a  meeting  held 
April  15.  According  to  the  provisions  of  the 


44  HISTORY   OF   TH.E   SCHOOLS   OF   SYRACUSE 

the  Common  Council,  at  a  meeting  held  April  15,  ap- 
pointed two  school  commissioners  from  each  of  the 
wards,  who  were  to  constitute  the  Board  of  Education 
of  the  city  of  Syracuse.  The  first  one  named  in  each 
ward  was  to  serve  two  years,  and  the  other  one  year. 
Choice  was  made  of  prominent  business  men,  viz.: 

William  Clark  and  John  P.  Babcock,  for  the  First 
Ward. 

James  Noxon  and  C.  M.  Bronson,  for  the   Second 
Ward. 

Hiram  Putnam  and  Daniel  Bradley,  for  the   Third 
Ward. 

Oliver  Teal  and  Charles  A.  Wheaton,  for  the  Fourth 
Ward. 

The  meeting  for  organizing  the  Board  was  held  April 
21.  William  Clark  was  elected  the  first  president  but 
declined  to  serve,  and  Hiram  Putnam  was  elected  to  this 
responsible  position.  He  proved  to  be  eminently  fitted 
for  the  trust  committed  to  him,  and  his  sympathies  were 
all  on  the  side  of  good  schools  and  the  best  possible 
equipments.  He  was  kind  and  generous  in  his  im- 
pulses, but  firm.  Having  made  up  his  mind  as  to  the 
right  or  wrong  of  a  question  he  could  not  be  shaken. 

Mr.  R.  A.  Yoe  acted  as  temporary  clerk.  A  com- 
mittee of  three  was  appointed  to  present  rules  for  the 
government  of  the  Board,  and  the  same  committee  with 
the  addition  of  two  other  members  were  to  present  a 


UNDER   CITY   SUPERVISION  45 

report  of  the  duties  of  the  clerk  of  the  Board  of  Educa- 
tion. All  commissioners  were  to  report  the  number  of 
teachers  it  would  be  necessary  to  appoint  at  the  next 
meeting  of  the  Board.  The  second  meeting  was  held 
April  26,  at  which  the  committees  appointed  at  the  pre- 
ceding one  made  full  reports,  but  as  the  reports  did 
not  harmonize  in  every  respect  they  were  recommitted 
for  revision. 

At  this  meeting  A.  Gr.  Salisbury  (see  pages  19,  21), 
was  elected  the  first  clerk,  having  received  5  votes.  His 
opponent  was  E.  C.  Pomeroy.  Both  of  these  gentle- 
men were  thorough  and  successful  teachers,  but  Mr. 
Salisbury  was  on  the  ground  and  had  been  identified 
with  the  village  schools  for  several  years,  while  Mr. 
Pomeroy  was  comparatively  a  stranger. 

Mr.  Salisbury  was  regarded  as  a  strict  disciplinarian 
and  a  thorough  teacher.  He  was  popular  among  his 
patrons.  A  more  scrupulously  conscientious  man 
could  hardly  be  found.  In  many  respects  he  was  well 
fitted  for  a  supervisor  and  director,  and  his  services  as 
clerk,  though  not  continued  for  a  great  length  of  time, 
revealed  his  power  and  influence  by  opening  up  and 
starting  the  machinery  of  the  school  system  of  the  city. 

At  this  second  meeting  a  resolution  was  adopted 
declining  to  appoint  any  person  as  teacher  who  habitu- 
ally used  intoxicating  drinks  or  tobacco.  Applications 
for  appointment  as  teachers  in  the  newly  organized 
schools  were  made  in  writing  by  Messrs.  Scram,  Beal, 


4ti  HISTORY   OF   THE   SCHOOLS   OF   SYRACUSE 

Slocum,  Cornell,  Goodrich,  Johnston,  and  Brigham. 
Four  of  these  persons  were  known  to  the  writer  as  emi- 
nently fitted  for  teachers.  Three  ladies  also  made 
application.  After  an  adjournment  of  two  days  the 
Board  again  met  to  hear  the  report  of  the  committee  on 
rules  and  duties  of  clerk.  The  report  was  adopted. 
The  appointment  of  teachers  was  postponed  till  the 
Common  Council  should  make  necessary  appropriation 
for  meeting  the  current  expenses  of  the  schools.  Some 
needed  repairs  to  school  buildings  were  however  ordered 
to  be  charged  to  the  city. 

On  May  2,  another  meeting  was  held,  at  which  the 
school  year  was  divided  into  three  terms  :  the  1st  to 
begin  May  8,  and  continue  13  weeks  ;  the  2d  to  begin 
September  18,  and  continue  14  weeks ;  the  3d  to  begin 
January  2,  and  continue  14  weeks. 

The  first  appointment  of  teachers  with  the  monthly 
salary  of  each  was  also  made,  as  follows  : 

District  No.    1,  Lewis  Cornelle,  $35 

"      8,  Edward  Smith,  35 

"    15,  John  B.  Brigham,  30 

"         "    16,  James  Johonnot,  35 

Delia  N.  Earl,  15 

"         "      4,  1ST.  P.  Stanton,  45 

Mrs.  N.  P.  Stanton,  18 

Miss  Palmer,  15 

"      5,  R.  R.  Stetson,  45 

Mrs.  R.  R.  Stetson,  16 


UNDER   CITY   SUPERVISION  47 

District  No.    5,  Miss  Martha  S.  Clapp,  $18 

Miss  Julia  A.  Vandenburg,     18 
"      6,  J.  B.  Beals,  35 

Miss  Hannah  Burnett,  15 

"    20,  Miss  A.  Bennett,  18 

"      7,  W.  W.  Newman,  50 

Miss  E.  E.  Williams,  18 

Miss  E.  Williams,  15 

Miss  J.  Brooks,  18 

Miss  S.  M.  Cox,  18 

Miss  R.  C.  Newman,  18 

"    10,  J.  M.  Winchell,  35 

Miss  A.  Barker,  15 

Miss  H.  Kingsley,  18 

Twenty-four  teachers  with  a  combined  total  salary  of 
$5,980,  with  ten  school  buildings,  four  of  them  having 
only  one  room,  two  others  having  two  rooms,  and  No. 
7,  the  largest,  employing  six  teachers  :  such  was  the 
beginning  of  the  Syracuse  schools.  At  the  next  meet- 
ing of  the  Board  steps  were  taken  for  building  the  first 
new  schoolhouse.  A  committee  was  appointed  to  choose 
a  lot,  make  plans  for  a  building  in  place  of  No.  1C  (now 
called  Jefferson  school),  in  the  First  Ward,  and  during 
the  building  of  the  new  house  to  rent  rooms  and  seat 
them  with  the  best  furniture,  such  as  -would  be  fit  to 
put  into  the  new  house  when  it  should  be  ready  for 
occupancy. 

Two  or  three  meetings  a  week  were  held  during  the 
organization  of  the  schools  at  which,  in  addition  to 


4$  HISTORY   Otf   THE   SCHOOLS   Of   SYRACUSE 

what  has  already  been  recorded,  the  standing  commit- 
tees were  appointed,  viz.:  executive,  finance,  teachers' 
and  visiting.  Resolutions  passed  required  at  the  open- 
ing of  the  morning  session  either  reading  of  the  Script- 
ures or  a  prayer  as  the  teacher  should  elect ;  the 
providing  of  books  for  all  indigent  pupils  ;  the  choice 
of  a  series  of  books  for  school  use  ;  the  purchase  of  a 
lot  for  the  new  building  for  No.  16,  on  the  corner  of 
Court  and  Salt  (now  Park)  streets  ;  the  adoption  of 
plans  and  the  letting  the  contract  for  the  building,  the 
entire  cost,  including  lot,  to  be  $3,000. 

On  June  15,  1848,  the  first  budget  for  school  expenses 
was  prepared  and  presented  to  the  Common  Council. 
The  estimates  were  for  teachers'  salaries,  $5,664  ;  for 
contingent  expenses,  $1,450  ;  for  Clerk  of  Board  of 
Education,  $500 ;  for  books  for  indigent  pupils,  $100  ; 
for  repairs,  $100 ;  for  lights,  fuel,  etc.,  $75  ;  for  print- 
ing, $50.  The  entire  expenses,  including  building, 
lot,  etc.,  made  a  total  of  $11,160. 

At  a  meeting  of  the  Board,  July  12,  it  was  decided  to 
close  the  schools  August  2  instead  of  the  5th  that  teach- 
ers might  be  able  to  attend  the  New  York  State  Teach- 
ers' Association  at  Auburn.  This  institution  had  been 
organized  three  years  before  in  this  city  and  had  already 
become  a  power  for  good  in  the  educational  centres  of 
the  State. 

The  rule  requiring  the  reading  of  the  Bible  at  the 
opening  of  the  morning  session,  passed  at  a  preceding 


tJNl)ER   CITY   SUPERVISION  49 

meeting,  had  caused  some  opposition,  and  much  dis- 
cussion through  the  summer  and  fall.  It  was  finally 
settled,  October  4,  by  changing  the  original  resolution 
so  as  to  permit  the  children  of  parents  or  guardians 
who  should  object,  to  be  absent  without  criticism  dur- 
ing such  reading. 

The  numbers  by  which  the  schools  had  been  desig- 
nated were  given  to  them  while  belonging  to  the  town 
of  Salina,  but  at  a  meeting  in  October  these  were  changed 
to  consecutive  numbers,  1  to  10  inclusive.  The  resig- 
nation of  Mr.  Beal  from  No.  6  was  accepted  and  Mr. 
McGonegal  was  appointed  to  the  position. 

No.  7  had  been  increasing  during  the  summer  so 
that  addition  to  teachers  became  necessary  and  the 
Misses  Harriet  Shane  and  Sarah  Wilkinson  were  ap- 
pointed. Miss  Wilkinson  died  in  Skaneateles  in  Sep- 
tember, 1S92. 

A  complaint  against  Principal  Stetson,  for  punishing 
a  boy,  was  investigated.  He  was  exonerated  for  inflicting 
the  punishment,  but  reproved  for  sending  home  the  books 
of  other  children  of  the  family.  A  similar  complaint 
against  Principal  Winchell  resulted  in  his  exoneration. 
Another  against  Principal  McGonegal  for  inconsiderate, 
injudicious,  and  unjustifiable  conduct  in  punishing  a 
boy  was  decided  against  the  teacher,  and  led  to  his 
dismissal. 

In  December  a  warrant  for  $3,000  was  drawn  in  favor 
of  Congdon  and  Carey  in  full  for  their  contracts  for 


JEFFEUSON  SCHOOL. 


UNbER   CITY   SUPERVISION  51 

the  building  and  lot  No.  16  (changed  to  No.  3). 
This  entirely  finished  the  payment  of  the  first  lot  and 
schoolhouse  built  by  the  city  of  Syracuse. 

The  resignation  of  Mr.  N.  P.  Stanton  and  wife  from 
No.  4  was  accepted.  Mr.  Stanton  had  received  an 
appointment  to  a  principalship  in  Buffalo,  which  was  a 
much  larger  city  and  offered  a  higher  salary.  By  this 
resignation,  Syracuse  lost  two  excellent  teachers. 

A  request  from  the  teachers  for  a  change  on  the 
ground  of  want  of  uniformity  in  the  different  editions 
of  Sanders"  Readers,  was  presented  to  the  Board,  but 
was  declined  upon  the  agreement  of  the  author  to  take 
up  all  old  editions,  free  of  charge,  and  replace  them 
with  the  revised  edition. 

February  19,  1849,  the  first  Annual  Report  of  the 
Board  of  Education  was  presented,  and  was  referred  to 
the  committee  to  prepare  for  publication.  .  It  contained 
the  following  statistics: 

Number  of  schools,  10 

Number  of  children  of  school  age,       -  3,724 

Number  of  children  taught  during  the  year,    3,250 
Number  in  daily  average  attendance,  1,201 

Money  received  from  the  city,  $  7,318.00 

Money  received  from  other  sources,     5,213.60 
Total,  12,531.60 

Number  of  children  taught  in  excess  of  pre- 
ceding year,  675 
Seating  accommodations,       -                         -  1,460 


52  HISTORY   OF  THE   SCHOOLS   OF   SYRACUSE 

Excess  of  pupils  of  school  age  over  accom- 
modations, 2,264 
Excess  of  pupils  not  registered  in  parochial 

schools,  -  2,091 

Of  the  ten  schools,  nine  were  presided  over  by  men 
principals  having  salaries  ranging  from  $30  to  $60  per 
month,  with  15  women  teachers,  at  salaries  ranging 
from  $15  to  $20  per  month. 

Total  cost  of  teachers'  wages,  $7,602.48 

Cost  of  tuition  per  pupil  on  average  at- 
tendance,     -  6.31 
Cost   of   tuition   per   pupil  on  registered 

attendance,  2.33 

Cost  of  building  No.  3  (now  Jeiferson 

school)  3,000. 

The  average  attendance  of  pupils  to  a  teacher  was  50. 
The  report  strongly  urged  the  erection  of  new  build- 
ings in  the  2d,  3d  and  4th  wards,  and  the  enlargement 
of  the  house  in  District  No.  6.  It  presented  the  work 
of  the  department  in  a  concise  and  comprehensive  man- 
ner and  made  clear  the  advantages  systematic  grading 
and  supervision  had  secured  to  the  city  schools. 

Commissioners  J.  P.  Babcock,  C.  M.  Bronson,  Dan- 
iel Bradley,  Oliver  Teal  and  Charles  A.  Wheaton 
retired  from  the  Board  after  one  year's  service,  and  they 
were  succeeded  by  Dr.  Wm.  H.  Hoyt,  Ira  A.  Thurber, 
Rev.  Robert  R.  Raymond,  J.  B.  Fitch  and  Dr.  P.  C. 
Samson. 


UNDER   CITY    SUPERVISION  53 

The  second  school  year  was  opened  by  the  organization 
of  the  Board,  March  12,  1849,  in  which  Captain  Putnam 
was  re-elected  president  and  A.  G.  Salisbury,  clerk. 
An  effort  was  made  to  reduce  Nos.  1,  2  and  8  to  prim- 
ary schools,  and  have  women  teachers  appointed  in  the 
place  of  men,  but  this  was  defeated  by  a  vote  of  5  to  3. 
The  appointment  of  teachers,  made  in  April,  by  wards, 
was  as  follows  : 

First    Ward. 

G.  N.  Harris,             principal,  No.  1 

Mary  E.  Grodevant,           "  "2 

Edward  Smith,  "    8 

James  Johonnot,*              "  "    3 

Delia  N.  Earll,             assistant  "    3 

Harriet  Davis,                   "  "    3 

Second  Ward. 

E.  E.  Stetson,  principal,  No.  5 

Martha  S.  Clapp,  assistant,        " 
Jane  Vandenburg,  "  " 

Mrs.  E.  E.  Stetson,  " 

D.  Caverno  Allen,  principal,  No.  4 

Helen  Palmer,  assistant,         " 

Harriet  Pomeroy,  principal,  No.  9 

Third   Ward. 
George  B.  Dennison,  principal,  No.  7 

*  Mr.  Johonnot's  appointment  was  conditioned  upon  his  dissolving  his 
connection  with  the  Literary  Union,  which  Messrs.  Winchell  and  Johonnot 
had  started  as  an  educational  magazine. 


54  HISTOKY   OF   THE   SCHOOLS   OF   SYRACUSE 

Emma  Williams,         assistant,    No.  7 

Sarah  Williams, 

Angelina  Butts,  "  " 

Elizabeth  Williams, 

C.  R.  McCombs, 

Fourth    Ward. 

Lewis  Cornelle,         principal,  No.    6 
Hannah  Burnett,      assistant,         " 
J.  B.  Brigham,          principal,  No.  10 
Mary  Baum,  assistant,        " 

On  account  of  a  protest  against  Principal  Brigham's 
appointment  in  No.  2  he  was  transferred  to  No.  10, 
and  complaints  having  been  made  against  W.  W.  New- 
man he  withdrew  from  No.  7,  the  Board  by  resolution 
having  vindicated  his  character  from  the  assaults  made 
upon  it.  Later  in  the  summer  at  Mr.  Newman's  re- 
quest a  paper  signed  by  the  president  and  clerk  was 
prepared  for  him,  stating  that  Mr.  Newman  was  not 
dismissed  from  No.  7  for  infidelity  or  any  cause  affect- 
ing his  moral  character. 

At  a  meeting  in  May  of  this  year  a  resolution  was 
passed  fixing  the  first  Thursday  as  the  regular  time  for 
holding  the  meetings  of  the  Board.  This  regulation 
has  continued  in  force  until  the  present  time  without 
change. 

In  October  of  this  year  Mr.  Johonnot  was  charged 
with  undue  severity  and  indiscretion,  and  Mr.  Stetson 
was  under  criticism  for  extending  a  leave  of  absence 


W.   \V.  NEWMAN. 


56  HISTORY   OF  THE   SCHOOLS   OF   SYRACUSE 

beyond  the  time  specified.  Both  of  these  cases  were 
amicably  settled.  From  these  cases  and  those  men- 
tioned as  having  occurred  the  year  before,  it  will  be 
noticed  as  of  common  occurrence  for  the  Board  to 
receive  complaints  against  teachers  for  punishment 
inflicted  and  for  various  other  causes.  This  continued 
for  several  years,  although  with  less  frequency. 

The  salary  of  the  principal  of  No.  8  was  fixed  at  $38 
per  month.  Mr.  Lewis  Cornelle,  principal  of  No.  6, 
resigned  his  position  to  accept  a  better  offer  in  the  city 
of  Buffalo.  He  was  a  thorough,  enthusiastic  teacher 
and  had  the  confidence  of  all  his  associates,  his  patrons 
and  pupils.  Everyone  regretted  his  determination  to 
leave  the  city. 

In  answer  to  an  article  published  in  the  Reveilee  of 
this  city,  the  following  communication  signed  by  a 
large  number  of  the  teachers  was  read  and  ordered 
printed  in  the  above  named  paper. 

"  To  the  Board  of  Education  > 

"  We,  the  undersigned,  teachers  in 
your  employ,  ask  leave,  respectfully,  to  present  the  fol- 
lowing. Having  noticed  in  an  article  which  recently 
appeared  in  the  Syracuse  Reveilee  over  the  signature  of 
'  Justice ',  certain  charges  against  the  Clerk  of  the 
Board  which  we  believe  not  only  to  be  inconsistejnt  with 
the  principles  of  justice,  but  utterly  at  variance  with 
the  facts,  and  libellous,  we  take  occasion,  therefore, 
through  this  medium  to  offer  you  the  testimony  of  our 
experience  and  observation  under  his  supervision. 


UNDER   CITY   SUPERVISION  57 

"  Without  wishing  in  any  way  to  identify  ourselves  in 
the  discussion  now  going  on  before  the  public,  we 
nevertheless  feel  constrained,  by  our  love  of  right  and 
the  appreciation  of  the  ability  and  fidelity  of  Mr.  Salis- 
bury, to  testify  that  we  have  uniformly  found  him 
zealously  interested  in  everything  affecting  the  welfare 
of  our  schools  and  the  interests  of  education  ;  uniformly 
free  to  counsel  and  encourage.  We  would  also  take 
occasion  to  express  the  pleasure  and  confidence  with 
which  we  cheerfully  cooperate  with  him  in  our  great 
common  cause." 

This  was  signed  by  two-thirds  of  the  teachers.  At 
the  next  meeting  of  the  Board  the  above  communica- 
tion was  received,  ordered  placed  on  the  records,  and 
the  following  resolution  was  unanimously  adopted  : 

"  Resolved,  That  in  the  communication  made  to  this 
Board  by  Mr.  Salisbury  in  which  reference  has  neces- 
sarily been  had  to  character  and  qualifications  of  the 
teachers  of  the  public  schools,  he  has  always  mani- 
fested a  careful  regard  for  their  character  and  interests." 

At  a  meeting  held  in  December,  1849,  the  following 
appointments  of  teachers  were  made  and  the  salary  of 
each  affixed. 

No.    1.     G.  N.  Harris,  $38 

2.  G.  N.  Taylor,  35 
8.     Edward  Smith,  38 

3.  G.  D.  Eeynolds,  40 
Mrs.  G.  D.  Reynolds,        18 


58  HISTORY    OF   THE   SCHOOLS   OF   SYRACUSE 

No.    3.     Delia  N.  Earll,  18 

Clara  M.  Judd,  15 

4.  D.  Caverno  Allen,  45 
Henrietta  White,  18 
Hannah  Pomeroy,  15 

9.     Hiram  Wyard,  20 

5.  R.  R.  Stetson,  48 
Mrs.  R.  R.  Stetson,  16 
Jane  Vandenburg,  18 
Martha  S.  Clapp,  18 

6.  Hannah  Bennett,  15 

7.  A.  G.  Salisbury,  60 
Mrs.  A.  G.  Salisbury,  20 
Sarah  Wilkinson,  18 
Angelina  Butts,  16 
Eliza  Williams,  22 
Anna  McCombs,  15 

10.     J.  B.  Brigham,  40 

Frances  Larabee,  18 

Almira  Barker,  15 

Mr.  Salisbury  having  made  known  his  intention  to 
resign  his  clerkship,  his  appointment  as  principal  to 
No.  7  was  made  before  his  resignation  was  made  public. 

Mr.  Salisbury  had  served  as  clerk  one  year,  ten 
months,  and  during  that  time  had  done  an  immense 
amount  of  work  in  organizing  the  department.  In 
retiring,  Mr.  Salisbury  read  a  communication  thanking 
the  Board  for  the  support  and  help  he  had  received 


UNDER   CITY   SUPERVISION  59 

from  the  members,  individually  and  as  a  body,  and  for 
his  appointment  as  principal  of  No.  7.  On  motion  of 
Commissioner  R.  R.  Raymond,  complimentary  resolu- 
tions were  passed  in  Mr.  Salisbury's  behalf. 

On  January  10,  1850,  a  ballot  for  clerk  was  taken, 
and  Alvan  Lathrop  was  declared  elected,  but  declined 
the  position.  On  February  1,  W.  L.  Crandall  received 
five  votes  and  was  elected  clerk,  at  a  salary  of  $500. 

The  2d  fiscal  year  having  come  to  a  close,  at  a  meeting 
held  February  18,  the  Annual  Report  was  read  and 
adopted.  An  abstract  of  that  report  gives  the  follow- 
ing items  : 

Total  expenditure  for  1849,  $10,631.26 

Whole  number  of  schools,  10 

Average  number  of  teachers,  25 

Number  of  children  between  5  and  16,  4,121 

Number  of  children  taught  in  the  schools,       3,121 
Average  number  in  daily  attendance,  1,266 

Increase  over  last  year,  -       65 

Number  of  children  to  a  teacher,  51 

Number  of  sittings  provided,  1,460 

Number  of  children  on  Register,  Jan.  1,1850,  2,193 
Excess  of  registry  over  accommodations,  733 

Number  of  children  in  parochial  schools,  650 

Cost  of  tuition  in  private  schools,       -  $19.60 

Cost  of  tuition  in  public  schools,  $5.95 

Estimated  value  of  school  property,  $28,000 

Number  of  volumes  in  libraries  3,550 


(50  HISTORY   OF  THE   SCHOOLS   OF   SYRACUSE 

Number  of  volumes  drawn  during  the  year,     7,764 

Salaries  of  principals,  from  $300  to  $600 

Salaries  of  assistants,  from  -       $150  to  $220 

Accompanying  this  statistical  report  was  a  strong 
appeal  for  increased  appropriations  for  providing  sit- 
tings for  all  children  in  the  city.  The  penitentiary  had 
just  been  built  at  a  cost  of  $20,000,  and  the  city  could 
and  should  raise  $5,000  this  season  instead  of  $1,500, 
which  the  charter  prescribes,  for  new  buildings  and  for 
repairs.  Present  accommodations  would  provide  for 
only  one-half  of  the  children.  Schools  by  resolution 
closed  one  week  that  teachers  might  attend  the  Teach- 
ers' Institute. 

This  closes  the  records  of  the  2d  year  under  the  new 
system  and  a  comparison  of  the  statistical  tables  shows 
great  progress. 

The  spring  election  of  1850  made  the  new  Board  of 
Education  consist  of  the  following  members  : 

First  Ward.—  John  McCarthy  and  William  H.  Hoyt. 

Second  Ward. — John  Wilkinson  and  Ira  A.  Thurber. 

Third  Ward. — Hiram  Putnam  and  R.  R.  Raymond. 

Fourth  Ward. — P.  0.  Samson  and  Chas.  A.  Wheaton. 
Captain  Putnam  was  elected  the  third  time  for  presi- 
dent. 

At  a  meeting  March  21  to  consider  the  appointment 
of  teachers  a  proposition  was  again  presented  for  reduc- 
ing Nos.  1,  2  and  8  to  primary  schools.  The  commis- 
sioners of  the  First  Ward  objected  to  the  change,  but 


CITY   SUPERVISION  61 

after  Mr.  Harris  was  appointed  to  fill  a  vacancy  in  No. 
G  school,  no  objection  was  made  to  changing  No.  1  to 
a  primary  school. 

Mr.  Salisbury  informed  the  Board  that  he  could  not 
consent  to  remain  another  year  for  $000.  A  committee 
was  appointed  to  consult  with  Mr.  Salisbury,  the  Board 
not  feeling  at  liberty  to  increase  his  salary,  already  the 
highest  paid.  After  making  partial  appointments  the 
Board  adjourned  for  a  week  when  the  committee  re- 
ported that  Mr.  Salisbury  would  engage  for  the  first 
part  of  year  at  the  rate  of  $600,  but  if  longer  employed 
it  must  be  at  the  rate  of  $700.  The  list  of  teachers 
remained  unchanged,  except  that  Mr.  Harris  was  trans- 
ferred to  the  principalship  of  No.  6,  as  heretofore 
mentioned,  and  Miss  Mary  Ann  Dawson  was  appointed 
teacher  in  No.  1. 

A  remonstrance  of  Mr.  McKinstry  and  others  against 
longer  retaining  Mr.  Allen  in  No.  4  was  sent  to  the 
Board,  and  Mr.  Allen  was  asked  to  respond  in  writing. 
Mr.  Brigham,  principal  of  No.  10,  also  came  into  dis- 
favor, and  the  patrons  sent  in  a  memorial  asking  for 
his  removal.  Both  of  these  cases  were  referred  for 
further  investigation.  The  result  was  favorable  to  the 
principals. 

During  the  session  of  the  Legislature  the  city  charter 
had  been  so  amended  that  an  expenditure  of  $3,500  a 
year  was  allowed  for  building  purposes,  and  a  discus- 
sion came  up  in  the  Board  as  to  the  advisability  of 


62         HISTO&Y  OF  THE  SCHOOLS  OF 

entering  into  contract  for  the  expenditure  of  $7,000, 
one-half  to  be  paid  the  first  year  and  the  balance  the 
next.  This  was  laid  over  for  further  investigation.  A 
committee  was  appointed  to  look  over  the  several 
wards  and  report  the  number  of  new  houses  needed, 
and  where  they  should  be  located. 

The  difficulty  of  finding  room  for  all  applicants  was 
so  great  that  the  Board  offered  to  pay  the  tuition  of  all 
pupils  living  near  the  borders  if  they  would  attend 
schools  outside  the  city  for  a  period  of  four  months. 
The  clerk  recommended  a  small  increase  in  the  salary 
of  teachers  where  additional  duties  had  been  put  upon 
them  or  special  ability  was  manifested.  He  also 
recommended  additional  rooms  and  teachers  in  the  1st, 
3d  and  4th  Wards;  also  that  new  buildings  be  erected 
in  three  districts  by  raising  the  funds  available  for  three 
years  in  one  year.  He  further  recommended  the  addi- 
tion of  ten  more  teachers  and  an  increase  in  the  salary 
of  janitors. 

The  budget  for  the  current  year  called  for  the  follow- 
ing items : 

For  teachers'  wages,  $7,923.57 

Other  current  expenses,  1,711.57 

To  be  raised  by  the  city,     -  7,500.00 

From  Assessment  No.  5,  indebtedness  at 

organizaton  of  the  city,  -  500.00 

Assessment  on  No.  6,  same  reason,  323.00 

For  new  buildings,               -            -  3,500.00 


UNDER  CITY  SUPERVISION  63 

It  had  been  decided  that  the  plan  for  raising  two  or 
three  years'  appropriation  in  one  year  was  illegal. 
After  the  budget  had  been  agreed  upon,  Mr.  Crandall 
resigned  the  position  of  clerk  of  the  Board  of  Educa- 
tion, and  the  first  business  of  the  meeting  held  July, 
1850,  was  the  election  of  a  clerk.  On  the  first  ballot 
A.  G.  Salisbury  received  five  votes,  and  for  the  second 
time  was  declared  clerk  of  the  Board.  The  competitors 
for  the  position  were  Dr.  Stanley  of  Corning,  and  L.  J. 
Gillett  of  this  city.  A  loan  of  $1,500  for  the  payment 
of  the  teachers  was  made  and  the  term  closed. 

J.  B.  Brigham,  on  account  of  the  hostility  toward 
him  in  No.  10  asked  that  he  might  be  transferred  to 
another  school  should  a  vacancy  occur.  By  the  resigna- 
tion of  Mr.  Salisbury  as  principal  and  Miss  Butts  as 
assistant  in  No.  7,  two  vacancies  were  to  be  filled  the 
next  term.  During  the  months  of  August  and  Sep- 
tember the  appointments  of  teachers  for  the  remainder 
of  the  school  year  were  completed  and  were  as  follows  : 

Salary. 

No.     1.     Sarah  E.  Evans,  $20 

"      2.     Delia  N.  Earll,  20 

"      3.     George  L.  Farnham,  principal,       50 

Mrs.  G.  L.  Farnham,  assistant,       18 

Clara  M.  Judd,  "  18 

Harriet  Davis,  "  15 

"      4.     D.  Caverno  Allen,      principal,       50 

Henrietta  B.  White,    assistant,        20 

Harriet  Hull,  "  16 


64  HISTORY   OF  THE   SCHOOLS   0£   SYRACUSE 

No.    5.     R.  R.  Stetson,  principal,       50 

Mrs.  R.  R.  Stetson,    assistant,        16 

Elizabeth  T.  Morgan,       "  20 

Jane  A.  Vaiidenburg,       "  18 

"      G.     G.  N.  Harris,  principal,       45 

Hannah  Burnett,        assistant,        18 

"      7.     Wm.  Van  Brocklin,  principal,       50 

Martha  S.  Clapp,         assistant,        20 

Sarah  Wilkinson,  "  20 

Lucy  A.  Simons,  "  18 

Kate  Crawford,  "  1C 

Mrs.  A.  G.  Salisbury,      "  22 

"      8.     Edward  Smith,  principal,       40 

Mrs.  E.  Smith,*          assistant,        16 

"      9.     Silas  Betts,  principal,       30 

Mrs.  G.  D.  Reynolds,  assistant,        22 

"    10.     J.  B.  Brigham,  principal,       45 

Frances  Larabee,         assistant,        18 

Almira  Barker,  "  16 

A  petition,  from  39  of  the  patrons,  sent  to  the  Board 

asking  for  the  removal  of  Mr.  Brigham  from  the  prin- 

cipalship  of  No.  10,  was  laid  upon  the  table. 

Up  to  this  time  the  office  of  the  Board  had  had 
no  permanent  abiding  place,  but  meetings  had  been 
held  in  rented  rooms  where  vacant  stores  and  offices 
could  be  found  at  nominal  cost.  Now  convenient,  suit- 
able rooms  were  provided  in  the  north  end  of  the  lower 
floor  of  the  City  Hall  building. 


*  Resigned  during  the  year,  and  Aurora  Turner  became  assistant. 


CITY   SUPERVISION"  65 

A  resolution,  passed  at  the  September  meeting,  called 
for  proposals  for  three  new  school-houses,  one  near  the 
old  Court  House,  on  North  Salina  street,  one  south  of 
No.  7,  and  one  in  District  No.  9.  At  a  later  meeting 
the  proposal  for  a  school-house  in  District  No.  9  was 
abandoned  and  the  one  on  the  north  side  was  located 
on  Ash  street,  corner  of  Townsend  ;  and  the  other  on 
Montgomery  street,  between  Adams  and  Jackson  streets. 
The  contracts  were  signed,  and  a  building  committee 
appointed. 

The  lots  were  8x8  and  8x9  rods  respectively.  Both 
houses  were  of  the  same  design  and  were  to  cost  13,200 
each.  The  one  on  Ash  street  was  to  be  completed  the 
1st  of  October,  and  the  other  in  December  following. 

About  this  time  a  petition  for  the  removal  of  Mr. 
Allen  from  the  principalship  of  No.  4  was  sent  to  the 
Board  and  the  matter  was  referred  to  the  ward  com- 
missioners and  the  intererested  parties  for  settlement, 
with  the  understanding  that  if  they  failed  to  agree,  it 
should  be  referred  to  the  full  Board.  The  report 
brought  in  at  the  next  meeting  sustained  Mr.  Allen 
and  exonerated  him. 

The  adoption  of  a  list  of  text-books  after  an  investi- 
gation of  the  subjects  resulted  in  the  choice  of  the  fol- 
lowing list : 

Readers. — Webb's  Cards,  Sanders's  Complete  Series. 
Geography.  —  Smith's  Primary,    Mitchell's   Quarto, 
Woodbridge's  Higher. 


66  HISTORY   0$  THE   SCHOOLS   Of   SYRACUSE 

Grammar. — Green's  First  Lessons,  Green's  Analysis. 

History. — Wilson's  United  States. 

Physiology. — Cutter's  Hygiene. 

Natural  Philosophy. — Perkins's  Series. 

Astronomy. — Matterson's  Bassett. 

Arithmetic. — Stoddard's  Juvenile  (mental),  Colburn's 
First  Lessons  (mental),  Greenleaf's  Common  School, 
Greenleaf  s  National. 

Algebra. — Davis's  Elementary,  Davis's  Legendre. 

Chemistry.  — Silliman's. 

Penmanship. — Spencer  and  Rice's. 

Drawing. — Otis's  Cards. 

Dictionary. — Webster's  Quarto  and  Academic. 

This  was  the  first  complete  list  of  books  adopted  by 
action  of  the  full  Board. 

No.  5  having  become  overcrowded,  was  relieved  by 
fitting  up  a  room  in  the  basement  at  much  less  expense 
than  to  rent  a  room  and  furnish  it.  Miss  Laura  A. 
Huntington  was  put  in  charge  of  it.  Mrs.  Salisbury  of 
No.  7  and  Miss  Larabee  of  No.  10  resigned  their  posi- 
tions and  their  places  were  filled  by  the  appointment 
of  Charlotte  Beebe  and  Rosetta  Pruyn. 

Miss  Aurora  H.  Turner  of  No.  8,  having  received  an 
appointment  to  the  Albany  Normal  School,  resigned, 
and  her  place  was  filled  by  the  appointment  of  her  sis- 
ter, Ellen  C.  Turner. 


CHARLES  A.  WHEATON. 


68  HISTORY   OP   THE    SCHOOLS   OF   SYRACUSE 

By  comparing  the  third  Annual  Report  with  the  first 
we  find  the  number  registered  50  less,  while  the  aver- 
age daily  attendance  is  258  greater.  This,  in  a  marked 
degree,  shows  the  value  of  giving  close  attention  to  the 
daily  record  of  each  pupil,  and  to  critical,  intelligent 
supervision. 

The  fourth  year  of  school  history  under  city  manage- 
ment began  March  15,  1851.  After  two  years  of  service 
Commissioner  W.  H.  Hoyt  of  the  First  Ward  was  suc- 
ceeded by  Charles  B.  Scott,  and  Commissioner  I.  A. 
Thurber  of  the  Second  Ward,  by  J.  C.  Hanchett.  Mr. 
Hanchett  resigned  during  the  year,  and  Alanson  Thorp 
was  appointed  in  his  place.  Commissioner  Williston 
from  the  Third  Ward,  retired  after  one  and  a  half  years' 
service,  and  was  followed  by  Rev.  Wm.  Bliss  Ashley. 
Commissioner  P.  0.  Samson  after  two  years'  service 
retired  from  the  Board  and  was  followed  by  Charles  A. 
Wheaton.  The  president  and  clerk  of  the  preceding 
year  were  unanimously  re-elected. 

The  president  stated  that  Principal  Farnham,  of  No. 
3,  was  inclined  to  resign,  having  received  a  much  bet- 
ter offer  at  Rome,  and  recommended  some  action  of  the 
Board  that  his  services  might  be  retained  in  the  city. 
A  resolution  was  passed  by  which  Mr.  Farnham  was 
offered  $750  for  the  services  of  himself  and  wife  for  one 
year,  this  engagement  being  on  the  express  condition 
that  they  should  sign  a  written  contract. 


,  A.  SHELDON. 


70  HISTORY    OF   THE   SCHOOLS   OF   SYRACUSE 

Mr.  Salisbury  again  resigned  the  clerkship,  to  take 
effect  May  1.  E.  A.  Sheldon  and  J.  B.  Brigham  were 
applicants  for  the  position,  Mr.  Sheldon  being  suc- 
cessful. 

The  Onondaga  County  Institute,  which  had  grown 
into  a  strong  institution,  was  given  the  use  of  No.  7  for 
its  annual  session,  on  condition  that  the  rooms  should 
be  left  in  good  order  for  the  opening  of  the  spring 
term. 

The  list  of  teachers  for  the  term  commencing  the 
first  of  May  was  essentially  the  same  as  at  the  last 
appointment,  except  that  Principal  Allen  of  No.  4  had 
accepted  a  position  at  Rome,  and  Mr.  Brigham  was 
transferred  to  the  place.  Myron  H.  Wheaton,  a  gradu- 
ate of  the  Albany  State  Normal  School,  was  appointed 
to  the  principalship  of  No.  10. 

Mr.  Allen  having  asked  for  a  commendatory  letter 
signed  by  the  president  and  clerk  of  the  Board,  a  resolu- 
tion was  passed  ordering  his  request  to  be  granted.  Some 
time  afterward  a  note  from  Mr.  Allen  appeared  in  the 
Syracuse  Standard,  stating  that  a  private  and  insulting 
note  had  been  sent  to  him,  but  he  had  not  received  the 
one  ordered  by  the  Board.  At  the  meeting  May  1st, 
1851,  Mr.  Sheldon  was  asked  for  an  explanation,  and 
said  Mr.  Allen  had  made  remarks  derogatory  to  the 
Board  of  Education,  which  had  caused  him  to  decline 
to  prepare  the  paper  asked  for.  This  explanation  was 
satisfactory  and  the  resolution  ordering  complimentary 
statements  was  rescinded. 


UNDER   CITY   SUPERVISION  71 

We  have  recorded  several  complaints  from  patrons  of 
schools  against  principals  and  teachers  for  various 
causes  and  now  we  record  one  instituted  by  a  principal 
against  a  patron.  G.  N.  Harris,  principal  of  No.  6, 
made  complaint  against  a  Mr.  Harrington  and  son  for 
abusive  language  and  interference  with  the  discipline  of 
the  school.  The  parties  were  cited  to  appear  before 
the  Board  and  after  a  full  hearing  of  the  case  the  fol- 
lowing was  adopted  : 

' '  Resolved,  That  this  Board  after  an  impartial  exam- 
ination of  the  matter  between  Mr.  Harris  and  Mr. 
Harrington  and  son  are  satisfied  that  the  assault  upon 
Mr.  Harris  was  unprovoked  and  unjustifiable,,  and  that 
we  do  not  find  anything  in  the  conduct  of  Mr.  Harris  to 
censure. 

"  Resolved,  That  our  confidence  in  him  as  a  teacher 
is  unimpaired." 

Miss  H.  B.  White  resigned  to  accept  a  better  offer, 
and  Miss  Harriet  Shew  was  appointed  in  her  place. 
Miss  Emma  Brace  was  also  appointed  assistant  in  No. 
4,  in  place  of  Miss  Hull,  resigned. 

At  the  June  meeting  of  the  Board  the  building  com- 
mittee reported  that  the  new  school  building,  No.  11, 
was  so  far  completed  that  the  school  had  commenced  in 
it,  though  the  outside  was  not  all  finished  ;  and  that 
180  pupils  were  in  attendance.  The  transfer  of  Mr. 
Betts  from  No.  9  to  No.  11  as  principal  was  approved  ; 


MB.  AND  MRS.  BETTS, 


UNDER   CITY   SUPERVISION  73 

also  the  appointment  of  Miss  H.  B.  White  to  the  princi- 
pal of  No.  9,  at  a  salary  of  $20  per  month. 

The  first  money  to  be  appropriated  for  supplying 
books,  etc.,,  for  any  but  indigent  pupils  was  set  apart  at 
this  meeting  for  the  purchase  of  song  books,  drawing 
cards,  and  Spencer  and  Rice's  copies. 

At  the  meeting  in  July,  1851,  the  annual  budget  was 
adopted.  The  clerk  asked  leave  of  absence  that  he 
might  attend  the  State  Teachers'  Association  at  Buffalo, 
August  6  and  7,  and  that  the  next  monthly  meeting  be 
held  August  9. 

A  special  meeting  for  the  appointment  of  teachers 
was  held  August  11,  and  resulted  in  renewing  the 
appointments  made  in  May,  with  slight  changes  made 
necessary  by  opening  No.  12,  to  which  Edward  Smith 
was  removed  as  principal  and  the  Misses  H.  B.  and  her 
sister  Louise  White  were  appointed  assistants.  At  a 
later  meeting,  Galen  Wilson  was  appointed  principal 
of  No.  8,  from  which  Mr.  Smith  had  been  transferred. 

No.  12  was  in  a  district,  even  at  that  time,  comprised 
largely  of  Germans,  and  it  was  natural  that  parents 
should  desire  to  have  their  children  instructed  in  their 
native  tongue.  A  petition  was  presented  asking  for  a 
German  teacher.  While  they  did  not  immediately 
secure  this,  we  shall  see  that  at  a  later  day  they  suc- 
ceeded. 

After  ordering  a  loan  of  $2,900  for  the  payment  of 
teachers  in  anticipation  of  the  collection  of  the  city 


74  HISTORY   OF   THE   SCHOOLS   OF   SYRACUSE 

taxes,  and  ordering  that  the  summer  vacation  occupy 
four  weeks,  the  fall  term  to  commence  September  15, 
the  Board  adjourned. 

It  will  be  noticed  that  teachers  did  not  receive  pay 
for  their  services  except  at  the  end  of  the  term,  and  in 
some  instances  then  only  in  orders  on  the  city  treas- 
urer, to  be  paid  when  the  taxes  were  collected.  Many 
of  those  engaged  in  teaching  were  obliged  to  get  trusted 
for  board,  clothing  and  other  necessaries,  with  the 
understanding  of  the  creditors  that  they  would  be  paid 
at  the  close  of  the  term.  Such  promises  could  only  be 
kept  by  getting  these  orders  cashed  less  the  discount. 
Many  of  the  employees  suffered  not  only  from  small 
compensation,  but  from  loss  in  buying  on  time  with 
the  further  loss  of  deductions  for  interest.  The  Board 
were  not  to  blame  for  this.  They  depended  upon  the 
city  for  the  means  to  carry  on  the  schools  ;  taxes  were 
not  paid  till  late  in  the  fall  or  winter,  while  contracts 
were  made  early  in  the  season.  Thus  without  means 
at  the  command  of  the  city  except  by  making  loans, 
the  Common  Council  preferred  to  allow  employees  to 
wait  for  tax  collection.  I  suppose  this  was  true  in  all 
departments  of  the  city  government. 

As  has  been  previously  stated,  No.  9  was  situated  on 
West  street.  The  lot  was  small,  being  50  x  100  feet. 
In  September  of  this  year  this  lot  was  exchanged  by  a 
payment  of  $50,  for  a  lot  on  Seymour  street,  8  rods 
square.  This  lot  was  afterward  increased  by  purchas- 


UNDER    CITY    SUPERVISION  75 

ing  a  slip  from  the  Trinity  Church  Society,  making  a 
lot  of  10  rods  frontage. 

During  the  summer  vacation,  Principal  R.  R.  Stet- 
son was  suddenly  removed  by  death.  His  funeral  was 
held  in  the  old  Congregational  church,  on  East  Gene- 
see  street,  on  ground  occupied  by  Convention  Hall  for 
many  years.  The  funeral  was  attended  by  a  large  num- 
ber of  teachers  and  others  interested  in  education.  Mr. 
Stetson  was  a  thorough  instructor,  of  kind  impulses 
and  generous  heart.  He  was  a  strict  disciplinarian, 
some  thought  severe.  Some  of  his  old  pupils  can  testify 
to  his  agility  and  strength,  when  with  his  one  arm  he 
would  throw  the  delinquent  across  his  knee  and  apply 
the  ruler  with  repeated  and  well-directed  blows  not 
soon  to  be  forgotten.  Notwithstanding  these  not  often 
recurring  scenes  he  was  beloved  and  honored  by  his 
pupils.  The  Board  passed  the  following  : 

"  Resolved,  That,  in  the  death  of  Mr.  Stetson,  the 
Board  of  Education  and  the  cause  have  lost  an  able, 
efficient  teacher  :  one  whose  entire  energies  were  devoted 
to  the  cause  in  which  he  labored. 

"  Resolved,  That  the  clerk  be  desired  to  enter  these 
resolutions  upon  the  records,  and  transmit  a  copy  to 
Mrs.  Stetson,  with  the  respectful  assurance  of  our  sym- 
pathy and  condolence  with  her  in  this  hour  of  bereave- 
ment." 

Mr.  C.  0.  Roundy  was  appointed  to  the  principalship 
of  No.  5  to  succeed  Mr.  Stetson, 


CHARLES  O.  ROUND Y. 


UNDER    CITY    SUPERVISION  7^ 

An  addition  was  made  to  the  lot  of  No.  3  of  4  x  11 
rods,  at  a  cost  of  $600. 

All  children  using  pen  and  ink  were  required  to  pur- 
chase sets  of  copies  provided  by  the  Board,  and  teach- 
ers were  forbidden  to  set  copies.  This  was  regarded  by 
some  of  the  pupils  and  patrons  as  an  arbitrary  enact- 
ment. Teachers  however  considered  it  a  great  relief, 
for  it  was  not  an  easy  task  for  one  to  make  from  50  to 
100  pens  from  goose  quills,  some  of  which  were  not  of 
the  best,  and  to  write  the  same  number  of  copies 
between  the  close  of  school  and  before  time  for  com- 
mencing the  next  morning  session.  It  must  be  remem- 
bered this  was  before  the  steel  pen  had  come  into  use. 

In  February,  1852,  Mr.  Betts's  salary  was  raised  to 
$50  per  month.  The  Annual  Report  of  the  Clerk,  E.  A. 
Sheldon,  was  sent  to  the  Common  Council,  with  the 
request  that  it  be  published  in  pamphlet  form.  This 
was  the  4th  Annual  Report,  and  the  first  one  so  pub- 
lished. 

All  lower  grades  were  overcrowded,  notwithstanding 
the  increased  facilities  added  during  the  year.  The 
year  closed  with  better  classification  and  grading,  more 
complete  courses  of  study,  a  better  system  of  penman- 
ship, the  introduction  of  music,  the  holding  of  weekly 
teachers'  meetings,  a  more  perfect  settlement  of  district 
boundaries,  and  the  discouragement  of  corporal  pun- 
ishment. 


78  HISTORY   OF  THE   SCHOOLS   OF   SYRACUSE 

A  plea  for  a  high  school  was  strongly  presented,  and 
one  was  greatly  needed  to  complete  the  school  system. 
Four  years  had  passed  and  no  definite  action  had  been 
taken  towards  accomplishing  this  much  desired  object. 

At  the  last  meeting  in  this  fiscal  year,  February  25, 
1852,  Mr.  Farnham's  salary  was  increased  to  $70  per 
month,  and  Mrs.  Farnham's  to  $20,  in  order  to  retain 
their  services,  as  he  had  been  offered  a  position  at  Buf- 
falo at  $750  a  year.  Greater  advancements  in  all  de- 
partments of  school  work  had  been  made  during  this 
than  during  any  preceding  year  since  the  city  organi- 
zation. 

March  4,  1852,  at  its  final  meeting,  the  old  Board 
recommended  the  opening  of  two  evening  schools  the 
coming  year  for  the  benefit  of  such  young  persons  as 
are  compelled  to  work  during  the  day.  The  retiring 
commissioners  were,  John  McCarthy  from  the  First 
Ward,  John  Wilkinson  from  the  Second  Ward,  and 
Hiram  Putnam  from  the  Third  Ward.  Captain  Put- 
nam had  also  served  as  president  of  the  Board  since  its 
organization.  In  his  remarks  in  closing  his  work  as 
a  commissioner,  Captain  Putnam  said  the  schools  were 
never  in  so  good  condition  and  everything  looked  prom- 
ising for  the  future  interests  of  this  department  of  city 
work.  He  urged  thorough  and  vigorous  watchfulness 
on  the  part  of  those  who  were  to  have  the  future  respon- 
sibility of  this  important  trust,  and  pledged  that  his 
utmost  efforts  should  be  added.  A  hearty,  earnest  and 
sincere  vote  of  thanks  was  tendered  to  him. 


UNDER   CITY  SUPERVISION  79 

The  new  Board  immediately  convened.  The  new 
commissioners  were  James  Lynch  of  the  First  Ward, 
John  B.  Burnett  of  the  Second  Ward,  and  Lewis  J. 
Gillett  of  the  Third  Wrard.  Captain  Putnam  was 
invited  to  sit  with  the  new  Board. 

Charles  A.  Wheaton  was  elected  president,  and  Mr. 
Sheldon  was  re-elected  clerk,  at  a  salary  of  $700. 

At  a  meeting  held  April  5,  the  fiscal  and  school  years 
were  both  made  to  begin  January  1,  and  end  with 
December.  This  rule  did  not  stand  long,  for  the  State 
school  year  at  that  time  began  October  1.  This  made 
it  necessary  for  two  annual  school  reports  each  year. 

It  was  at  this  meeting  that  the  project  of  establishing 
a  central  library  originated,  and  a  committee  was  ap- 
pointed to  recommend  a  plan.  A  report  was  made 
combining  all  the  district  libraries  into  one,  to  be  called 
the  Central  Library.  Commissioner  Lynch  asked  that 
the  First  Ward  be  exempted  from  this  combination,  on 
account  of  the  great  distance  children  and  older  citi- 
zens would  have  to  go  to  get  the  benefit  to  be  derived 
from  the  library.  Branches  of  the  Central  Library  were 
established  at  School  No.  3  in  the  Fifth  Ward,  in  Lodi 
school,  and  in  the  City  Hall  building. 

At  a  meeting  held  April  23,  Mrs.  Farnham  from  No. 
3,  and  Myron  Wheaton  from  No.  10,  resigned  their 
positions.  Mr.  Wheaton's  resignation  was  afterward 
withdrawn.  Miss  Maria  Isham  was  transferred  from 
No.  4  to  Mrs.  Farnham's  place. 


80  HISTO&Y   OF   THE    SCHOOLS    OF   SYttACtTSfi 

A  contract  was  given  to  A.  L.  Mason  for  enlarging 
No.  8  and  building  a  new  house  in  District  No.  D,  con- 
ditioned on  his  accepting  $3,500  during  the  current 
year  and  the  remainder  the  next  year. 

The  office  of  the  Board  was  put  in  better  condition 
and  new  book-cases  were  ordered  for  the  Central  Li- 
brary. 

A  committee  which  had  been  appointed  to  consider  the 
subjects  of  absence  and  tardiness  made  the  following 
report  : 

"Any  pupil  who  shall  have  been  absent  to  the 
amount  of  three  school  days  in  any  term,  except  by 
reason  of  sickness,  sickness  in  the  family,  or  absence 
from  the  city,  shall  not  be  entitled  to  continue  or  be 
admitted  to  any  other  school  until  duly  restored  by  the 
ward  commissioner  ;  and  three  cases  of  tardiness  shall 
be  equivalent  to  one  absence  and  treated  as  such." 

This  was  incorporated  into  the  rules  of  the  Board  and 
has  remained  with  slight  changes  to  the  present  time. 

Mr.  Farnham  was  again  offered  inducements  to  leave 
the  city,  this  time  to  take  charge  of  a  female  seminary 
in  Indianapolis,  and  he  accepted  the  offer,  though  it 
called  out  a  protest  from  citizens  in  his  district  and  a 
request  to  the  Board  not  to  allow  any  pecuniary  consid- 
eration to  stand  in  the  way  of  retaining  him.  August 
23,  the  committee  on  teachers  reported  for  appointment 
M.  L.  Brown  principal  of  No.  3,  and  W.  L.  Cook  prin- 
cipal of  No.  9,  with  a  few  other  unimportant  changes 


M.  L.  BROWN. 


82         HISTORY  OF  THE  SCHOOLS  OF  SYRACUSE 

of  the  teachers.  Soon  after  his  appointment,  Mr. 
Brown  sent  a  letter  saying  that  his  engagements  at 
Corning  were  such  that  lie  could  not  accept  the  posi- 
tion until  the  middle  of  October,  but  should  a  vacancy 
then  exist,  he  would  gladly  accept  it.  John  Stacy  was 
appointed  temporarily. 

A  newspaper  in  the  city  had  assailed  Mr.  Sheldon  in 
his  position  as  clerk,  and  Commissioner  Gillett  in  a 
Board  meeting  offered  the  following  : 

"  WHEREAS,  complaints  have  been  made  through 
some  of  the  city  papers  against  the  clerk  of  this  Board, 
and  which  tends,  indirectly  to  the  discredit  of  this  body, 
therefore  be  it 

"Resolved,  That  the  clerk  has  our  entire  confidence 
and  we  recommend  him  not  to  answer  any  more  com- 
munications of  that  description." 

A  request  coming  from  the  pupils  of  No.  5  that  they 
might  be  excused  from  school  at  3  o'clock,  P.M.,  was 
denied. 

December  2,  1852,  the  committee  on  revision  of  rules 
reported  the  following  amendments  :  That  the  school 
year  shall  consist  of  44  weeks,  and  shall  be  divided  into 
three  terms,  the  first  commencing  the  first  week  in 
January  and  the  beginning  and  length  of  each  succes- 
sive term  to  be  determined  by  the  Board  at  the  close 
of  the  preceding  term. 

Two  evening  schools  were  opened,  one  in  the  First 
Ward  in  charge  of  Truman  van  Tassel,  and  the  other 


UNDER  CITY  SUPERVISION  83 

in  the  central  part  under  Mr.  Harris.     This  was  the 
first  attempt  to  establish  evening  schools. 

January  6,  1853,  the  reports  of  committees  on  revision 
of  rules  and  to  consider  the  propriety  of  establishing  a 
high  school  were  considered  and  discussed,  and  both 
reports  were  adopted  and  ordered  printed  in  pamphlet 
form.  This  was  the  second  printed  report,  and  was 
much  more  complete  than  the  preceding  one. 

At  a  special  meeting  appointed  to  hear  Q.  A.  John- 
son on  the  regulations  governing  attendance  and  tardi- 
ness of  children  and  in  support  of  a  complaint  made  by 
three  of  the  patrons  against  teachers  who,  in  conform- 
ity to  the  rule,  had  kept  children  from  school  on 
account  of  repeated  absences,  Mr.  Johnson  raised 
objection  against  the  spirit  and  operation  of  the  rule. 
He  spoke  at  length  on  the  powers  of  the  Board  and 
against  the  legality,  utility  and  public  policy  of  the 
regulation.  After  considerable  discussion  a  resolution 
to  refer  this  rule  to  a  committee,  resulted  in  the  fol- 
lowing, which  was  adopted  : 

"  Any  pupil  who  shall  have  been  absent  from  school 
to  the  amount  of  three  full  days,  not  certified  as  neces- 
sary, shall  be  required  to  produce  the  certificate  of  his 
parent  or  guardian  (which  may  be  verbal,  if  delivered 
by  the  parent  or  guardian  in  person),  that  such  absence 
was  necessary  or  unavoidable,  with  or  without  the 
knowledge  or  consent  (as  the  case  may  be)  of  such 
parent  or  guardian  ;  and  in  case  the  parent  or  guardian 


84  HISTORY   OF  THE   SCHOOLS   OF   SYRACUSE 

shall  neglect  or  refuse  to  give  such  certificate,  then  the 
pupil  shall  be  suspended  until  such  certificate  shall  be 
given.  Three  cases  of  tardiness  shall  be  equivalent  to 
an  absence  and  shall  be  treated  as  such." 

The  annual  report  contained  the  usual  items.  No. 
8  had  been  enlarged  by  adding  16  feet  to  the  length  and 
raising  the  whole  to  make  a  two-story  building,  giving 
a  seating  capacity  of  nearly  200  pupils.  It  was  still 
too  small.  A  new  school-house  had  been  built  in  Dis- 
trict No.  9. 

The  annual  meeting  for  1853  was  held  March  8.  The 
Board  received  for  new  commissioners  Matthew  Murphy 
from  the  First  Ward,  Q.  A.  Johnson  from  the  Second 
Ward,  and  William  Hall  from  the  Third  Ward.  The 
president  and  clerk  were  re-elected.  The  principals 
appointed  were  unchanged,  except  the  appointment  of 
James  Johonnot  to  No.  4,  in  place  of  Mr.  Brigham, 
retired.  Among  the  new  teachers  were  the  Misses  0. 
A.  Rose  and  Mary  Earll  in  No.  3,  Donna  Evans  in  No. 
4,  Martha  Weaver  and  Henrietta  Leonard  in  No  5,  and 
Mary  Slocum  in  No.  7. 

At  the  May  meeting,  Mr.  Sheldon  resigned  the  office 
of  clerk  to  accept  a  like  position  in  the  city  of  Oswego, 
which  he  considered  a  more  promising  field.  Mr. 
Sheldon  had  occupied  the  position  two  years  to  the 
entire  satisfaction  of  the  Board,  the  teachers  and  the 
community.  After  a  long  service  in  the  city  of  Oswego 
as  superintendent  of  schools,  he  was  appointed  to  the 


UNDER    CITY    SUPERVISION  85 

principalship  of  the  Oswego  State  Normal  School,  where 
he  still  remains  as  one  of  the  prominent  leading  edu- 
cational men  of  the  State  of  York.  The  Oswego  Nor- 
mal School  has  had  a  decided  influence  on  educational 
thought  throughout  the  country,  and  its  graduates  are 
universally  in  demand  as  among  the  best  in  the  field. 
Commissioner  William  Hall  was  appointed  to  fill  the 
position  made  vacant  by  the  resignation  of  Mr.  Sheldon, 
and  continued  until  March  21,  1854. 

The  annual  budget  asked  of  the  Common  Council 
was  $15,140.42.  The  beginning  of  the  fall  term  was 
fixed  for  September  6.  The  salaries  of  the  principals 
of  No.  8  and  9  were  made  equal  to  that  of  other  men 
principals.  On  September  6,  James  Johonnot  resigned 
the  principalship  of  No.  4,  and  Perez  Brown  was 
appointed  to  succeed  him.  On  September  23,  another 
addition  was  ordered  to  be  put  upon  the  N.  W.  corner 
of  No.  8,  two  stories  high,  large  enough  for  two  rooms. 

At  the  October  meeting,  Commissioner  Gillett  of  the 
Third  Ward  resigned,  and  the  Common  Council  ap- 
pointed Ansel  E.  Kinne  to  succeed  him  till  the  end  of 
the  year.  Evening  schools  were  conducted  in  Nos.  3, 
5  and  ?  under  the  charge  of  the  principals  of  these 
schools. 

The  new  Board  organized  March  21  with  an  increase 
in  the  membership  to  sixteen,  the  city  being  now 
divided  into  eight  wards  instead  of  four,  with  two  com- 
missioners from  each. 


ANSEL  E.  KINNE. 


UNDER    CITY    SUPERVISION  87 

The  members  were  as  follows  : 

First  Ward. — John  McCarthy,  Wm.  F.  Gere. 

Second  Ward. — Walter  C.  Hopkins,  Matthew  Murphy. 

Third  Ward.—?.  S.  Stoddard,  Q.  A.  Johnson. 

Fourth  Ward. — N.  F.  Graves,  J.  G.  Wynkoop. 

Fifth  Ward. — H.  L.  Dinmore,  A.  E.  Kinne. 

Sixth  Ward.—Wm.  Bliss  Ashley,  Wm.  Hall. 

Seventh  Ward.—R.  D.  Hatch,  E.  T.  Hayden. 

Eighth  Ward.—'W.  H.  H.  Smith,  George  Barney. 
N.  F.  Graves  was  elected  president,  and  M.  L.  Brown, 
principal  of  No.  3,  was  elected  clerk. 

Another  effort  was  made  April  18,  to  reduce  Nos.  4, 
8,  and  11  to  intermediate  schools,  which  resulted  in  a 
vote  to  carry  out  the  proposition  in  No.  11  on  condition 
that  the  present  teachers  be  continued  on  the  pay-roll 
for  the  year.  On  December  12,  the  proposition  was 
renewed  as  to  No.  4,  and  succeeded.  The  changes 
were  made  to  curtail  expenses  in  the  school  department 
and  secure  better  grading. 

A  loan  was  made  at  this  meeting  for  the  payment  of 
the  teachers,  janitors  and  for  cleaning.  Quite  a  per- 
centage of  the  indebtedness  to  teachers  had  been 
included  in  the  funded  debt  of  the  city. 

One  of  the  city  papers  offered  to  print  the  proceed- 
ings of  the  Board  provided  the  clerk  would  put  them 
in  suitable  form,  and  consent  was  given  on  condition 
that  it  be  done  without  expense  to  the  Board. 


88  HISTORY    OF    THE    SCHOOLS    OF    SYRACUSE 

On  August  1,  the  teachers  were  appointed  for  the 
next  term,  to  open  September  1.  There  were  few 
changes,  but  Misses  Corbin  and  Anderson  were  added. 

December  19,  Wm.  H.  Cook  resigned  the  principal- 
ship  of  No.  3  and  a  petition  of  over  200  names  was 
presented  to  the  Board  asking  for  the  appointment  of 
Edward  Smith  to  the  position.  Another  petition  was 
presented  from  District  No.  8  asking  that  no  change  be 
made  in  principalship  of  that  school.  The  matter  was 
laid  on  the  table  for  further  consideration  as  was  also 
the  proposition  for  organizing  a  high  school. 

In  December  a  committee  reported  a  plan  for  a  high 
school  to  occupy  temporarily  the  upper  floor  of  school- 
house  No.  5,  with  0.  0.  Eoundy  principal,  assisted  by 
Perez  Brown.  On  January  1,  1855,  Daniel  Losey,  a 
graduate  of  the  Albany  Normal  School,  was  made  prin- 
cipal of  No.  3,  A.  E.  Kinne,  principal  of  No.  5,  and 
Edward  Smith,  principal  of  No.  8.  Syracuse  was  thus 
among  the  first  cities  of  the  State  to  establish  a  high 
school. 

On  January  16,  at  a  special  meeting  to  provide  for 
overcrowded  schools,  the  Board  appointed  the  Misses 
Jane  Porter  and  Sarah  Wagner  to  fill  vacancies  in  No. 
5,  rented  W.  J.  Blair's  store,  and  placed  Miss  Burn- 
ham  there  to  give  additional  relief  for  that  school.  A 
chapel  was  rented  on  Church  street  (now  West  Willow), 
and  Mrs.  Lewis  appointed  teacher  to  relieve  No.  4.  A 
new  room  was  opened  in  No.  8  and  a  teacher  appointed. 


DANIEL  LOSEY. 


90  HISTORY    OF   THE    SCHOOLS    OF    SYRACUSE 

All  admissions  to  the  High  School  were  referred  to  the 
teachers'  committee  and  the  clerk,  and  a  resolution 
was  passed  requiring  an  examination  for  all  applicants 
for  positions  as  teachers.  A  committee  had  been  ap- 
pointed to  prepare  suitable  provision  for  further  levision 
to  the  city  charter. 

February  19,  1855,  two  extra  rooms  were  prepared 
for  No.  7  and  one  for  No.  9,  and  the  principals  were 
asked  to  report  to  the  Board  all  non-resident  pupils  now 
in  attendance  in  the  schools.  The  retiring  members 
were  W.  F.  Gere,  First  Ward,  W.  C.  Hopkins,  Second 
Ward,  Q.  A.  Johnson,  Third  Ward,  J.  G.  Wynkoop, 
Fourth  Ward,  G.  H.  Hulin,  Fifth  Ward  ;  Commission- 
ers Dinmore,  Kinne  and  Hayden  had  resigned  during 
the  year. 

The  new  Board  met  March  20,  1855.  N.  F.  Graves 
was  re-elected  president,  and  George  L.  Farnham  was 
elected  clerk  at  a  salary  of  $800,  his  appointment  to 
take  effect  May  1.  Ml  L.  Brown  had  decided  to  remove 
to  Auburn  and  start  a  young  ladies'  seminary.  He 
proved  himself  as  popular  and  successful  there  as  he 
had  been  here,  always  respected  by  his  patrons  and 
loved  by  his  pupils. 

The  annual  report  of  the  last  Board  was  ordered 
printed  in  pamphlet  form,  with  an  edition  of  500  copies. 

An  effort  to  secure  better  accommodation  for  the 
High  school  resulted  in  its  transfer  from  No.  5  to 
the  upper  floor  of  School  No.  4.  Announcement  was. 


UNDER    CITY    SUPERVISION"  91 

made  that  an  examination  of  teachers  would  take  place 
April  30.  All  teachers  were  asked  to  be  present  except 
those  holding  certificates  issued  by  the  State  Depart- 
ment or  the  normal  school ;  and  these  were  invited  to 
take  the  examination.  There  were  present  22  women 
teachers  and  3  men,  who  were  reported  to  be  entitled 
to  certificates,  while  17  of  the  old  teachers  not  holding 
State  certificates  and  4  women  who  did  hold  such  cer- 
tificates had  also  tried  the  examination  and  deserved 
commendation  for  the  courage  they  had  shown  and  the 
success  of  their  efforts.  The  committee  further 
reported  the  appointment  of  54  teachers,  the  principals 
remaining  the  same  as  last  term. 

District  No.  12  had  made  repeated  application  for  a 
male  principal  since  the  transfer  of  Mr.  Smith,  and  F. 
A.  Loomis  was  put  in  charge  at  a  salary  of  $60  per 
month.  Mrs.  Hewes,  the  former  principal  received  a 
vote  of  thanks  from  the  Board  for  excellent  work  in 
the  school  under  her  charge  and  an  expression  of  undi- 
minished  confidence  in  her  as  a  teacher  and  instructor. 

By  reason  of  a  general  complaint  of  overcrowded 
rooms  in  the  primary  department,  the  Board  passed  a 
resolution  instructing  teachers  to  admit  no  more  pupils 
than  could  be  comfortably  provided  with  seats.  First 
applicants  were  to  have  the  preference,  but  if  pupils 
became  irregular  in  attendance  their  seats  might  be 
given  to  other  pupils  desiring  admission.  A  request 
was  sent  to  the  Common  Council  strongly  urging  them 
to  provide  greater  accommodations, 


92  HISTORY   OF   THE   SCHOOLS   OF   SYRACUSE 

The  breaking  out  of  the  small  pox  in  the  Second 
Ward  caused  considerable  excitement  in  the  city  and 
No.  12,  being  in  the  immediate  vicinity,  was  ordered 
closed  by  the  Board  of  Health. 

During  the  month  of  August  an  examination  of  pupils 
was  made  for  admission  to  the  High  school.  Perez 
Brown  resigned  his  position  as  teacher,  and  Rev.  It.  It. 
Raymond  was  appointed  assistant  principal. 

At  the  November  meeting,  the  Board  requested 
teachers  to  report  the  best  methods  of  primary  teach- 
ing, and  also  to  record  in  a  book  provided  for  that  pur- 
pose all  cases  of  corporal  punishment  inflicted  in  their 
several  schools,  with  the  date,  cause  of  punishment, 
how  inflicted  and  the  result — the  same  to  be  open  for 
the  inspection  of  any  member  of  the  Board.  This  was 
the  strongest  effort  against  the  use  of  the  rod  that  had 
ever  been  made  in  this  city.  The  evil  was  diminished 
but  not  eradicated  till  a  decade  later. 

During  the  month  of  December  great  complaints 
were  made  against  the  furnaces  in  No.  9  school-house. 
Both  winters  the  house  had  been  occupied,  teachers 
and  pupils  had  suffered  from  the  cold,  and  on  extremely 
cold  days  the  school  was  closed.  After  resorting  to 
every  known  means  of  remedying  the  evil,  the  furnaces 
were  abandoned  and  stoves  were  put  in. 

No.  4  school-house  was  found  to  be  inadequate  to  the 
wants  of  the  High  school  and  a  movement  for  provid- 
ing a  better  place  resulted  in  securing  rooms  in  the 


CITY  SUPERVISION  93 

Pike  block,  3d  floor,,  entrance  on  West  Fayette  street, 
to  be  fitted  up  by  the  Board  at  an  expense  of  $400. 
The  lease  was  to  continue  five  years  at  $450,  with  the 
privilege  of  five  years  more  at  the  same  rate.  The  tui- 
tion of  non-resident  pupils  of  this  school  was  fixed  at 
£4  per  term  for  higher  English  and  $5  for  languages. 
On  account  of  failing  health,  Mr.  Koundy,  at  his  re- 
quest, was  granted  a  leave  of  absence  ;  and  the  clerk, 
Mr.  Farnharn,  was  requested  to  take  charge  of  his  classes 
during  that  term. 

Misses  Donna  Evans  and  Delia  N.  Earll  resigned 
their  positions  as  teachers,  both  of  them  to  go  to  Cali- 
fornia where  they  could  secure  better  pay  in  a  better 
climate.  Letters  highly  commendatory  from  the  Hoard 
introduced  them  to  school  authorities  wherever  they 
should  choose  to  locate.  Miss  Earll  had  been  in  the 
schools  of  what  is  now  the  First  Ward  one  or  two  years 
before  the  city  organization,  and  possessed  more  than 
common  ability. 

Resolutions  of  regret  were  passed  that  Commisfciou- 
ers  McCarthy,  Freeoff,  Stoddard,  Graves,  Ashley,  Hatch 
and  Smith  were  to  retire  from  the  Board  with  the 
acknowledgments  of  their  acceptable  work  during  the 
past  year.  Similar  resolutions  commendatory  of  the 
president  and  clerk  were  recorded. 

The  new  Board  met  March  18,  1856.  Commissioner 
LeRoy  Morgan  was  elected  president  and  George  L. 
Farnham  was  re-elected  clerk.  The  budget  was  read 


94  HISTORY   OF   THE   SCHOOLS   OF   SYRACUSE 

and  adopted  and  a  resolution  prevailed  asking  the  Com- 
mon Council  to  give  $17,000.,  the  whole  amount  asked, 
and  in  addition  the  sum  of  $5,000  for  a  permanent 
fund.  The  request  was  granted.  On  account  of  inad- 
equate accommodations  a  resolution  was  passed  denying 
the  privilege  to  attend  the  public  schools  to  any  who  do 
not  draw  public  money. 

The  property  known  as  the  ' '  Hemlock  Church  "  was 
purchased  for  $900,  thereby  relieving  the  schools  in  the 
Fourth,  Seventh,  and  Eighth  Wards. 

Commissioner  Johnson  introduced  a  resolution  for- 
bidding the  teaching  of  the  languages  in  the  public 
schools  during  the  regular  school  hours.  Although  the 
High  school  had  been  opposed  by  taxpayers  and  by  edu- 
cated and  intelligent  men,  in  the  Board  and  out  of  it, 
on  the  ground  of  injustice  in  taxing  the  people  for 
higher  education,  Mr.  Johnson  was  the  first,  and  the 
only  one,  in  the  Board  of  Education  to  antagonize  that 
institution  publicly. 

D.  F.  Brown  of  Auburn  presented  to  the  teachers  at 
one  of  their  meetings  a  beautiful  piece  of  pen-work 
entitled  "The  Lord's  Prayer"  for  inspection,  and  made 
application  to  the  Board  for  the  use  of  a  room  in  one  of 
the  school  buildings  for  teaching  penmanship  to  such 
as  would  like  to  avail  themselves  of  the  opportunity. 
The  request  was  granted,  and  many  of  the  teachers 
entered  the  class. 


UNDER    CITY    SUPERVISION  95 

On  May  5,  Mr.  Roundy  sent  a  communication  resign- 
ing the  principalship  of  the  High  school,  saying  he 
could  not  afford  to  remain,  much  as  lie  loved  the  work 
and  the  pupils  under  his  care.  Three  positions  had 
been  offered  him  at  an  advance  upon  the  salary  he  was 
receiving  here.  His  salary  was  increased  to  $1,000, 
which  called  out  a  request  from  the  other  teachers  for 
an  increase.  On  May  20,  the  salary  of  the  clerk  was 
fixed  at  $51,000. 

Up  to  this  time  nothing  better  than  pineboard  desks 
and  seats  with  common  paint  had  been  furnished  the 
best  of  the  school-houses,  but  in  fitti-ng  up  the  High 
school,  desks  made  of  cherry  with  chairs  to  match, 
known  as  Boston  school  furniture,  were  provided. 

Charles  E.  Fitch  who  resided  and  was  educated  here 
for  college  and  had  just  graduated  from  Williams  was 
appointed  July  1,  to  assist  in  the  High  school  four  days 
in  the  week,  at  $1  per  day.  In  August,  Miss  Kate 
tool  was  appointed  assistant  in  No.  9  at  $20  per  month. 
She  remained  in  the  employment  of  the  Board  a  quarter 
of  a  century,  when  she  married  Mr.  Baldwin,  but 
within  two  or  three  years  was  left  a  widow.  Miss  Pool 
was  one  of  the  best  primary  teachers  in  the  city. 

It  was  not  uncommon  for  the  Board  to  find  itself  in 
financial  embarassment,  with  no  means  of  paying  bills 
or  salaries,  and  a  resolution  was  passed  to  close  school 
till  such  time  as  the  Common  Council  should  provide 
funds.  It  was  afterward  reconsidered  and  laid  on  the 


96  HISTORY    OF   THE   SCHOOLS   OF   SYRACUSE 

table,  but  secured  the  desired  aid.  The  Board  asked 
the  Common  Council  to  sell  a  vacant  lot  on  Onondaga 
street,  and  apply  $1,000  from  the  sale  in  building  a 
school-house  on  the  lot  lately  purchased  on  Fayette 
street,  and  to  use  the  remainder  in  repairing  No.  7 
school-house.  Late  in  the  autumn  the  three  evening 
schools  were  opened. 

On  December  5,  1856,  a  special  meeting  of  the  Board 
was  called  to  take  action  relating  to  the  death  of  one  of 
its  members,  Commissioner  Q.  A.  Johnson.  A  commit- 
tee on  resolutions  was  appointed  and  the  following  was 
presented  and  adopted  : 

"  This  Board  having  heard  with  regret  of  the  death 
of  Q.  A.  Johnson,  Esq.,  a  respected  and  worthy  mem- 
ber of  this  Board,  therefore, 

' '  Resolved,  That  we  deeply  sympathize  with  the  fam- 
ily and  friends  of  the  deceased,  and  that  as  a  mark  of 
respect  we  will  attend  his  funeral  in  a  body  to-morrow 
afternoon  at  3  o'clock. 

"Resolved,  That  a  copy  of  this  resolution  be  sent  to 
the  family  of  the  deceased." 

In  January,  1857,  a  successful  effort  was  made  to 
secure  the  $500  apportionment  to  cities  employing  a 
superintendent  of  schools. 

Edward  Smith  resigned  the  principalship  of  No.  8 
with  the  expectation  of  engaging  in  farming.  At  the 
meeting  in  February  Henry  A.  Barnum  (afterward  Geu. 
Barnum),  was  appointed  to  the  position  vacated.  After 


I 


EDWARD  SMITH. 


98  HISTORY   OF   THE   SCHOOLS    OF   SYRACUSE 

a  little  time  Mr.  Smith  returned  to  the  city  and  took 
charge  of  the  ungraded  winter  school  in  the  First  Ward. 
In  the  spring  of  I860,  Principal  Wheaton  being  com- 
pelled by  sickness  to  leave  school  for  several  weeks,  Mr. 
Smith  filled  that  position  until  he  was  able  to  return. 
On  account  of  failing  health  Mr.  Losey,  principal  of 
No.  3,  was  obliged  to  retire  from  teaching  and  Mr. 
Smith  became  his  successor. 

An  amendment  to  the  city  charter  required1  the  elec- 
tion of  one  commissioner  in  each  ward  instead  of  two, 
as  heretofore,  the  commissioners  to  hold  office  for  two 
years,  one-half  to  be  elected  on  alternate  years,  the  even 
wards  in  one  year  and  the  odd  ones  on  the  following 
year.  This  did  not  meet  with  favor  from  the  Board 
and  a  protest  was  vigorously  made,  but  without  effect. 
It  is  presumed  that  even  the  objectors  became  fully 
satisfied  with  the  change  after  trial,  for  small  bodies 
generally  work  together  with  less  friction  than  larger 
ones. 

The  new  Board  elected  Wm.  J.  Hough,  president  and 
George  L.  Farnham  clerk,  at  a  salary  of  $1,000.  Jo- 
seph C.  Calanen,  Esq.,  who  was  elected  from  the  Third 
Ward,  died  before  its  organization,  and  W.  V.  Bruyn 
was  appointed. 

In  April  of  this  year  measures  were  taken  for  the 
enlargement  of  No.  5  by  the  addition  of  a  wing  ex- 
tending toward  the  west,  two  stories  in  height.  This 
was  completed  at  a  cost  of  $2,053.  Another  room  in 


UNDER   CITY   SUPERVISION  9$ 

No.  9  was  finished  off  for  the  opening  of  the  next  term. 
On  April  24,  R.  F.  Stevens  took  his  place  in  the  Board, 
having  been  appointed  in  place  of  Mr.  Williamson  who 
had  resigned. 

At  the  May  meeting  a  resolution  was  passed  author- 
izing the  president  and  clerk  to  draw  orders  monthly 
instead  of  at  the  end  of  the  term  for  the  payment  of 
teachers  and  others  in  the  regular  employ  of  the  Board. 
This  was  the  beginning  of  the  monthly  payment  of 
fixed  salaries  which  has  since  continued. 

In  June,  blanks  to  be  filled  out  by  teachers  informing 
parents  of  absences  and  tardiness  of  their  children,  were 
adopted,  with  the  hope  that  these  evils  might  be  miti- 
gated and  the  schools  thereby  benefitted.  This  had  the 
desired  effect  as  was  shown  by  the  monthly  reports. 

The  schoolhouse  on  Fayette  street  (now  called  Irving 
school),  had  been  so  nearly  completed  that  a  room  was 
finished  off,  and  the  school  opened  under  Miss  Louise 
Moss, — transferred  from  No.  7.  This  afforded  some 
relief  to  No.  7.  During  this  summer  the  Board  con- 
cluded to  give  the  contract  for  the  enlargement  of  No.  7 
to  some  responsible  party  on  condition  that  payments 
should  be  made  no  faster  than  funds  had  been  provided 
for  that  purpose. 

I  believe  that  this  was  the  first  year  that  all  schools 
were  to  be  heated  with  coal,  and  the  amount  needed  was 
purchased  at  $5.50  per  ton. 


100  HISTORY   OF   THE   SCHOOLS   OF   SYRACUSE 

Misses  Mahala  G.  Hall,  Harriet  1ST.  Brand  and  Maria 
Burke  were  appointed  assistants  in  No.  7.  In  Septem- 
ber, Mr.  Betts  resigned  the  principalship,  and  A.  G. 
Salisbury  was  again  appointed  to  that  position,  at  a  sal- 
ary of  $800.  After  Mr.  Salisbury's  resignation  from 
No.  7  he  had  opened  a  private  school  in  the  Myers 
Block,  which  he  made  popular  and  successful.  The 
rooms  were  provided  with  the  best  furniture  and  appa- 
ratus. It  seemed  desirable  to  the  Board  to  secure  Mr. 
Salisbury's  services  in  the  public  schools  because  he  was 
a  popular  and  successful  teacher,  and  his  influence 
would  draw  pupils  from  the  private  into  the  public 
schools.  Having  established  the  practice  of  equal  sal- 
aries to  principals  it  would  not  be  practicable  to  pay  him 
more  than  others  were  receiving  and  the  plan  adopted 
was  to  employ  Mrs.  Salisbury  as  assistant  at  $350,  then 
a  large  salary,  and  purchase  the  furniture,  etc.,  used  in 
the  private  school,  at  a  cost  of  $356.75. 

Miss  Sylvia  J.  Eastman  was  appointed  assistant  in 
No.  7.  She  afterward  went  to  Buffalo  and  for  a  num- 
ber of  years  was  preceptress  of  the  High  school  there  at 
a  large  salary. 

During  the  autumn  of  this  year  at  the  suggestion  of 
Commissioner  Allen  $15  was  appropriated  to  purchase 
a  number  of  books  on  the  phonetic  method  for  the  pur- 
pose of  testing  it.  After  trial  in  one  school  with 
results  likely  to  prove  beneficial  it  was  adopted  in  all 
the  primary  departments,  and  for  a  time  gave  Syracuse 


UNDER    CITY    SUPERVISION  101 

schools  considerable  notoriety.  It  was  used  for  a  num- 
ber of  years,  and  though  considerably  modified  has  never 
been  abandoned.  The  phonetic  system  was  changed  in 
1866  to  the  phonic,  essentially  the  same  except  that  in 
the  latter  the  common  alphabet  is  used. 

The  meetings  of  the  teachers  since  the  first  had  been 
on  every  Monday  evening,  but  now  they  became  semi- 
monthly on  Saturday  mornings  from  9  to  12.  This 
change  was  made  because  of  the  inconvenience  to  the 
ladies  of  getting  to  the  place  of  meeting  at  night. 
There  were  no  means  of  public  conveyance,  streets  and 
walks  were  often  muddy,  or,  in  winter,  blocked  by  deep 
snows,  streets  were  not  well  lighted,  and  distances  from 
the  outlying  districts  were  long. 

At  the  November  meeting  Miss  Mary  J.  Hopkins,  who 
had  just  graduated  from  the  High  school,  wasappointed 
assistant  in  the  senior  department  of  No.  7.  She  was 
afterward  transferred  to  the  Salina  school  and  put  in 
charge  of  the  junior  department,  where  she  remained 
two  or  three  years.  During  this  time  she  was  married 
to  A.  D.  Perry,  a  business  man  of  this  city.  She  was 
afterward  made  assistant  in  the  High  school,  where  she 
remained  until  her  death  in  1882.  Mrs.  Perry  was  a 
teacher  of  peculiar  power  and  influence  over  the  young. 
She  was  greatly  beloved  and  honored  by  her  pupils,  and 
there  are  many  now  living  who  remember  her  with 
esteem  and  veneration. 

Mr.  Roundy  asked  for  leave  of  absence  on  account  of 


102  HISTORY   OF   THE   SCHOOLS   OF   SYKACUSE 

falling  health  and  Mr.  Long  was  appointed  to  his  place 
temporarily.  When  the  committee  visited  the  school 
they  found  him  in  poor  health,  and  closed  the  school 
for  two  weeks,  till  Mr.  Roundy  was  able  to  return. 

Col.  George,  chief  of  the  Onondaga  tribe  of  Indians, 
sent  a  petition  to  the  Board  asking  the  privilege  of  send- 
ing his  son  into  one  of  the  public  schools  of  the  city 
free  of  charge.  The  request  was  granted  and  the  boy 
remained  in  No.  7  for  several  months  under  the  super- 
vision of  Mrs.  Salisbury,  making  considerable  progress. 

Up  to  this  time  the  records  of  the  several  schools 
combined  did  not  show  the  actual  number  of  pupils  in 
the  schools,  and  a  plan  was  adopted  to  prevent  dupli- 
cate registrations  by  requiring  teachers  to  record  the 
names  of  pupils  who  had  been  registered  in  other  schools 
only  upon  their  presenting  a  transfer  from  the  school 
which  they  had  attended,  setting  forth  the  number  of 
days  they  had  been  present,  the  number  of  days  of 
absence,  the  number  of  times  tardy,  the  amount  of  time 
lost  by  tardiness,  the  grade  in  the  school,  and  the  reason 
of  the  transfer.  After  being  registered  in  the  new 
school  and  notice  having  been  given  of  this  fact  to  the 
principal  where  the  pupil  had  been  previously  regis- 
tered, his  name  and  record  were  cancelled.  The  rules 
and  regulations  were  revised  and  500  copies  were  printed 
for  distribution. 

This  fiscal  year  closed  March  12,  1858  at  which  time 
four  commissioners  from  the  odd  wards  retired  from  the 
Board  by  limitation  of  the  revised  charter. 


CHAPTER  III 
SECOND  DECADE— 1858  TO  1867 


The  new  provision  for  one  commissioner  from  each 
ward  now  came  fully  into  effect  and  the  body  consisted 
of  the  following,  in  the  order  of  the  wards  :  N.  M. 
Childs,  Charles  M.  Henderson,  Wm.  V.  Bruyn,  J.  J. 
Peck,  W.  W.  Willard,  Richard  F.  Stevens,  Joseph  A. 
Allen  and  Charles  L.  Chandler. 

N.  M.  Childs  was  elected  president  and  Mr.  Farn- 
ham  was  unanimously  elected  clerk. 

The  budget  for  the  current  year  was  adopted  and  by 
a  committee  presented  to  the  city  council.  A  collec- 
tion of  the  books  of  reference  and  of  books  not  read  by 
children  in  the  district  libraries  was  concentrated  at  the 
Central  Library,  thereby  taking  the  second  step  toward 
a  single  library  for  the  city. 

The  increase  of  pupils  in  several  of  the  schools  called 
for  extra  accommodations,  and  one  room  in  the  new 
addition  to  No.  7  was  furnished,  the  upper  story  of  No. 
13  was  finished  off,  and  both  were  enclosed  by  a  sub- 
stantial and  ornamental  fence.  Mrs.  A.  E.  Kinne 

(103) 


104          HISTORY    OF    THE    SCHOOLS    OF    SYRACUSE 

resigned  her  position  as  principal  of  the  primary  depart- 
ment of  No.  5. 

Fifty-six  teachers  were  appointed  at  the  beginning  of 
the  school  year  and  several  more  were  added  during 
the  fall  term. 

An  additional  room  in  the  City  Hall  was  secured  by 
the  Board  of  Education  for  the  better  accommodation 
of  the  Central  Library,  which  had  now  become  an 
established  institution,  and  James  Strachan  became  the 
first  librarian  and  assistant  to  the  superintendent,  at  a 
salary  of  $300. 

Mrs.  Farnham  on  account  of  her  health  asked  leave 
of  absence.  This  was  allowed,  and  Miss  Eastman  was 
given  the  position  temporarily,  and  afterward  appointed 
to  it  permanently,  for  after  a  few  weeks  Mrs.  Farnham 
died.  At  the  meeting  in  November  the  Board  passed 
resolutions  of  condolence  and  sympathy  which  were 
entered  upon  the  records. 

Miss  Caroline  Lounsbury  was  appointed  assistant  in 
No.  4.  She  remained  connected  with  the  same  school 
until  1873,  when  she  resigned  to  go  to  California  where 
she  engaged  in  teaching  and  after  a  while  married.  In 
September  Miss  Ellen  M.  Swain  entered  the  High 
school  as  an  additional  assistant.  Miss  Swain  was 
finely  educated,  a  lady  in  her  deportment  and  associa- 
tion with  her  pupils,  and  an  excellent  teacher.  While 
she  continued  she  made  her  influence  reach  every  pupil 


SAMUEL  J.  MAY. 


106          HISTORY   OF   THE    SCHOOLS   OF   SYRACUSE 

in  the  school.  Ellen  M.  Cheney  entered  No.  9  this 
year.  She  passed  through  several  grades  and  was  finally 
made  assistant  to  the  principal.  She  continued  in  this 
position  for  several  years  and  resigned  because  of  ill- 
ness. She  never  resumed  her  work,  except  for  short 
intervals  to  supply  temporary  vacancies. 

Mary  Burke  was  another  teacher  who  began  her 
services  this  year  I  think  in  No.  12,  but  soon  was  trans- 
ferred to  No.  7,  where  she  remained  most  of  the  time 
principal  of  the  primary  department  till  the  Adams 
school  on  Adams  street  was  opened  in  1874.  She  was 
appointed  as  its  first  principal.  After  24  years  of  ser- 
vice she  resigned,  being  worn  and  sick  ;  and  the  next 
year,  after  much  suffering  she  passed  away.  She  was 
a  notable  primary  teacher.  Miss  Carrie  Morris  suc- 
ceeded Miss  Moss  as  principal  of  No.  13. 

Kev.  S.  J.  May  donated  22  volumes  to  the  Central 
Library  which  were  gratefully  accepted,  and  a  special 
place  was  set  apart  in  the  reading  room  for  the  books.  In 
November  of  this  year  the  First  Ward  winter  ungraded 
school  was  opened  under  charge  of  Edward  Smith.  It 
will  be  recollected  that  Mr.  Smith  resigned  his  position 
in  No.  8  in  the  spring  of  1857,  and  at  request  of  Mr. 
Farnham,  he  returned  to  take  charge  of  this  school. 
An  evening  school  in  No.  7  was  opened  the  same  winter. 

During  the  winter  following  a  course  of  free  lectures 
in  the  City  Hall  was  given  under  the  auspices  of  the 
Board  of  Education.  The  lecturers  were  all  residents 


SALINA  SCHOOL. 


108 


HISTORY    OF    THE    SCHOOLS    OF    SYRACUSE 


of  the  city, — Hon.  Charles  B.  Sedgwick,  Rev.  I.  0. 
Filmore,  Hon.  Dennis  McCarthy,  Rev.  J.  M.  Clark, 
Charles  E.  Fitch,  and  J.  G.  K.  Truair.  The  course 
was  well  attended,  entertaining  and  profitable. 

In  February,  1859,  the  Common  Council  authorized 
the  sale  of  Nos.  1,  2  and  8  and  the  purchase  of  what 
was  known  as  the  Richmond  property  in  the  First 
Ward.  The  plan  was  carried  out  and  the  lot  named 
was  purchased  for  $2,400.  During  that  year  and  the 
following  spring  the  house  now  known  as  Salina  school 
was  built. 

The  Franklin  Institute,  having  been  organized  some 
time  before,  gave  a  public  display  of  its  collections, 
natural  and  historical,  to  which  the  school  chidren  were 

invited  as  a  means 
of  education. 

At  the  organiza- 
t  i  o  n  of  the  new 
Board,  March  22, 
1859,  J.J.  Peck  was 
elected  president, 
and  G.  L.  F  a  r  n  - 
ham,  clerk  and  su- 
perintendent o  f 
schools.  The  title 
o  f  superintendent 
of  schools  had  been 
added  to  that  of 
GEN.  j.  j.  PECK,  clerk  of  the  Board 


SECOND    DECADE  10!) 

when  application  was  made  to  the  State  department 
for  the  $500  appropriated  to  cities  where  the  schools 
were  under  the  general  direction  of  a  city  superin- 
tendent. 

After  the  close  of  the  winter  school  in  the  First  Ward, 
Mr.  Smith  was  put  into  No.  10  as  a  supply  in  place  of  Mr. 
Wheaton,  where  he  remained  until  Mr.  Wheaton  re- 
turned. Mr.  Wheaton  however  on  April  10  sent  in  his 
resignation.  He  was  a  graduate  of  the  Albany  Normal 
school,  one  of  the  first  after  its  organization.  He  was 
a  popular  and  successful  teacher,  and  the  district,  his 
associate  teachers,  and  the  Board  all  acknowledged  his 
worth.  Upon  his  vacating  the  position  the  school  was 
made  a  junior  and  primary  one  and  Miss  Orra  M.  Gay- 
lord  was  appointed  principal. 

Plans  having  been  matured  for  a  new  building  in  the 
First  Ward  an  arrangement  was  also  made  to  build 
another  in  the  Fourth  Ward.  A  contract  was  entered 
into  with  A.  L.  Mason  for  the  sums  $9,706  and  $3,800 
respectively,  the  buildings  to  be  completed,  one  in 
October,  1859,  and  the  other  in  May,  1860. 

The  lot  selected  in  the  Fourth  Ward  was  on  the  east 
side  of  Lodi  street  on  the  side  of  a  quite  a  steep  hill. 
The  commissioner  of  that  ward  had  the  credit  of  the 
selection  and  congratulated  himself  for  securing  so 
beautiful  and  excellent  a  situation  for  a  school.  It  has 
proved  to  be  anything  but  what  he  expected.  The 
drainage  from  a  large  part  of  the  yard  goes  under  and 


110          HISTORY   OF   THE   SCHOOLS    OF   SYRACUSE 

around  the  building,  it  is  slippery  and  dangerous  in 
winter,  and  is  more  expensive  to  keep  in  repair  than  a 
level  lot  would  be. 

Up  to  this  time  all  school  libraries  in  districts  not 
included  in  the  Central  Library  had  been  controlled  by 
the  local  authorities  and  the  Central  by  the  Board  of 
Education,  but  now  all  of  them  came  under  the  Cen- 
tral control. 

Children  were  allowed  to  draw  books  but  once  a  week 
not  including  those  in  the  primary  grades.  At  the  July 
meeting  of  the  Board  the  designation  of  schools  by 
numbers  was  discontinued  and  names  substituted. 

Hereafter  Nos.  1,  2,  and  8  were  dropped  and  Salina 
school  represents  them. 

No.  3  is  now  known  as  Jefferson  school. 

No.  4  is  now  known  as  Genesee  school. 

No.  5  is  now  known  as  Prescott  school. 

No.  6  was  known  as  Fayette  school.    Now  abandoned. 

No.  7  is  now  known  as  Putnam  school. 

No.  9  is  now  known  as  Seymour  school. 

No.  10  was  known  as  Lodi  school.  Now  abandoned 
and  Madison  school  takes  its  place. 

No.  11  is  now  known  as  Montgomery  school. 

No.  12  is  now  known  as  Townsend  school. 

No.  13  is  now  known  as  Irving  school. 

The  new  school  on  Lodi  street  was  named  Clinton 
school. 


LODI  SCHOOL. 


112  HISTORY   OF   THE   SCHOOLS   OF   SYRACUSE 

The  Hebrews  sent  in  a  petition  asking  to  have  their 
children  dismissed  at  half  past  three  that  they  might 
study  their  own  language,  and  another  asking  for  the 
use  of  a  room  in  Putnam  school  (No.  7)  for  a  debating 
club.  Both  were  denied.  Another  free  lecture  course 
was  opened  for  the  fall  and  winter,  Hon.  T.  T.  Davis. 
Rev.  S.  J.  May,  and  others  appearing. 

During  the  spring  of  I860,  Mr.  Losey,  principal  of 
Jefferson  school  (No.  3),  on  account  of  ill-health  was 
obliged  to  give  up  teaching  for  a  while,  and  Edward 
Smith,  who  was  teaching  the  winter  school,  at  request 
of  the  superintendent,  closed  the  school  (it  being 
reduced  in  numbers),  and  supplied  in  Mr.  Losey's  place. 
Later  in  the  season,  on  the  resignation  of  Mr.  Losey, 
Mr.  Smith  was  appointed  principal  of  Jefferson  school. 
After  a  long  service,  which  had  been  eminently  success- 
ful, the  Board  and  the  patrons  of  Jefferson  school 
parted  with  the  services  of  Principal  Losey  with  regret, 
and  there  stands  by  vote  of  the  Board  most  compli- 
mentary records  of  his  worth  as  a  teacher  and  citizen. 

During  the  early  spring  the  teachers  and  pupils  of  the 
High  school  gave  an  entertainment,  the  proceeds  of 
which  were  applied  to  the  purchase  of  a  piano  for  the 
school.  It  was  a  success,  as  similar  school  exercises 
have  proved  to  be. 

The  new  Board  organized  with  all  the  old  commis- 
sioners except  the  one  from  the  Second  Ward,  which 
was  filled  by  Commissioner  Jacob  Miller.  The  presi- 


gECOKt)    t)ECADE  113 

dent  and  clerk  and  superintendent  were  re-elected.  In 
April  a  committee  from  the  Onondaga  County  Asylum 
asked  for  some  arrangement  with  the  Board  by  which 
the  school  connected  with  that  institution  could  receive 
the  benefits  of  city  supervision.  A  committee  from  the 
two  bodies  in  conference  agreed  that  the  Asylum  should 
provide  school  room  to  accommodate  100  pupils  and  all 
necessary  appliances,  and  the  Board  of  Education  should 
provide  text-books  and  teachers. 

At  the  request  of  the  German  population  of  the  Sec- 
ond Ward,  a  German  assistant  was  appointed  to  teach 
that  language  in  Townsend  school. 

The  examinations  of  the  schools  were  made  through 
marked  books  so  that  all  pupils  of  similar  grades  had 
the  same  questions.  This  resulted  in  showing  better 
results  than  any  preceding  trial. 

In  the  examination  for  candidates  for  teachers  only 
the  graduates  of  the  High  school,  and  particularly  those 
who  had  been  in  the  teachers'  class  organized  under 
the  Board  of  Regents  of  the  University,  were  admitted. 
From  this  date  the  majority  of  applicants  for  teaching 
have  been  graduates  of  the  High  school. 

The  Salina  school  was  completed  in  May  and  dedica- 
tory exercises  were  held  at  the  building  under  direction 
of  the  Board  and  Principal  Smith.  The  president  took 
charge  of  the  senior  room,  and  introduced  Rev.  S.  J. 
May,  who  gave  the  principal  address,  afterward  printed 
in  full  in  the  annual  report  for  1861.  Other  speakers 


114          HISTORY   OF   THE   SCHOOLS   OF   SYRACUSE 

followed,  including  the  president,  the  superintendent 
of  schools,  and  Dr.  H.  D.  Didama.  The  singing  was 
under  the  lead  of  Miss  Hattie  Abbott,  and  a  collation 
for  all  who  attended  the  exercises  was  provided  by 
teachers  and  pupils.  The  school  had  seats  for  600 
pupils,  and  was  the  largest  that  had  been  erected  since 
the  city  organization. 

The  whole  number  of  teachers  at  the  beginning  of 
this  12th  year  under  city  care  was  three  times  the  num- 
ber appointed  in  1848.  The  new  York  State  Teachers' 
Association  in  June  of  this  year  was  by  a  unanimous 
vote  invited  to  hold  its  session  here.  Our  citizens 
opened  their  doors  to  all  lady  teachers  free  of  charge. 
A  large  attendance  assembled  in  Wieting  Hall  for  an 
uncommonly  wide-awake  and  stirring  session.  Susan 
B.  Anthony  was  among  the  number  that  gave  life  and 
spirit  to  the  daily  gatherings.  Miss  Anthony  advocated 
woman's  rights  in  every  department  of  human  industry, 
and  was  as  vigorously  opposed  by  her  namesake  Princi- 
pal Anthony  of  Albany.  Although  at  times  almost 
turbulent  from  the  excitement  of  debate  the  president, 
by  his  genial  manner  and  perfect  self-control,  while 
allowing  each  his  fair  privilege,  was  able  to  preserve 
good  order  and  conduct  each  discussion  to  a  just  con- 
clusion. 

A  lot  for  a  new  school-house  in  the  Third  Ward, 
opposite  the  present  High  school,  was  purchased  for 
$3,000.  This  was  then  a  low-sunken  hole,  but  it  was 


(iKNKSKE   SCHOOL. 


116          HISTORY   OF   THE   SCHOOLS   OF    SYRACUSE 

partially  filled  in,  and  is  still  used  as  Genesee  school, 
though  it  has  never  been  brought  up  to  grade. 

Two  extra  teachers  were  needed  but  from  lack  of 
funds  they  were  not  appointed.  Mrs.  Perry  was  trans- 
ferred from  Salina  to  the  High  school.  Commissioner 
Joseph  A.  Allen  from  the  Seventh  Ward  resigned  the 
commissionership  to  take  charge  of  the  Eeform  school 
near  Boston,  Mass.  Resolutions  were  entered  on  the 
records  commending  his  work  in  the  Board  and  in  the 
schools  since  his  connection  with  them,  his  interest  in 
education  at  large,  and  his  sympathy  with  children, 
with  congratulations  to  the  trustees  and  teachers  of  the 
Reform  school,  and  especially  to  those  who  would  be 
under  his  control  and  direction.  Commissioner  Allen 
had  been  one  of  the  most  zealous  members  of  the  Board 
since  its  beginning,  and  to  him  is  largely  due  the 
credit  of  introducing  the  phonetic  system  into  our 
schools. 

The  Board  organized  March  26,  1861,  and  re-elected 
the  president  and  the  clerk  and  superintendent.  The 
budget  was  allowed  by  the  Common  Council,  with  $1000 
added  for  a  building  fund,  which  relieved  the  Board 
from  embarassment.  Early  in  the  season  an  addition 
was  put  on  the  west  end  of  Townsend  school-house  two 
stories  high,  designed  to  seat  100  pupils.  New  and 
improved  seats  were  put  into  Irving  and  Montgomery 
school-houses,  a  room  was  added  to  the  Central  Library 
in  the  City  Hall,  and  provision  made  for  the  payment 
of  all  teachers. 


SECOND    DECADE  117 

In  the  autumn  all  arrangements  were  made  for  the 
transferring  of  the  High  school  from  the  Pike  block  to 
the  Greeley  block,  corner  of  Fayette  and  Warren  streets, 
at  a  rent  of  $350. 

The  lecture  course  under  the  direction  of  the  Board 
had  been  more  extended  in  its  influence  than  in  pre- 
ceding years,  and  at  the  March  meeting  resolutions 
of  thanks  were  offered  to  the  following  speakers  who 
had  appeared  :  T.  G.  Alvord,  N.  B.  Smith,  Rev.  M.  E. 
Strieby,  W.  H.  Shankland,  Homer  D.  L.  Sweet,  Rev. 
S.  J.  May,  Rev.  Joseph  M.  Clark,  Gen.  Win.  J.  Hough, 
Rev.  James  O'Hara,  George  L.  Maynard,  Finley  M. 
King,  and  Dr.  D.  A.  Moore.  The  annual  report  was 
printed  in  pamplet  form. 

On  March  25,  1862,  the  new  Board  elected  Lyman 
W.  Conkey  president,  and  on  the  6th  ballot  re-elected 
Mr.  Farnham  clerk  and  superintendent.  Several  peti- 
tions for  and  against  his  re-election  had  been  sent  in. 

Fees  for  tuition  of  non-resident  pupils  were  increased, 
by  which  primary  pupils  were  to  be  charged  $7  a  term, 
junior  $8.50,  senior  $11.50,  and  High  school  $20. 

A  contract  for  the  completion  of  the  building  on  the 
lot  bought  last  year,  and  also  for  raising  Seymour 
school-house  one  story,  was  entered  into  for  the  sum  of 
$6,800. 

Mrs.  Salisbury  gave  notice  of  her  intention  to  retire 
from  teaching  at  the  end  of  the  term  in  June.  She 
had  been  a  faithful,  earnest,  conscientious  teacher  for 


118  HISTORY    OF   THE    SCHOOLS    OF    SYRACUSE 

a  long  series  of  years,  and  had  devoted  herself  to  the 
best  interests  of  her  pupils.  Her  labors  have  been 
rewarded  by  the  esteem  and  love  of  a  large  number  of 
citizens  who  have  grown  to  manhood  and  womanhood 
to  do  her  reverence. 

A  contest  that  had  arisen  in  the  Board  as  to  the  pro- 
priety of  preferring  our  High  school  graduates  as 
teachers  culminated  in  a  resolution,  "That  where  prac- 
ticable High  school  graduates  should  have  the  prefer- 
ence." Since  this  time  the  spirit  of  this  action  has 
largely  though  not  exclusively  prevailed  in  the  choice  of 
teachers. 

From  the  first  the  schools  have  lacked  for  room  to 
seat  all  who  apply  for  admittance,  and  this  year,  on 
account  of  the  crowded  condition  of  the  primary 
rooms  the  plan  was  adopted  of  dividing  first-year  pupils 
into  two  classes,  one-half  to  attend  in  the  morning  and 
the  other  in  the  afternoon.  It  has  continued  to  the 
present  time,  probably  not  so  much  from  an  inability 
to  provide  sufficient  sitting  room,  although  that  would 
have  been  difficult,  as  for  the  reason  that  for  pupils  five 
or  six  years  old,  half-day  attendance  is  all  that  should 
be  expected. 

At  the  close  of  the  year  the  report  of  the  superintend- 
endent  was  adopted,  and  on  account  of  the  antagonism 
against  him,  resolutions  were  unanimously  adopted  by 
the  retiring  Board,  strongly  endorsing  his  work  as  super- 
intendent and  regretting  the  circumstances  that  re- 
quired his  retirement. 


SECOND    DECADE  119 

At  the  organization  in  March,  1863,  Samuel  L.  Corn- 
stock  was  chosen  president.  For  the  position  of  clerk 
and  superintenent  there  were  three  candidates,  and  the 
contest  continued  nearly  two  days  ;  at  the  202d  ballot 
Chas.  E.  Stevens  received  5  votes  and  Mr.  Farnham  '6, 
and  Mr.  Stevens  was  declared  elected. 

An  effort  to  make  the  salary  of  the  clerk  and  super- 
intendent $1,000,  failed.  Another  division  of  the 
Board  was  manifested  when  the  chairman  of  the  teach- 
ers' committee  reported  the  list  of  teachers  with  their 
salaries  for  the  current  year,  Commissioner  Leach  of  the 
Sixth  Ward  reporting  another  list  for  Townsendand  Sey- 
mour schools.  After  a  long  contest  the  report  of  the 
teachers'  committee  was  adopted  as  far  as  related  to  Gen- 
esee,  Prescott,  Clinton,  Fayette,  Putnam,  Lodi,  Irving 
and  High  schools,  and  an  adjourment  made  to  the  next 
day,  when  the  appointments  were  taken  up  by  wards  in 
numerical  order.  A  petition  signed  by  several  residents 
of  Jefferson  school,  asking  for  the  appointment  of  Mr. 
Omer  Leynes  was  received,  but  denied  on  the  ground 
that  such  a  course  would  lead  to  future  embarrassment 
and  increased  expenditures.  Jefferson  school  had  been 
reduced  to  a  junior  grade  at  the  opening  of  the  new 
Salina  school. 

All  appointments  were  finally  made  by  the  teachers' 
committee  except  the  position  formerly  occupied  by  Mr. 
G.  N.  Harris  of  Seymour  school.  Commissioner  Wel- 
lington made  a  motion  to  appoint  Mr.  Francis  P.  Hale, 


120          HISTORY    OF   THE   SCHOOLS   OF   SYRACUSE 

but  another  adjonrment  was  effected  and  the  matter  left 
unsettled.  At  the  next  meeting  two  petitions  were  pre- 
sented :  one  headed  by  L.  H.  Hiscock  and  282  others, 
asking  for  the  appointment  of  Mr.  Harris  ;  and  the 
other  headed  by  Fairfax  Wellington  and  164  others  ask- 
ing for  his  removal.  The  final  vote  resulted  in  the  choice 
of  Mr.  Hale  as  principal  of  Seymour  school.  Princi- 
pal Harris  like  Superintendent  Farnharn  had  become 
unpopular,  and  the  Board  had  undoubtedly  been  organ- 
ized with  reference  to  the  removal  of  both.  One  cause 
of  this  determined  opposition  to  Messrs.  Harris  and  Farn- 
ham,  was  their  active  work  in  political  caucuses  and  elec- 
tions. They  were  well  qualified  for  their  respective  posi- 
tions, and  had  served  the  city  faithfully  and  well.  They 
should  be  honored  for  integrity  and  uprightness  of 
character  and  for  their  zeal  in  doing  what  they  consid- 
ered their  duty  and  privilege  as  citizens  and  educators. 
Mr.  Farnharn  engaged  in  other  fields  of  labor  for  about 
four  years,  and  then  accepted  the  position  of  superin- 
tendent of  the  Binghamton  city  schools  where  he 
remained  several  years.  He  afterward  took  the  same 
position  at  Council  Bluffs,  la.,  and  has  but  just  resigned 
the  principalship  of  the  State  normal  school  at  Peru, 
Neb.  He  is  well-known  everywhere,  not  only  as  a 
teacher,  but  as  the  author  of  "  The  Sentence  Method 
of  Teaching  Reading." 

Mr.  Harris  opened  a  private  school  where  for  a  few 
years  he  received  better  remuneration  for  his  labor  than 
the  public  school  had  given  him  ;  but  becoming  tired 


SECOND    DECADE 


121 


of  teaching  he  engaged  in  business  and  accumulated 
quite  a  property.  Failing  health  compelled  him  to 
retire  from  all  labor  for  several  years  and  he  died  in 
1SS-,  honored  and  respected  by  all  who  knew  him. 

The  new  Genesee  school-house  lower  floor  was  occu- 
pied in  May  for  the  first  time.  A  room  seating  50  pupils 
was  rented  for  relieving  Irving  school,  the  library  of 
Seymour  school  was  seated,  and  an  addition  to  the  Put- 
nam school-house  was  made  at  a  cost  of  $1,000.  These 
facts  show  the  crowded  condition  of  the  schools  at  this 
period. 

Miss  Maria  Welch,  who  afterward  married  Dr.  Har- 
ris of  Geddes,  was  appointed  assistant  in  the  High 

school  and  remained 
several  years.  Miss 
Marian  Bushnell  was 
appointed  in  Put- 
nam school  and  has 
continued  to  this 
date  in  that  and  the 
central  senior,  Madi- 
son school  and  now 
is  the  principal  of  the 
Bassett  school.  She 
has  been  a  faithful, 
earnest,  conscien- 
tious teacher. 

The  salary  of  the 
MISS  MARIAN  BUSHNELL.  superintendent    was 


I'A-SKTT  SCHOOL. 


SECOND    DECADE  123 

raised  during  the  summer  to  $1,200.  Ansel  E.  Kinne 
resigned  the  principalship  of  Prescott  school  after  a 
service  of  nine  years,  having  been  appointed  superin- 
tendent of  the  Freedmen's  Bureau  of  Florida. 

The  resignation  of  Mr.  Kinne  was  accepted  with 
regret,  and  appropriate  and  commendatory  resolutions 
were  passed  relative  to  his  success  and  faithfulness  as  a 
principal  and  a  teacher.  W.  W.  Raymond  succeeded 
him. 

Townsend  and  several  other  schools  were  found  inca- 
pable of  seating  pupils  who  applied  for  admission,  and 
the  Common  Council  was  solicited  to  take  steps  look- 
ing to  an  increase  of  the  building  fund. 

In  March  a  communication  from  Mr.  Byrne  asking, 
in  conformity  to  the  laws  of  1850,  that  the  St.  Vincent 
de  Paul  Orphan  Asylum  children  be  allowed  to  partici- 
pate in  the  public  money.  A  committee  of  the  Board 
with  Mr.  Byrne  was  appointed  to  prepare  a  c?ise  and 
present  it  to  the  Court  for  its  decision  in  the  premises, 
at  the  same  time  expressing  a  desire  to  comply  with  the 
request  if  legal  to  do  so.  This  action  did  not  result  at 
that  time  in  a  favorable  decision  but  at  a  later  time, 
as  will  be  seen,  a  satisfactory  arrangement  was  entered 
into. 

On  March  24,  1864,  the  new  Board  re-elected  the  old 
officers.  Steps  were  immediately  taken  for  the  enlarge- 
ment of  Jefferson,  Townsend  and  Prescott  schools, 


124 


HISTORY    OF   THE    SCHOOLS    OF    SYRACUSE 


Misses  Clara  A.  Dean,  Carrie  G.  Morris,  and   Mercia 

Slocum,  principals 
respectively  of 
Montgomery,  Irv- 
ing and  Clinton 
schools  resigned, 
a  n  d  their  places 
were  filled  in  order 
by  the  appoint- 
ment of  Mrs.  Mari- 
etta S.  Avery,  Mrs. 
Lucy  M.  Brand, 
Mrs.  Charlotte  B. 
Hard. 


MRS.  LUCY  M."  BRAND. 


The  salary  of  the 
High  school  prin- 
cipal was  increased  $50,  those  of  the  ward  male  princi- 
pals $100,  those  of  women  principals  $50,  and  those  of 
other  teachers  proportionately.  The  entire  teaching 
force  consisted  of  5  men  and  90  women. 

Material  was  provided  for  illustrating  length,  weight 
and  color  in  the  primary  department,  the  omission  of 
physiology  and  the  substitution  of  elementary  geome- 
try in  the  junior  department. 

A.  G.  Salisbury  having  received  an  appointment 
under  the  government,  Theodore  Camp  was  appointed 
his  successor.  [.On  accepting]  Mr.  Salisbury's  resig- 


SEC02STD    DECADE  1&> 

nation  strong  resolutions  were  adopted,  setting  forth 
the  ability,  the  character,  and  the  success  of  Mr.  Salis- 
bury as  a  teacher  and  citizen. 

In  July  of  this  year  the  superintendent  notified  the 
Board  that  with  present  salaries,  many  of  the  teachers 
could  not  pay  their  living  expenses. 

A  committee  was  appointed,  and  reported  that  the 
school  funds  must  be  put  upon  a  broader  basis  than  the 
present,  in  order  to  compete  with  schools  in  other  cities, 
and  to  enable  Syracuse  to  hire  and  retain  such  teachers 
as  the  educational  interests  of  our  city  demands. 

A  special  meeting  was  called  in  January,  1865,  at 
which  the  Board  took  the  following  action  : 

"  WHEREAS,  The  condition  of  our  finances  is  such 
that  it  is,  at  present,  beyond  our  power  to  grant  this 
request  :  but,  recognizing  the  necessity  of  such  advance, 
therefore, 

"  Resolved,  That  upon  the  organization  of  the  next 
Board  of  Education,  we  will  use  our  utmost  efforts  and 
influence  to  have  such  advancement  made  and  in  such 
manner  that  the  teachers  may  receive  the  benefits  of 
the  same  for  the  present  year/" 

Action  was  also  taken  toward  amending  the  city 
charter,  thereby  giving  the  Council  power  to  raise  a 
greater  sum  to  be  applied  to  school  purposes. 

On  March  28,  1865,  the  new  Board  elected  Samuel  J. 
May  president.  The  increased  duties  of  the  clerk 


JOHN  II.  FKENCH. 


SECOND   DECADE  ,  127 

required  so  much  time  that  the  office  of  superintendent 
and  clerk  was  divided.  John  H.  French  was  chosen 
superintendent  and  principal  of  all  the  schools  ;  and 
Charles  E.  Stevens  clerk,  each  at  a  salary  of  $1,000. 

At  the  opening  of  the  spring  term  in  May  an  advance 
in  the  salaries  of  all  the  teachers  placed  the  compensa- 
tion of  the  principal  of  the  High  school  at  $1,200  ; 
other  men  principals  $1,000  ;  women  principals  $450  ; 
and  with  those  of  assistant  teachers  increased  in  the 
same  ratio.  There  were  107  teachers  on  the  pay-roll. 
The  entire  seating  capacity  of  all  the  schools  was  4,450 
and  the  number  in  attendance  4,400. 

In  September  the  superintendent,  John  H.  French, 
resigned  after  five  months'  service  to  become  the  vice- 
principal  and  professor  of  theory  and  practice  of  teach- 
ing in  the  State  Normal  school  at  Albany  for  a  short 
period,  when  he  became  State  superintendent  of  schools 
of  Vermont.  He  afterward  became  principal  of  the 
State  Normal  school  at  Indiana,  Pa.,  and  published  a 
series  of  arithmetics  which  have  had  a  wide  circulation. 
For  many  years  he  had  been  widely  known  as  an  insti- 
tute conductor,  and  he  finally  accepted  a  permanent 
position  in  the  institute  corps  of  New  York,  which 
place  he  filled  at  the  time  of  his  death  in  1888.  His 
funeral  was  held  in  St.  Paul's  church,  and  he  was 
buried  in  Oakwood. 

During  the  year  Townsend  and  Seymour  schools  had 
by  enlargements  added  to  the  seating  capacity  about  300. 


CHAUI.KS  E.  STEVENS. 


SECOND    DECADE  .2 

At  the  organization  in  March,  1SG6,  Rev.  Samuel  J. 
May  was  re-elected  president  ;  and  on  balloting  for 
clerk  and  superintendent.  Charles  E.  Stevens  received 
four  votes  and  Edward  Smith,  four  votes.  After  the 
third  ballot  with  the  same  result,  Mr.  Stevens  withdrew 
his  name  and  Mr.  Smith  was  elected  unanimously. 
This  was  within  about  four  weeks  of  the  end  of  the 
term  and  Mr.  Smith  continued  as  principal  to  its  close, 
acting  as  superintendent  before  and  after  school  and  on 
Saturday,  while  Mr.  Stevens  was  continued  under  pay 
attending  to  the  work  of  clerk  till  the  close  of  the  term. 

The  Board  of  Education  had  drifted  into  the  prac- 
tice of  providing  funds  to  pay  its  expenses  by  making 
loans  on  its  own  account,  and  now  such  a  loan  was 
made  for  $18,000. 

Another  advance  of  salaries  was  made  at  the  begin- 
ning of  this  school  year,  senior  principals  being  raised 
to  $1,200 ;  junior  to  $500 ;  with  the  same  relative 
advancement  for  assistant  teachers.  The  whole  num- 
ber appointed  was  116.  The  course  of  study  was  revised 
and  in  the  primary  grades  a  system  of  object  teaching 
was  introduced.  At  the  first  examination  of  teachers 
under  Mr.  Smith's  supervision,  38  entered  and  21  passed 
the  required  75$  and  received  the  certificates  of  the 
Board. 

Among  that  number  Miss  Abbie  Oroly  alone  remains 
a  teacher  in  the  city  schools  at  this  date.  Miss  Eliza  J. 
Leyden  is  now  teaching  in  the  high  school  at  Newark, 


130          HISTORY   OF   THE   SCHOOLS   OF   SYRACUSE 

N".  J.  Miss  Maggie  Dunn,  now  Mrs.  Farnham,  another 
of  the  class  taught  some  years  in  Salina  school.  She  is 
now  a  widow  and  resides  in  the  First  Ward.  Miss  Fan- 
nie Chesebro,  now  Mrs.  Clark,  taught  in  several  schools 
with  success,  married  and  is  now  a  kindergarten  teacher 
in  Keble  school  in  this  city.  Ebenezer  Butler,  for  a 
time  principal  of  Seymour  school,  resigning  to  take 
charge  of  the  schools  at  Whitehall,  afterward  returned 
to  the  city,  and  became  principal  in  the  village  of  Dan- 
forth,  as  already  noted  (p.  34).  He  is  now  in  business 
in  the  city.  There  are  others  of  that  class  living  here 
or  in  the  vicinity,  but  many  of  them  are  dead. 

J.  M.  Bayne  who  had  been  teaching  at  Fayetteville 
with  marked  success  was  appointed  principal  of  Salina 
school ;  but  failing  health  obliged  him  to  decline  the 
position  and  E.  M.  Wheeler  from  New  Boston  was 
selected  for  the  position. 

In  accordance  with  public  sentiment  expressed  at  a 
public  meeting  of  citizens  called  for  that  purpose  a 
formal  application  was  made  to  the  State  Department 
for  the  establishment  of  a  branch  normal  school  in  this 
city.  The  request  was  not  honored,  the  idea  at  Albany 
being  that  a  small  country  town  was  preferable. 

The  second  monthly  report  of  the  superintendent 
announced  the  successful  change  from  the  phonetic  to 
the  phonic  method  of  teaching  in  the  primary  depart- 
ment, good  progress  in  the  introduction  of  object  teach- 
ing, the  apparent  good  results  from  a  change  in  the 


SECOND    DECADE  131 

course  of  study,  etc.  Irving  school  had  been  enlarged 
during  the  year  by  an  addition  in  the  rear  at  a  cost  of 
$5,540  by  which  100  more  pupils  could  be  seated.  Pro- 
vision was  made  for  the  payment  of  the  principal  of  the 
Orphan  Asylum  school ;  only  the  assistant's  salary  had 
been  paid  hitherto. 

On  March  5,  18G7,  all  the  officers  of  the  Board  were 
re-elected.  Early  in  the  season  a  wood  house  on  Lodi 
street,  Second  Ward,  was  purchased  at  a  cost  of  $1,500 
for  a  primary  school.  It  was  made  ready  for  the  begin- 
ning of  the  May  term,  and  was  the  beginning  of  the 
Franklin  school. 

At  a  meeting  on  March  28,  the  use  of  corporal  pun- 
ishment in  the  city  schools  was  prohibited.  This  action 
caused  consternation  among  some  of  the  teachers,  and 
many  of  them  had  doubts  as  to  the  advisability  of  mak- 
ing public  such  a  radical  movement.  Some  of  the 
teachers  did  not  hesitate  to  say  that  all  means  for 
maintaining  order  had  been  taken  from  them.  Instead 
of  the  calamities  anticipated,  the  general  discipline  of 
the  schools  was  improved  and  the  atmosphere  of  almost 
every  room  became  brighter.  This  regulation  is  now 
in  force. 

A  contract  for  enlarging  Montgomery  school-house  at 
a  cost  of  $5,204  was  made  in  June  by  which  six  addi- 
tional rooms  were  secured.  A  lot  was  purchased  on 
West  Genesee  street  at  a  cost  of  $16,000  for  a  High 
school  and  plans  were  adopted  for  a  building  capable 


132          HISTORY   OF  THE   SCHOOLS   OF   SYRACUSE 

of  seating  000  pupils  ;  providing  rooms  for  the  Central 
Library  and  rooms  for  the  Board  of  Education.  The 
contract  was  let  to  J.  Grodevant  for  the  sum  of  $51,950 
and  the  building  on  the  lot  which  he  afterward  sold  for 
$1,500.  The  site  of  this  school-house  occupies  in  part 
the  ground  of  the  old  red  mill  of  early  times.  It  was 
low  and  required  much  filling  and  a  high  stone  wall  to 
be  built  on  the  bank  of  Onondaga  creek.  The  cost  of 
this  work  was  about  $3,000. 

A  lot  was  purchased  in  the  Second  Ward,  on  Butter- 
nut street,  for  $4,250  ;  and  a  lot  in  the  Fifth  Ward, 
between  Otisco  and  Tully  streets,  containing  12  x  18 
rods,  was  purchased  for  $4,700.  The  last  two  pur- 
chases were  to  be  paid  for  in  installments  in  from  five 
to  nine  years. 

Two  ungraded  winter  schools  were  opened  in  the 
autumn  of  this  year,  Daniel  Losey  having  in  charge  the 
one  in  the  First  Ward,  and  A.  E.  Kinne  of  one  in  the 
central  part  of  the  city.  Both  of  these  gentlemen  hav- 
ing been  in  charge  of  senior  schools  in  the  city  and 
known  to  possess  superior  ability  were  allowed  the 
same  salary  as  other  male  principals. 

Principal  T.  D.  Camp,  of  Putnam  school,  was  com- 
pelled on  account  of  ill-health  to  retire  from  the  school 
that  he  might  live  in  New  York  where  he  always  enjoyed 
good  health.  Mr.  Camp  had  been  in  Onondaga  academy 
before  his  appointment  to  the  Putnam  school.  He  was 


HIGH  SCHOOL. 


134 


HISTORY    OF    THE    SCHOOLS    OF    SYRACUSE 


popular  among  his  pupils  and  teachers,  and  but  for  fail- 
ing health  would  have 
remained  in  this  city. 
He  was  succeeded  by 
Mr.  Kinne.  The  Put- 
nam school  has  usually 
been  fortunate  in  its 
teachers,  and  many  of 
~f  i!  those  formerly  em- 

^jjj^^'  ^fefe  ployed   are    still   resi- 

dents of  Syracuse  or 
vicinity.  Among 
these  may  be  named 
Mrs.  W.  W.  Newman, 
formerly  Miss  E.  E. 
Williams. 

At  the  close  of  this 

year  T.  J.  Leach,  who  had  served  in   the   Board   four 

years  retired  with   expressions  of  regret  from  all  his 

associates. 


MRS.  W.  W.  NEWMAN. 


CHAPTER  IV 
THIRD  DECADE— 1868  TO  1877 


In  March,  1868,  the  Board  organized  by  electing  the 
old  officers. 

Another  strong  petition  came  to  the  Board  from  the 
Townsend  district,  asking  that  the  school  be  made  a 
senior  school  and  a  German  teacher  of  high  grade  be 
employed.  This  called  out  a  full  report  from  a  major- 
ity of  the  committee,,  consisting  of  S.  J.  May  and  Orrin 
Welch,  against  granting  the  request,  mainly  on  the 
grounds  that  the  language  of  our  country  is  English 
and  the  common  school  should  be  confined  to  it ;  since 
the  aim  of  our  schools  is  to  prepare  for  citizenship. 
John  L.  Roehner,  the  other  member  of  the  committee, 
gave  a  minority  report  favoring  the  request  because  his 
constituents  desired  an  additional  teacher  of  the  Ger- 
man language.  The  majority  report  was  adopted. 

The  superintendent  reported  twenty-three  successful 
candidates  from  the  annual  teachers"  examination  and 
certificates  were  granted  to  them.  Among  the  number 
was  Mary  L.  Dwyre,  who  proved  to  be  a  superior  teacher. 

She  began  work  in  1868  in  Montgomery  school,  and 

(135) 


136  HISTORY   OF   THE   SCHOOLS   OF   SYRACUSE 

from  there  went  to  Putnam  school,  and  after  17  or  18 
years  of  successful  teaching  she  asked  leave  of  absence  to 
attend  the  Cook  County,  111.,  Normal  school,  Col.  F. 
W.  Parker,  principal.  After  completing  her  course 
there  she  returned  to  this  city  according  to  the  condi- 
tions of  the  leave  of  absence,  though  she  could  have 
received  a  higher  salary  in  the  west.  She  is  now  in 
charge  of  the  training  school  located  in  the  Putnam 
building,  where  her  influence  and  her  systematic  teach- 
ing are  seen  in  the  well-trained,  competent  teachers  pre- 
pared for  the  future  employment  in  our  schools. 

During  the  year  May  school  building  was  erected  by 
J.  Grodevant  at  a  cost  of  $15,875,  unfurnished.  When 
completed  and  ready  for  use  the  entire  cost  was  over 
$20,000.  A  contract  for  seating  the  High  school  was 
made  at  the  same  time. 

Invitations  to  the  Board  to  attend  the  inauguration 
ceremonies  of  Cornell  university  were  accepted  and  sev- 
eral members  of  the  Board  and  superintendent  were 
present.  The  high  standing  of  this  institution  is  largely 
due  to  the  wisdom  and  scholarship  of  our  townsman, 
Hon.  Andrew  D.  White,  its  first  president. 

Late  in  the  season  a  box  came  from  Europe  filled  with 
books,  and  the  following  commmunication  was  sent  to 
the  Board  : 

"  To  the  Board  of  Education, 

'•  GENTLEMEN  : — During  our  recent  visit  in  Europe, 
recognizing  our  obligation  to  the  educational  interests 


MAY  SCHOOL, 


138  HISTORY    OF   THE    SCHOOLS    OF    SYRACUSE 

under  your  control,  and  desiring  to  add  to  the  useful- 
ness and  attractiveness  of  the  excellent  public  library 
which  you  are  now  gathering,  we  obtained  certain  works 
which  we  have  the  honor  to  place  in  your  hands,  as  a 
gift  to  our  fellow-citizens.  The  first  presents  a  full  set 
of  The  London  Builder,  an  illustrated  periodical  on 
architecture  and  engineering  in  twenty-four  volumes 
folio.  The  second  named  presents  a  full  set  of  The  Lon- 
don Illustrated  News,  a  periodical  on  contemporary  art 
and' history  in  fifty-one  volumes  folio.  In  the  hope  that 
these  works,  presenting  as  they  do,  not  only  news  of 
the  daily  life  of  other  nations,  but  also  their  most  recent 
works  on  civil,  domestic,  church  and  school  architect- 
ure, may  be  practically  beneficial  and  a  source  of  not 
only  pleasure,  but  of  profit,  we  remain,  very  respect- 
fully and  truly  yours, 

ANDREW  D.  WHITE, 

BARRETT  R.  WHITE." 

This  gift  was  accepted  and  the  president  acknowl- 
edged it  with  the  thanks  of  the  Board. 

The   late   Hon.   Dennis   McCarthy,  our   member   of 
congress,  also  contributed   eighty-one  volumes  of  The 
Congressional   Globe  and  appendix  to  the  Central  Li- 
brary.    A  vote  of  thanks  in  behalf  of  the  Board  and 
citizens  was  unanimously  passed. 

In  February,  1869,  E.  T.  Zalinski,  a  former  pupil  of 
the  High  school,  and  then  a  lieutenant  of  the  United 
States  navy,  sent  a  communication  notifying  the  princi- 


POBERT  BUUCE  WHTTK, 


140          HISTORY    OF   THE    SCHOOLS   OF   SYRACUSE 

pal  of  the  school  that  he  had  shipped  to  the  superin- 
tendent a  hogshead  of  coral,  gathered  personally  by  him 
at  Key  West,  where  he  was  stationed,  in  acknowledg- 
ment of  the  lasting  benefit  he  had  received  while  a 
member  of  that  institution.  This  was  received  with 
thanks  to  the  donor  and  the  valuable  specimens  sent  are 
now  located  in  the  cabinet  in  the  High  school  building. 

On  account  of  abundance  of  room  in  the  High  school 
building  and  a  lack  of  room  in  most  of  the  ward  schools, 
the  two  highest  classes  in  the  senior  department  were 
combined  and  transferred  to  the  High  school  building, 
thus  forming  another  school  called  the  Central  senior 
school  and  to  occupy  the  second  floor,  while  the 
High  school  would  be  located  on  the  third  floor.  All 
senior  schools  except  Salina  were  included  in  this 
arrangement,  and  A.  E.  Kinne  was  appointed  princi- 
pal, and  R.  B.  White  was  appointed  to  Mr.  Kinne's 
place  in  Putnam  school. 

Petitions  for  and  remonstrances  against  the  appoint- 
ment of  Mr.  Roundy  as  principal  of  the  High  school 
were  sent  to  the  Board.  This  created  quite  an  excite- 
ment for  a  few  days,  but  resulted  in  the  appointment 
of  Mr.  Roundy  with  a  salary  of  $2,000.  He  was  also 
given  leave  of  absence  for  two  weeks  for  the  purpose  of 
visiting  similar  high  institutions.  In  November  of  this 
year  a  resolution  was  passed  by  the  Board  requiring  a 
reduction  in  the  salaries  of  teachers  for  absence  from 
their  schools  for  any  other  cause  than  personal  sick- 


N.  B.  SMITH. 


142  HISTORY    OF   THE    SCHOOLS   OF   SYRACUSE 

ness.     The  reason  for  this  was  the  supposed  negligence 
of  some  in  the  discharge  of  their  duties. 

Nearly  at  the  close  of  this  year  St.  Vincent  de  Paul 
Orphan  Asylum  was  placed  under  the  supervision  of 
the  Board  on  the  same  conditions  as  the  Onondaga 
County  Orphan  Asylum.  A  letter  was  received  from 
Rev.  Mr.  May,  dated  at  Washington,  D.  C.,  resigning 
his  position  as  president  of  the  Board  on  account  of 
increasing  infirmaties  and  frequent  absences  from  the 
city. 

Commissioner  N.  B.  Smith,  who  had  been  acting  as 
president  pro  tern.,  presented  a  paper  recounting  the 
services  rendered  by  liev.  S.  J.  May  during  his  six  years 
of  labor  in  the  Board,  in  all  Mr.  May's  relations  with 
the  Board,  with  the  teachers,  the  scholars  and  parents, 
he  had  proved  himself  just,  kind  and  true ;  and  so 
honest  and  serious  were  his  purposes,  that  he  rarely 
failed  in  reaching  right  conclusions.  He  was  unwearied 
in  his  labors,  he  looked  after  the  capacity  and  welfare 
of  the  teachers,  gave  attention  to  the  erection  and 
repair  of  school-houses,  kept  himself  informed  of  the 
condition  and  wants  of  the  library,  and  always  aimed 
to  make  the  course  of  study  complete  and  practical,  so 
as  to  be  a  fit  preparation  for  a  business  life.  In  one 
respect  Mr.  May  had  failed  in  the  accomplishment  of 
a  long-cherished  desire.  He  believed  that  a  reform 
school  for  truant  and  refractory  children  was  greatly 
needed  in  our  city  and  would  have  rejoiced  to  give  his 
time  and  attention  to  its  establishment. 


» - 


O.    C.    HlNMAN. 


144          HISTORY   OF   THE    SCHOOLS   Of   SYRACUSE 

Principal  White  resigned  his  position  in  Putnam 
school  to  engage  in  other  business  and  0.  C.  Hinman 
was  appointed  to  succeed  him.  Mr.  White  had  been  in 
the  city  schools  one  year  and  had  secured  the  approbation 
and  the  respect  of  all  who  saw  his  power  as  a  discipli- 
narian and  a  teacher. 

In  the  autumn  of  this  year  Prof.  Hart,  a  graduate  of 
Cornell  university,  proposed  to  the  Board  on  condition 
of  having  paid  to  him  the  sum  of  $200,  to  furnish  a 
case  of  labelled  minerals  from  Brazil  for  the  cabinet, 
and  a  course  of  ten  lectures  before  the  city  teachers  and 
the  Board.  The  sum  was  paid  to  Mr.  Hart  and  he 
faithfully  discharged  his  obligation  the  next  season 
to  his  credit  and  the  profit  of  his  auditors.  He  also 
donated  two  cases  of  South  American  butterflies. 

In  the  autumn  plans  and  specifications  for  Franklin 
school  were  adopted  and  the  contract  let  for  enclosing 
the  structure  and  finishing  the  lower  floor  at  a  con- 
tract price  of  $13,400.  In  the  spring  of  1871  Genesee 
school-house  was  raised  one  story  at  a  cost  of  $5,150. 
This  was  largely  done  to  provide  a  permanent  place  for 
ungraded  and  evening  schools,  where  they  were  con- 
tinued for  a  number  of  years  and  until  the  regular 
school  required  the  room. 

The  25th  annual  session  of  the  New  York  State 
Teachers'  Association  was  held  in  this  city,  July  26. 
The  members  of  the^Board,  the  superintendent,  and  a 
few  other  citizens  were  on  the  committee  of  arrange- 


WAI-TEH  A.  BHOWNEI.L. 


146  HISTORY    OF   THE    SCHOOLS    OF    SYRACUSE 

ments  ;  and  liberal  gifts  of  money  were  raised  among 
business  men  toward  defraying  the  expenses.  The  ses- 
sion was  largely  attended. 

Through  a  course  of  lectures  held  in  the  assembly- 
rooms  of  the  High  school  $400  was  raised  for  the  pur- 
chase of  a  piano. 

On  January  27,  1871,  Patrick  McCarthy,  the  librar- 
ian, died  after  a  service  of  many  years.  He  was  a 
conscientious,  earnest  and  faithful  employee,  and  did 
good  work  in  organizing  the  Central  Library.  The 
Board  passed  fitting  resolutions,  and  attended  his 
funeral  in  a  body. 

Mr.  Roundy  having  been  for  some  time  failing  in 
health  resigned  his  position  in  the  High  school,  and  a 
resolution  highly  approving  of  his  work  and  expressing 
sympathy  for  his  enfeebled  health  was  unanimously 
adopted. 

A.  G.  Salisbury  was  unanimously  appointed  tem- 
porary principal,  and  remained  in  the  school  to  the 
close  of  the  school  year,  when  W.  A.  Brownell  was  made 
principal,  at  a  salary  of  $2,500.  After  one  year  he 
was  made  teacher  of  natural  science,  being  in  turn  suc- 
ceeded at  the  same  salary  by  Samuel  Thurber  of  Mas- 
sachusetts. 

Up  to  this  time  the  school  year  had  been  divided  into 
three  terms.  It  was  now  divided  into  two  terms,  exam- 
inations to  be  held  at  the  end  of  each.  An  addition 
was  made  to  Salina  school  at  a  cost  of  $2,500  ;  and  the 


THIRD    DECADE  147 

lot  was  purchased  for  Madison  school  at  $6,000.     The 
old  Franklin  school  on  Lodi  street  was  sold. 

Principal    J.    B.    Brigham    resigned   from    Prescott 
school,  and  W.  A.  Welch  was  made  his  successor.     In 


WHEATON  A.  WELCH. 

August  a  resolution  was  passed  by  the  Board  discontinu- 
ing the  teaching  of  the  German  language  in  any  city 
school  except  the  High  school.  Miss  Margaret  Barber 
was  made  principal  of  Montgomery  school.  The  Board 
adopted  a  regulation  forbidding  the  use  of  any  system 
of  rewards  either  for  deportment  or  lessons.  The  plans 
for  the  Madison  school  having  been  completed  the  con- 
tract was  let  to  J.  Grodevant  for  the  sum  of  $17,500. 


148  HISTORY    OF   THK    SCHOOLS   OF   SYRACUSE 

In  October  the  Putnam  school-house  was  destroyed 
by  fire,  the  walls  only  remaining.  In  order  to  continue 
the  school  the  C  senior  and  A  junior  classes  were 
transferred  to  the  upper  story  of  the  Genesee  building, 
the  other  junior  classes  to  the  Prescott  school.  Eooins 
for  the  primary  department  were  secured  on  Salina 
street,  on  the  second  floor  of  the  Washington  block. 
A  contract  was  entered  into  for  the  immediate  repair 
of  the  Putnam  building  to  be  completed  January  1,  1872. 

The  usual  evening  schools  were  opened  in  the  fall  ; 
the  First  AVard  school  with  Mr.  Lawrence  principal, 
and  the  central  school  with  Daniel  Losey  as  principal, 
assisted  by  J.  B.  Brigham  and  Rev.  Mr.  Miller.  E.  M. 
Wheeler  who  had  served  since  18G6  resigned  the  princi- 
palship  of  Salina  school  and  was  followed  by  J.  B. 
Brigham,  five  months  after  his  resignation  from  Pres- 
cott school.  Mr.  Wheeler  engaged  in  teaching  in  other 
places  and  in  preaching.  He  was  killed  in  the  spring 
of  1892  by  being  thrown  from  a  carriage. 

H.  P.  Stark  was,  at  his  own  suggestion,  allowed  to 
teach  music  in  the  primary  department  of  Putnam 
school  as  an  experiment  and  without  compensation. 
This  was  the  first  systematic  introduction  of  music  into 
the  public  schools  of  this  city. 

Measures  for  enforcing  vaccination  were  adopted  and 
all  pupils  were  required  to  be  vaccinated. 

Principal  Welch  resigned  from  Prescott  school,  after 
a  service  of  one  year,  to  take  charge  of  Public  School 


MADISON  SCHOOL. 


150          HISTORY   OF   THE    SCHOOLS   OF   SYRACUSE 

No.  7,  Brooklyn.  He  was  afterward  transferred  to  No. 
35,  one  of  the  largest  in  the  city,  and  held  this  position 
at  his  death,  November  3,  1892.  Miss  Jennie  Mar- 
lette  also  resigned.  She  had  been  teaching  about  ten 
years  :  two  in  Jefferson  school,  five  in  Prescott  school, 
one  as  principal  of  Montgomery,  and  two  in  the  Cen- 
tral Senior  school.  After  leaving  here  she  taught  in 
Burlington,  Vt.,  and  married. 

At  the  beginning  of  the  year  Chancellor  Peck  of 
Syracuse  university  came  before  the  Board  with  a  plan 
for  establishing  a  preparatory  university  course  of 
study  in  the  High  school  "  for  the  benefit  of  such  pupils 
as  may  hereafter  desire  to  attend  that  institution. "  The 
proposition  was  not  favorably  received,  on  the  ground 
that  the  High  school  is  a  part  of  the  public  school  sys- 
tem and  would  be  embarassed  by  having  any  part  of  the 
course  of  study  directed  or  in  any  way  controlled  by  a 
denominational  institution. 

The  abandoned  school  premises  known  as  the  Fayette 
and  the  Lodi  schools  (Nos.  6  and  10)  were  sold  and  the 
proceeds  applied  toward  the  erection  of  the  new  Madi- 
son school. 

After  an  existence  of  four  years  the  Central  Senior 
school  was  abandoned  and  the  senior  classes  were  sent 
back  to  their  respective  districts. 

Some  changes  in  the  course  of  study  were  made  this 
year  among  which  was  the  limiting  of  technical  gram- 
mar to  a  two  years'  course,  confined  to  the  last  two 


THIRD    DECADE  151 

years  in  the  grammar  schools,,  the  year  preceding  to  be 
devoted  to  oral  teaching  of  language  and  sentential 
constructions. 

The  dividing  of  the  school  year  into  two  terms  had 
caused  some  friction  at  first.  The  High  school  had 
increased  in  numbers,  and  Principal  Thurber  recom- 
mended the  adoption  of  semi-annual  promotion  as  in  the 
lower  grades.  Since  then  two  classes  have  been  received 
into  the  High  school  each  year.  Up  to  this  time  pupils  had 
not  been  required  to  pass  in  every  study  of  the  Regents' 
preliminary  examinations,  but  were  frequently  admitted 
conditionally.  Now,  however,  75$  in  all  studies  was 
required  for  admission,  but  if  the  pupil  stood  75$  on 
the  average  and  fell  below  only  in  one  study,  and  not 
lower  than  65$  in  that  he  might  be  allowed  to  go  on 
upon  condition  that  his  failure  shall  be  made  up  during 
the  first  year. 

In  accordance  with  a  circular  of  Gen.  Eaton,  Com- 
missioner of  the  Bureau  of  Education,  asking  that  all 
schools  be  represented  at  the  Worlds'  Fair  in  Vienna  in 
1873,  preparations  were  made  and  completed  early  in 
the  coming  year  for  the  presentation  of  such  statistics 
as  that  circular  required. 

George  F.  Griffin,  teacher  of  classical  literature  in 
the  High  school,  and  Principal  J.  B.  Brigham  of 
Salina  school,  resigned,  and  were  followed  by  Giles  F. 
Hawley  and  Daniel  Ayers.  Miss  Mary  F.  Rhoades  was 
appointed  teacher  of  German  in  the  High  school. 


OKIUN  WELCH. 


THIRD    DECADE  153 

An  effort,  first  proposed  by  Kev.  Mr.  May,  but  ap- 
proved by  nearly  all  members  of  the  Board,  had  been 
repeatedly  made  to  induce  the  city  to  inaugurate  a 
reform  school  but  the  cost  of  starting  and  maintaining 
such  an  institution  was  considered  too  great  a  burden. 

At  the  beginning  of  this  year  a  suggestion  was  made 
that  the  Central  ungraded  school,  which  had  been  held 
only  during  the  winter,  be  continued  through  the  sum- 
mer, and  that  irregular  or  refractory  pupils  from  the 
ward  schools  be  required  to  attend  there.  This  was 
adopted  by  the  Board  and  promised  well  for  a  time 
under  the  charge  of  Daniel  Losey.  But  after  a  while, 
it  became  unpopular  among  parents  who  associated 
with  it  the  stigma  of  a  reform  school.  Late  in  the 
year  it  was  abandoned.  It  lacked  the  authority  of  law 
for  compulsory  attendance. 

In  January,  1874,  Daniel  Ayres  resigned  the  princi- 
palship  of  Salina  school,  and  E.  B.  White,  who  had  by 
his  former  record  gained  the  confidence  of  the  public, 
was  made  his  successor. 

Late  in  this  season  the  High  school  suffered  a  loss  by 
the  death  of  Charles  J.  Foote,  teacher  of  French.  By 
his  tact,  industry,  and  enthusiasm  he  had  kept  up 
a  good  degree  of  interest  in  this  branch  of  study,  and  by 
his  practical  methods  and  his  earnestness,  had  stimu- 
lated other  teachers  to  better  work  in  their  departments. 
His  funeral  was  attended  by  the  Board  in  a  body,  and 
appropriate  resolutions  were  entered  upon  the  records. 
Mrs,  Foote  was  appointed  his  successor. 


154          HISTORY   OF   THE   SCHOOLS   OF   SYRACUSE 

On  March  4,  1874,  Orrin  Welch  was  elected  president 
of  the  Board. 

A  petition  was  presented  from  several  physicians  ask- 
ing for  a  change  in  the  hours  of  the  sessions  of  the  High 
school  on  account  of  the  health  of  pupils.  After  sev- 
eral trials  of  different  hours  it  was  finally  settled  that 
one  session  from  8:30  A.  M.  to  1:15  P.  M.  with  a  short 
recess  was  the  best  plan  for  the  good  of  the  whole, 
and  essentially  this  arrangement  has  continued  up  to 
this  time. 

In  June,  a  new  election  for  librarian  resulted  in  the 
choice  of  John  S.  Clark  in  place  of  Wm.  McCarthy. 

Lots  were  purchased  and  wooden  buildings  erected 
in  the  Fifth  and  Seventh  Wards,  at  a  cost  respectively 
of  $7,019.15  and  $8,891.41.  These  are  known  as  the 
Grace  and  the  Adams  schools.  Jefferson  school  was 
also  enlarged  by  an  addition  on  the  west  side  and  by 
making  it  a  three-story  building,  at  a  cost  of  $5,000. 
An  outlay  of  $1,185.97  was  put. upon  the  Madison  school 
lot  for  grading  and  fencing. 

John  F.  Dee  was  appointed  assistant  clerk  in  place  of 
Charles  J.  Miller.  Giles  F.  Hawley  resigned  his  place 
as  teacher  in  the  High  school  and  Ebenezer  Butler  as 
principal  of  Seymour  school.  At  the  annual  appoint- 
ment of  teachers,  Joseph  W.  Taylor  was  appointed 
principal  of  Seymour  school,  Miss  Myra  Cool  principal 
of  Grace  school,  and  Miss  Mary  Burke  principal  of 
Adams  school. 


OLD  GRACE  SCHOOL. 


156  HISTORY   OF   THE   SCHOOLS   OF   SYRACUSE 

During  this  year  the  Walter  Smith's  System  of  Draw- 
ing was  adopted,  and  the  first  general  exhibition  of  this 
subject  in  the  public  schools  was  held  in  the  High 
school  building  under  the  direction  of  Mrs.  Mary  D. 
Hicks,  teacher  of  drawing  in  the  public  schools.  Selec- 
tions were  made  from  every  class  in  the  city,  and  the 
work  put  upon  suitable  frames  and  tables  where  it 
could  be  easily  examined. 

E.  F.  Ballou,  teacher  of  music,  made  a  report,  this 
being  the  close  of  the  second  year  of  the  teaching  of 
this  branch  in  all  the  public  schools  of  this  city,  in 
which  he  said  that  all  grades  above  the  primary  could 
successfully  analyze  and  perform  the  chromatic  scale, 
and  that  by  another  year  this  subject  would  be  thor- 
oughly established  and  graded  in  the  schools. 

A  feeling  of  insecurity  as  to  the  safety  of  some  of 
the  school  buildings  had  become  somewhat  prevalent, 
and  architects  were  employed  to  examine  them.  Some 
of  these  were  strengthened,  among  them  the  Salina, 
Franklin,  May,  Seymour  and  Genesee  buildings. 

Another  course  of  lectures  was  prepared  and  given 
by  the  High  school  pupils  before  large  audiences  in  the 
autumn  and  the  proceeds  applied  to  the  purchase  of 
apparatus  for  the  use  of  the  High  school.  Prof. 
Brownell  offered  to  the  Board  a  large  collection  of 
minerals,  classified  and  labelled  for  the  cabinet  for  $150. 
This  collection  would  bring  a  much  larger  sum,  but 
something  of  the  kind  was  needed  for  study  of  this  sub- 
ject. The  offer  was  accepted. 


ADAMS  SCHOOL. 


Io8          HISTORY   OF   THE   SCHOOLS   OF   SYRACUSE 

The  new  organization  was  affected  March,  1875.  W. 
A.  Duncan  was  then  elected  president. 

Ever  since  the  organization  of  the  High  school  there 
had  been  an  element  in  our  city  in  opposition  to  it  as  a 
free  school  maintained  by  tax.  This  year  although  the 
cost  of  maintaining  that  institution  had  been  propor- 
tionally reduced  from  preceding  years  the  same  com- 
plaints were  repeated.  Principal  Thurber,  by  request, 
prepared  some  statistics  comparing  the  condition  of  the 
school  in  1872  when  he  became  principal  with  the  present. 
There  had  been  an  increase  of  one  teacher,  and  an  in- 
crease of  ninety-eight  pupils.  The  salaries  had  increased 
5$  while  the  pupils  had  increased  60$.  The  course  of 
study  had  been  lengthened  one  year,  thereby  increasing 
the  number  of  classes  25$  ;  while  the  cost  of  instruction 
was  nearly  15$  less  in  1875  than  in  1872.  The  income  of 
the  Board  of  Education  for  the  benefit  of  the  High 
school,  beside  the  city  appropriation,  comes  from  two 
sources  :  1st.  Tuition  from  non-resident  pupils ;  2d. 
The  Regents'  appropriation,  which  is  dependent  upon 
the  number  of  pupils  holding  Regents'  certificates  and 
styled  academic  pupils.  In  1872  there  were  134  such 
scholars,  and  in  1875  there  would  probably  be  240, 
showing  an  increase  of  106  or  more  than  79$.  These 
facts  plainly  show  that  economy  in  conducting  the 
expenses  of  the  High  school  had  been  studied  and  that 
in  comparison  with  other  schools  of  the  kind,  in  this 
or  other  States,  it  would  be  hard  to  find  any  more  eco- 
nomically conducted. 


W.  A.  DUNCAN. 


160          HISTORY    OF   THE    SCHOOLS   OF   SYRACUSE 

On  April  4th  the  Salina  school  house  was  burned  to 
the  ground,  and  the  plans  for  a  new  building  were 
adopted  and  the  contract  let  for  $14,256.  The  Common 
Council  was  asked  to  increase  the  sum  for  building  pur- 
poses to  meet  this  unexpected  contingency.  The  pupils 
of  Salina  school  were  provided  for  temporarily  by  put- 
ting the  primary  department  in  the  abandoned  Catholic 
church  of  the  First  Ward,  the  junior  pupils  in  Jefferson 
school,  and  the  senior  pupils  in  Genesee  school. 

The  action  of  the  Board  by  which  an  increase  of  $50 
a  year  was  added  to  the  salary  of  the  graduates  of  the 
High  school  who  had  spent  one  year  in  preparation  for 
teaching  was  a  stimulant  for  better  prepared  teachers. 
An  invitation  to  the  Board  to  visit  the  bust  of  Eev. 
S.  J.  May  by  Miss  Belle  Gilford  at  the  residence  of  J. 
L.  Bagg,  Esq.,  was  received  and  accepted.  Subse- 
quently the  following  communication  was  received  : 

"  To  the  Board  of  Education  of  the  City  of  Syracuse, 
"  GENTLEMEN  : — At  a  meeting  last  evening  of  the 
subscribers  to  the  fund  for  the  purchase  of  the  marble 
bust  of  the  late  Rev.  Samuel  J.  May,  by  Miss  Belle  Gif- 
ford,  an  artist  of  our  city,  and  educated  in  our  public 
schools,  it  was  voted  that  the  bust  should  be  offered  to 
the  Board  of  Education  of  the  City  of  Syracuse,  to  be 
placed  in  the  Central  library  rooms  of  the  High  school 
building.  With  two  exceptions,  the  subscribers  to  the 
fund  are  members  of  the  religious  society  to  which  Mr. 
May  was  for  more  than  twenty  years  the  minister,  and 


THIRD    DECADE  161 

there  was  a  very  earnest  wish  on  the  part  of  many  of 
them  to  place  this  beautiful  work  of  art  in  their  church 
edifice.  But  the  deep  interest  which  Mr.  May  took  in 
the  education  of  the  people,  his  faithful  and  efficient 
services  to  the  schools  of  the  city,  his  long  membership 
of  your  Board  and  the  special  aid  which  he  rendered  in 
the  establishment  of  the  High  school  and  the  erection  of 
the  beautiful  building  it  occupies  and  where,  if  placed, 
the  bust  would  be  so  much  more  accessible  to  the  public, 
were  controlling  considerations  in  the  decision  which  was 
finally  made  as  to  its  disposition.  At  the  same  meeting 
a  committee  was  appointed,  of  which  the  undersigned 
are  members  to  communicate  the  action  which  was  had 
to  the  Board  of  Education  and  to  arrange  with  them 
for  the  transfer  and  reception  of  the  bust. 
Very  respectfully, 

W.  BROWN  SMITH, 
N.  C.  POWERS, 
Mrs.  0.  T.  BURT, 
Mrs.  R.  W.  PEASE, 
E.  B.  JUDSON, 
DUDLEY  P.  PHELPS, 
J.  L.  BAGG." 

On  September  18,  1875,  the  bust  was  placed  in  the 
middle  alcove  of  the  Central  library,  in  front  of  the 
main  entrance.  The  Rev.  S.  R.  Calthrop,  pastor  of 
the  Unitarian  Society,  in  behalf  of  the  donors,  pre- 
sented the  bust  to  the  city  of  Syracuse,  to  be  in  charge 


1G2          HISTORY   OF   THE   SCHOOLS   OF   SYRACUSE 

of  the  Board  df  Education.  W.  A.  Duncan,  president 
of  the  Board  of  Education,  in  behalf  of  the  citizens  of 
Syracuse  and  the  Board  accepted  the  bust,  and  intro- 
duced Hon.  Andrew  D.  White,  president  of  Cornell 
university,  as  the  principal  speaker.  He  gave  a  glow- 
ing tribute  to  the  character  of  Mr.  May,  and  in  closing, 
said  :  "This  bust  would  endure  as  a  memorial  of  Mr. 
May's  character  ;  for  the  serene  face  would  for  years 
radiate  that  benign  influence  which  would  cause  some- 
one to  take  up  again  the  good  work  he  had  loved  so 
well." 

In  October  of  this  year  the  Central  ungraded  school 
was  opened  with  Daniel  Losey,  principal,  assisted  by 
A.  B.  Blodgett  and  George  W.  Hey  ;  and  the  evening 
school  under  charge  of  J.  Weed  Monroe  assisted  by  A. 
S.  Durston  and  A.  B.  Blodgett.  Later  Mr.  Blodgett 
was  transferred  to  the  principalship  of  the  First  Ward 
ungraded  school,  J.  F.  Belknap  taking  his  place,  and 
James  F.  Steele  becoming  assistant  in  the  First  Ward 
school. 

The  plan  recommended  by  the  Commissioner  of  Edu- 
cation at  Washington  for  representing  the  city  systems 
of  schools  at  the  Centennial  Exposition  was  adopted, 
providing  for  a  large  card  giving  a  synopsis  of  the  pub- 
lic school  system  in  respect  to  the  subjects  taught  in 
each  grade,  the  number  and  designation  of  each  grade, 
with  the  number  of  pupils  in  each  by  sexes,  the  same  in 
respect  to  teachers,  the  salaries  of  teachers  by  sexes, 


A.  B.  BLOUGETT. 


164          HISTORY   OF  THE   SCHOOLS   OF   SYRACUSE 

the  population  of  the  city,  the  taxable  property,  amount 
of  taxes,  school  population,  amount  of  school  taxes,  etc. 
Numerous  items  in  relation  to  orphan  asylums,  private 
schools,  business  colleges,  schools  of  pharmacy  and  den- 
tistry, female  colleges,  Sunday  schools,  public  libraries, 
art  museums,  scientific  museums,  associations  for  mutual 
improvement,  including  their  character,  number  of 
members,  value  of  libraries,  collections,  and  instru- 
ments, etc. 

The  president  in  his  inaugural  recommended  retrench- 
ment as  far  as  possible.  Among  other  means  for 
accomplishing  this,  all  first  year  pupils  might  be  limited 
to  half-day  attendance,  half  coming  in  the  forenoon  and 
the  others  in  the  afternoon.  This  had  been  in  opera- 
tion before,  but  was  not  strictly  observed. 

A  reduction  of  about  thirty  assistant  teachers  from  the 
preceding  year  had  been  made  possible  by  consolidation 
and  dividing  the  C  primary  classes  ;  but  many  of  those 
dropped  were  employed  before  the  expiration  of  the 
year,  some  on  account  of  resignations  and  some  be- 
cause of  large  increase  of  pupils.  A  resolution  was 
adopted  reducing  the  salary  of  all  High  school  teachers 
having  $1,000  or  upwards  10$. 

In  November  the  schools  were  closed  for  a  week  to 
give  the  teachers  the  opportunity  of  visiting  the  Cen- 
tennial Exposition  at  Philadelphia.  On  account  of  the 
crowded  condition  of  Prescott  school  one  class  of  senior 
pupils  was  transferred  to  Genesee  school,  thereby  mak- 


THIRD    DECADE  165 

ing  it  partially  a  senior  school.     This  has  continued  to 
the  present  time. 

The  ungraded  schools  in  the  First  and  Third  Wards 
were  opened  in  the  fall  under  the  principalships  of  Jas. 
A.  Allis  and  James  M.  Gilbert  respectively,  and  an 
evening  school  in  Genesee  school-house  with  J.  Weed 
Monroe  as  principal. 

The  organization  of  the  Board,  March  6,  1877,  was 
effected  with  no  change  in  commissioners.  J.  W. 
Barker  was  elected  president.  The  year  beginning 
March  6,  1877,  was  marked  by  changes  and  reductions 
in  salaries.  Although  last  year  the  number  of  teachers 
had  been  reduced  by  more  than  thirty,  and  the  salaries 
of  High  school  teachers  had  been  reduced  10$,  the  Com- 
mon Council  by  a  committee  of  conference  with  the 
Board  of  Education  urged  still  greater  reductions,  but 
finally  granted  the  sum  asked  for  general  purposes,  dis- 
allowing the  building  fund. 

E.  F.  Ballon,  teacher  of  music,  resigned,  because  of 
pressure  upon  the  Board  ;  and  George  A.  Bacon,  assist- 
ant in  the  High  school,  was  dropped  by  the  Board  from 
lack  of  funds.  The  High  school  course  was  reduced 
to  a  three-years'  course. 

The  salary  of  assistant  teachers  were  reduced,  and 
that  of  the  superintendent  dropped  to  $1,800.  Soon 
after  the  appointment  of  teachers,  Principal  Taylor 
resigned  from  Seymour  school,  and  R.  B.  White  was 
transferred  to  the  position,  A.  B.  Blodgett  being  ap- 


166  HISTORY    OF   THE    SCHOOLS    OF    SYRACUSE 

pointed  principal  of  Salina  school.  At  a  meeting  in 
August  the  salary  of  male  principals  was  made  $1,200. 

The  basis  of  admission  to  the  High  school  from  the 
advanced  A  senior  classes  was  made  the  same  as  for 
passing  from  the  lower  grades,  i.e.,  75$  in  each  study. 

At  the  opening  of  the  September  term  it  was  found 
necessary  to  employ  more  teachers  in  a  number  of  the 
schools  on  account  of  the  increased  attendance. 

Notwithstanding  the  strictest  economy,  as  the  year 
drew  near  its  close,  the  funds  were  so  limited  that  the 
clerk  was  instructed  to  write  to  the  Superintendent  of 
Public  Instruction  to  ascertain  the  amount  the  city 
might  expect  from  that  source,  and  when  it  might  be 
had.  Notwithstanding  the  lack  of  funds  the  Board 
decided  to  open  the  evening  school.  J.  Weed  Monroe 
was  put  in  charge,  assisted  by  Michael  E.  Driscoll  and 
Mr.  Back  man.  Later  in  the  season  the  ungraded 
schools  were  opened  under  the  same  supervision  as  in 
the  preceding  year. 

The  ladies  of  the  Employment  society  asked  for  the 
privilege  of  using  several  of  the  school  buildings  for 
starting  sewing  schools  in  the  different  wards.  The 
request  was  granted  on  condition  that  they  be  con- 
ducted without  expense  to  the  Board.  A  lady  was 
appointed  as  overseer  for  each  ward,  under  the  super- 
vision of  the  superintendent. 

The  High  school  had  increased  in  attendance  so  that 
another  teacher  was  needed,  and  George  W.  Boiling 
was  appointed  at  a  salary  of  $1,000. 


CHAPTER  V 
FOURTH   DECADE— 1878  TO  1887 


At  a  meeting  of  the  Board,  April  4,  1878,  a  memorial 
was  adopted  eulogizing  Orrin  Welch,  lately  deceased, 
for  his  long  and  useful  service  upon  the  Board. 

Considerable  attention  having  been  attached  to  the 
schools  of  Quincy,  near  Boston,  under  the  supervision 

of  Col.  F.  W.  Parker,  a  com- 
mittee consisting  of  J.  W. 
Durston  and  the  superintend- 
ent was  appointed  to  visit 
those  schools  to  observe  the 
work  done  by  the  pupils, 
the  methods  employed,  etc.; 
and  to  report  to  this  Board. 
The  committee  returned  from 
the  visit  impressed  with  the  personality  and  energy  of 
Col.  Parker,  and  with  the  results  he  had  accomplished 
in  the  schools  under  his  charge.  He  was  filled  with 
enthusiasm  and  energy  and  believed  in  breaking  away 
from  routine  practices,  in  discarding  everything  which 

was  merely  ^formal  in  school   methods,  and  in  so  con- 

(167) 


F.  W.  PARKER. 


EUWARU  E.  CHAPMAN. 


FOURTH    DECADE  169 

ducting  all  school  work  as  to  stimulate  observation 
and  awaken  thought.  His  most  efficient  work,  at  that 
time,  had  been  directed  toward  better  methods  in  teach- 
ing reading,  spelling  and  arithmetic,  and  in  doing  this 
work  to  throw  the  burden  of  it  upon  the  pupil.  Com- 
position and  sight-reading  were  included  in  language, 
and  common  business  transactions  in  arithmetic.  The 
course  of  study  was  revised,  and  some  of  the  principles 
advocated  by  the  superintendent  and  teachers  of  the 
Quincy  schools  incorporated.  Miss  Belle  Thomas,  a 
Quincy  teacher,  was  made  principal  of  the  primary 
department  in  Madison  school. 

Miss  Mary  P.  Khoades  asked  leave  of  absence  that 
she  might  spend  a  year  in  travel  abroad,  and  Mr. 
Thurber  resigned  the  principalship  of  the  High  school, 
to  accept  a  like  position  in  Worcester,  Mass.  The 
Board  passed  resolutions  highly  commendatory  of  Mr. 
Thurber's  character  and  work.  George  A.  Bacon  was 
appointed  to  succeed  him. 

In  the  autumn,  AndrewT  D.  White  made  another 
donation  to  the  Central  library,  consisting  of  photo- 
graphs of  ancient  Syracuse. 

A  lot  on  Willow  street  costing  $2,500  was  bought  for 
Prescott  school,  in  anticipation  of  a  new  building. 

Commissioner  Barker,  who  retired  from  the  Board  at 
the  close  of  the  year,  had  served  as  representative  of 
the  Third  Ward  for  twelve  years,  and  as  the  president 
of  the  Board  for  the  last  year.  His  services  were 


OLD  MONTGOMERY  SCHOOL. 


FOURTH    DECADE  171 

acknowledged  by  appropriate  resolutions.  On  March  4, 
1879,  the  new  Board  elected  Edward  E.  Chapman, 
president. 

The  Common  Council  having  failed  to  make  pro- 
vision for  carrying  on  the  schools,  the  Board  in  May 
made  a  movement  to  continue  the  spring  vacation 
indefinitely,  but  matters  having  been  satisfactorily  ad- 
justed, the  schools  commenced  at  the  usual  time. 
Montgomery  school  had  been  improved  during  the  sum- 
mer vacation  by  changing  recitation  rooms  into  class 
rooms,  and  by  adding  to  the  building,  additional 
entrances  and  stairways. 

Penmanship  had  not  been  satisfactorily  taught,  and  C. 
K.  Wells  after  two  months"  trial  was  employed  as  special 
teacher.  He  continued  in  this  position  till  the  close  of 
the  year  1891-92,  when  he  resigned  to  be  enabled  to 
accept  the  calls  that  came  from  cities  in  all  parts  of  the 
country  for  special  instruction.  The  "movement  sys- 
tem "  which  he  originated  and  developed  in  the  schools 
of  Syracuse  is  working  a  revolution  in  the  teaching  of 
this  subject.  Superintendents  have  wondered  at  the 
results  obtained  in  our  schools,  and  have  visited  us  to  see 
our  methods,  in  every  case  returning  convinced  that 
the  movement  system  is  ttfe  one  method  of  teaching. 
It  is  safe  to  say  that  in  penmanship  Syracuse  leads 
every  city  in  the  country. 

Owing   to  the  deficiency  of  funds  and  also   to  the 
small  and  irregular  attendance  of  the  Central  ungraded 


CHARLES  R.  WELLS. 


FOURTH  DECADE 


school  it  was  abandoned,  but  the  First  Ward  school  was 
opened  under  the  charge  of  Mr.  Allis. 

Mrs.  Mary  Dana  Hicks,  who  for  a  long  time  had  been 

in  charge  of  drawing 
in  the  High  school 
and  in  the  ward 
schools  and  who  had 
been  eminently  suc- 
cessful in  her  work 
by  raising  the  stand- 
ard and  popularizing 
this  branch,  resigned 
her  place  here,  to 
accept  a  position  in 
the  Prang  Publishing 
Company,  of  Boston. 
Her  resignation  was 
accepted  with  deep 

Lucv  A.  ADAMS. 

regret,  and  Miss  Lucy 

A.  Adams  was  elected  to  take  her  place  in  that  depart- 
ment in  the  High  school. 

In  January,  1880,  Miss  Sophia  C.  Wightman  resigned 
the  principalship  of  May  school  after  long  service  as  a 
teacher  in  the  employ  of  the  Board.  She  was  a  faith- 
ful teacher,  conscientious  in  her  work  and  eminently 
successful,  but  failing  health  required  rest,  and  death 
soon  followed. 


PUEMCOTT  SCHOOL. 


FOURTH   DECADE  1?5 

The  contract  for  the  new  Prescott  school  was  let  for 
$19,47G  and  the  Seymour  addition  for  $2,529.75.  These 
amounts  exceeded  the  appropriation  and  the  Common 
Council  was  asked  to  increase  the  amount  for  building 
purposes. 

Mrs.  Gambia  resigned  her  position  as  librarian  and 
Rev.  E.  W.  Mundy  succeeded  her  at  a  salary  of 
$1,000.  The  resignation  of  Miss  Mary  P.  Ehoades 
from  the  High  school  was. a  loss  much  to  be  regretted. 
She  had  proved  herself  a  teacher  of  uncommon  power 
and  influence,  and  her  services  would  have  been  retain- 
ed had  the  funds  permitted.  She  went  to  the  Brock- 
port  Normal  school  where  her  influence  is  strong  and 
uplifting.  Wm.  B.  Harlow,  a  graduate  of  Harvard, 
was  appointed  to  succeed  her. 

Dr.  Brownell  was  allowed  $200  toward  expenses  in 
procuring  specimens  for  the  cabinet  and  for  work  in 
classifying  and  arranging  specimens  already  there. 

The  Training  school  opened  in  September  under  a 
more  systematic  plan,  in  charge  of  Miss  Belle  Thomas, 
in  the  Madison  school.  Eight  students  entered  the 
class  and  in  January  they  were  examined  by  a  committee 
appointed  by  the  Board.  The  examination  tested  the 
method  of  conducting  a  recitation  ;  power  to  hold  the 
attention  of  children,  in  reading,  writing,  language  ; 
and  ability  to  lead  pupils  to  discover  the  facts  the 
teacher  wished  them  to  see,  without  suggestions  from 
the  teacher.  This  was  the  beginning  of  a  teachers' 


REV.  E.  W.  MUNDY. 


WM.  B.  HARLOW,  PH.  D. 


178  HISTORY    OF   THE   SCHOOLS   OF   SYRACUSE 

class  where  specific  training  was  given  in  all  its  details 
by  one  trained  in  the  work. 

Later  in  the  season  0.  C.  Hinman  resigned  the  prin- 
cipal ship  of  the  Putnam  school  and  John  D.  Wilson 
from  Manlius  succeeded  him. 

In  the  fore  part  of  January,  1881,  the  Board  attended 
the  funeral  services  of  Hon.  Jas.  N'oxon  who  was  a 
member  of  the  first  Board  of  Education  and  served  in 
that  capacity  two  years,  (1848-49).  Appropriate  reso- 
lutions were  entered  upon  the  records. 

On  account  of  reports  greatly  detrimental  to  the  char- 
acter of  the  principal  of  Prescott  school  he  resigned  his 
position  and  W.  P.  Browning  of  Niagara  Falls  was  ap- 
pointed to  succeed  him.  He  declined  the  position  and 
J.  E.  Hornis  a  teacher  from  Milwaukee  accepted  it. 
He  soon  after  resigned,  and  A.  B.  Blodgett  was  trans- 
ferred from  Salina  school.  To  the  latter  position  H. 
E.  Barrett,  a  graduate  of  the  Oswego  Normal,  but  at 
that  time  a  resident  of  Chittenango  and  editor  of  a 
local  paper,  was  appointed. 

The  new  Prescott  building  was  constructed  with 
reference  to  being  heated  by  steam,  but  strong  opposi- 
tion on  the  part  of  some  members  of  the  Board  was 
made  to  this  mode  of  heating  on  account  of  greater  ex- 
pense. The  opposition  prevailed  and  furnaces  were 
substituted. 

After  eight  years  of  service,  the  last  two  of  which  he 
served  as  president,  Commissioner  Edward  E.  Chap- 


JOHN  I).  WILSON. 


H.  E.  BARRETT. 


FOURTH    DECADE  181 

man  retired  from  the  Board.  He  left  with  expressions 
of  sincere  and  hearty  thanks  from  all  his  co-laborers 
for  his  helpful,  earnest  work. 

At  the  organization  in  March,  1881,  H.  1\.  Olrnsted 
became  president. 

On  account  of  a  report  that  the  Irving  school  had  be- 
come unsafe,  the  front  walls  and  sides  were  torn  down, 
and  practically  a  new  building  resulted.  Putnam  and 
Townsend  schools  were  enlarged  and  partially  remod- 
eled this  year,  at  a  cost  respectively  of  $3,189  and 
$817.33.  In  May  of  this  year  the  senior  department 
moved  into  the  new  Prescott  school-house  and  the  other 
departments  the  following  month. 

In  October,  George  W.  Rollins  resigned  his  position 
as  teacher  of  languages  in  the  High  school,  to  accept  a 
position  in  Boston,  and  was  followed  by  J.  M.  Griffin. 
Miss  Ellen  Williams,  teacher  of  German,  resigned,  and 
Mrs.  Emma  Kingsley  and  Miss  Carrie  Shevelson  were 
appointed.  Dr.  Bacon  having  received  a  call  to  a  bet- 
ter position  was  induced  to  decline  the  offer  by  having 
his  salary  advanced  to  $2,500.  Mrs.  A.  E.  Kinne 
resigned  her  position  in  Madison  school  on  account  of 
failing  health. 

William  A.  Sweet  sent  a  communication  to  the  Board, 
offering  to  pay  the  salary  of  a  teacher  for  an  evening 
school  in  the  Fifth  Ward  on  condition  that  suitable 
room  and  other  conveniences  were  provided.  Prin- 


IJ.  R.  OLMSTED. 


TOWNSEND  SCHOOL. 


184          HISTORY    OF   THE    SCHOOLS    OF    SYRACUSE 

cipal  R.  B.  White  was  put  in  charge,  and  many  young 
men  profited  by  the  experiment. 

Commissioner  J.  H.  Durston  of  the  Eighth  Ward 
resigned  and  D.  L.  Pickard  was  appointed  in  his  stead. 
Mr.  Pickard  had  previously  served  four  years  in  the 
Board  and  was  cordially  welcomed  back  again.  At  the 
request  of  the  State  Board  of  Health,  located  at  Albany, 
an  elaborate  and  full  report  of  the  condition  of  the 
school-houses  was  sent  to  them,  and  upon  the  receipt  of 
the  same,  Dr.  Elisha  Harris,  State  commissioner,  re- 
turned thanks  and  asked  permission  to  print  portions  in 
their  annual  report. 

Our  city  suffered  another  loss  by  the  resignation  from 
the  training  school  of  Miss  Belle  Thomas,  she  being 
called  to  Geneva  to  take  charge  of  a  primary  school. 
After  Miss  Thomas  left,  the  superintendent  took  charge 
of  the  work  as  well  as  he  could  in  justice  to  his  other 
duties,  which  had  now  become  greater  than  one  man 
could  satisfactorily  perform.  He  reported  to  the  Board 
in  detail  the  work  of  that  school,  stating  that  he  had 
continued  it,  but  in  order  to  make  it  successful  a  compe- 
tent teacher  must  be  employed  and  the  course  re-ar- 
ranged with  the  work  systematized  and  put  upon  a 
permanent  basis. 

After  the  organization  of  the  new  Board,  Commission- 
er Duncan  called  up  the  request  made  by  the  principals 
the  preceding  June  for  a  restoration  of  salary  to  the 
same  that  it  had  been  five  years  before.  This  was 


D.   L.   PlCKAKD. 


186  HISTORY    OF    THE    SCHOOLS    OF    SYRACUSE 

adopted  for  all  those  who  had  been  in  the  employ  of  the 
Board  for  three  years.  The  commissioner  also  called 
attention  to  the  condition  of  Seymour  school-building, 
and  asked  for  a  careful  consideration.  He  said  almost 
the  temporary  repair  fund  for  that  ward  for  several 
years  had  been  expended  on  that  house  in  putting  in 
piers,  columns  and  bolts.  Three  times  the  building 
had  settled  several  inches,  and  had  been  raised  by 
screws  to  near  its  original  position.  It  seemed  to  him 
useless  to  continue  to  expend  money  on  the  old  struc- 
ture. It  was  money  thrown  away.  The  executive 
committee  by  instruction  from  the  Board  proceeded  to 
get  plans  and  estimates  for  its  improvement.  At  a 
meeting  March  21,  the  committee  reported  that  they 
had  visited  all  the  school-houses,  and  found  several  of 
them  out  of  repair  owing  to  short  appropriations  in 
past  years.  A  much  larger  sum  of  money  would  be  re- 
quired to  replace  worn  out  floors,  roofs,  walks,  out- 
buildings, paint,  etc.  It  would  be  necessary  to  call  for 
larger  amounts  for  fuel,  supplies,  and  for  contingencies 
and  teachers'  wages.  The  committee  also  reported  that 
Seymour  school-house  had  been  abandoned  upon  the 
demand  of  citizens  of  the  ward,  whose  judgment  was 
coincided  with  by  all  who  had  examined  the  building. 
Temporary  provision  for  seating  the  pupils  had  been 
provided  in  such  rooms  in  the  ward  as  would  accomo- 
date  them.  Thus  the  school  was  continued  but  in  most 
cases  by  very  unsatisfactory  surroundings. 


FOURTH  DECADE 


187 


The  report  having  prevailed  that  pupils  were  suffer- 
ing from  too  great  a  strain  upon  their  eyes,  Dr.  Van 
Duyn  with  the  superintendent  was  appointed  to  visit 
the  schools  and  report  to  the  Board.  It  was  found  in 
one  of  the  best  that  not  more  than  3$  of  the  pupils  in 
any  room  had  any  defective  eye-sight,  and  that  this  had 
not  increased  in  the  higher  grades.  This  was  not  true 
of  some  of  the  other  schools.  Test-type  was  recom- 
mended for  the  trial  of  the  eyes  of  the  children  by  the 
teachers,  so  that  pupils  might  be  seated  in  accordance 
with  their  power  of  vision. 


In  May,  bids  for  a  new  building  for  the  Seymour 

school  were  opened 
and  found  far  to  ex- 
ceed the  appropria- 
tion. A  committee 
from  the  Board  was 
appointed  to  consult 
with  the  lowest  bid- 
der for  the  purpose 
of  devising  some  way 
for  going  on  with  the 
work,  if  possible. 
The  Common  Coun- 
cil passed  a  resolu- 
tion to  give  125,000 

MRS.  LIBBIE  I.  BROWN.  .         . 

Prin.  Primary  Department,  Seymour  School,    to    the     D  U  1 1  Q  1  n  g 


SETMOUK  SCHOOL. 


FOUKTH    DECADE  18& 

fund  if  that  would  fully  equip  the   house  for  school 
purposes. 

Plans  were  revised,  and  a  contract  entered  into  with 
A.  L.  Mason  to  enclose  the  building  for  the  sum  of 
$15,700,  including  an  addition  on  the  north-east  corner 
for  recitation  rooms. 

Mrs.  0.  B.  Hurd,  who  had  long  served  as  a  faithful, 
competent  and  successful  teacher,  resigned  from  Clinton 
school  on  account  of  failing  health  and  Mrs.  L.  L. 
Goodrich  supplied  her  place. 

On  March  6,  1883,  William  Brown  Smith  was  elected  j 
president  of  the  Board.  Mrs.  Lucy  M.  Brand,  after  a 
long  and  faithful  service  as  a  teacher,  covering  a  period 
of  twenty-seven  years,  having  been  principal  of  Salina, 
Irving  and  Genesee  schools,  successively,  sent  to  the 
Board  her  resignation.  This  was  accepted  with  grate- 
ful acknowledgment  of  her  excellent  service. 

Just  before  the  adjournment  Commissioner  Duncan 
called  the  attention  of  the  Board  to  the  fact  that  this 
closed  the  seventeenth  year  of  consecutive  service  by 
Mr.  Smith  as  superintendent  of  schools  of  this  city, 
that  this  was  probably  the  longest  time  any  one  in  the 
State  had  held  such  a  position,  and  that  no  one  not 
connected  with  school  work  could  appreciate  the  diffi- 
culties incident  to  the  position  ;  ten  thousand  children 
must  be  cared  for  during  ten  months  of  the  year  ;  school- 
houses  needed  constant  watching  in  matters  of  safety 
and  health  ;  teachers  were  to  be  trained,  guided  and 


fs 


„., 


WILLIAM  BROWN  SMITH. 


FOURTH    t)ECA£>E  191 

helped,  and  matters  of  discipline  settled.  In  all  this 
vast  matter  of  detail  all  recognized  Superintendent 
Smith's  position,  integrity,  watchfulness  and  faithful- 
ness. He  therefore  moved  a  vote  of  thanks,  which  was 
seconded  by  Commissioners  Smith,  Olmstead  and  Pick- 
ard  in  brief  remarks,  and  unanimously  adopted. 

At  the  appointment  of  teachers  in  June  Miss  S.  M. 
Arnold  received  the  appointment  for  one  term,  which 
would  end  in  January,  1884,  and  the  clerk  was  instructed 
to  notify  her  to  this  effect.  Miss  Arnold  was  expected 
to  give  in  her  resignation,  but  this  she  failed  to  do, 
reporting  herself  at  the  beginning  of  the  following  term, 
and  she  had  been  in  the  school  one  month  at  the  organiza- 
tion of  the  new  Board.  A  special  meeting  was  called 
to  consider  her  case,  when  it  was  decided  to  let  her  con- 
tinue to  the  end  of  the  year.  She  was  then  made  prin- 
cipal of  the  primary  department  of  Montgomery  school. 

Action  was  taken  allowing  pupils  preparing  for  en- 
trance to  the  High  school  to  take  the  Regents'  examina- 
tion in  spelling  and  geography  at  the  close  of  the  first 
half  of  the  eighth  year,  and  the  examination  in  gram- 
mar and  arithmetic  at  the  end  of  that  year. 

The  salaries  of  the  senior  principles  was  advanced  to 
$1,500. 

Mrs.  Mary  J.  Perry  who  had  served  three  or  four 
years  as  teacher  in  two  of  the  ward  schools  and  several 
years  as  an  efficient  and  zealous  teacher  in  the  High 
school,  after  a  severe  illness  was  removed  from  her 


192          HISTORY   OF   THE   SCHOOLS   OF   SYRACUSE 

labors  by  death.     The  Board  adopted  resolutions  strong- 
ly commending  her  faithful  work. 

Upon  reviewing  the  finances  it  was  found  that  barely 
enough  money  remained  at  the  disposal  of  the  Board  to 
pay  the  salaries  of  teachers  now  under  contract,  while 
there  were  now  seven  schools,  each  of  which  needed  an 
additional  teacher.  On  motion,  the  president  and  clerk 
were  instructed  to  prepare  a  statement  to  present  to  the 
Common  Council  setting  forth  these  facts.  Later  in 
the  season  the  commissioner  in  each  of  the  wards  with 
the  superintendent  put  in  additional  teachers  where 
they  were  needed  for  one  month. 

Several  meetings  were  held  by  the  Board,  and  two 
joint  meetings  of  the  Board  and  Common  Council  in 
relation  to  providing  additional  funds  for  carrying  on 
the  schools  to  the  close  of  the  fiscal  year  ;  and  upon  the 
failure  of  the  Council  to  provide  these,  the  schools  were 
closed  January  24,  1884,  by  the  following  resolution  : 

"  Resolved)  That  the  Superintendent  be  instructed 
to  give  notice  to  the  principals  of  the  schools  and 
through  them  to  the  teachers,  that  the  schools  will 
be  closed  until  further  notice,  except  the  Regents' 
classes  now  in  examination,  which  will  continue  to  its 
close  ;  and  that  the  superintendent  be  instructed  to 
notify  the  mayor  of  this  action. 

"  Resolved,  That  the  president  of  this  Board  be 
requested  to  notify  the  public,  through  the  press,  of  the 
reason  for  this  action." 


FOURTH    DECADE  193 

The  mayor  responded  by  saying  that  necessary  funds 
would  be  provided.  This  action  resulted  in  calling 
the  Board  together  immediately  and  the  clerk  was 
instructed  to  notify  the  mayor  that  when  the  Board 
shall  be  informed  that  sufficient  funds  have  been  placed 
in  the  city  treasury  for  carrying  on  the  schools  they 
will  be  opened.  Another  reply  was  received  in  response 
notifying  the  Board  that  funds  to  the  amount  of  $3,750 
had  been  placed  in  the  Merchants'  National  Bank  to 
the  credit  of  the  Board  of  Education.  This  called  an- 
other special  meeting  January  24, 1884,  when  the  follow- 
ing reply  was  ordered: 
"  To  the  Hon.  Thomas  Ryan,  Mayor  of  the  City  of 

Syracuse, 

"DEAR  SIR: — Your  official  communication,  notify- 
ing the  Board  of  Education  that  you  had  placed  $3,750 
to  their  credit  in  the  Merchants'  National  Bank,  is 
received.  Assuming  that  this  money  will  be  transferred 
to  the  city  treasury,  from  which  alone  we  are  author- 
ized to  draw,  the  schools  will  be  ordered  opened  this 
morning.  (Signed), 

CLERK  BOARD  OF  EDUCATION." 

A  full  detailed  statement  of  the  financial  condition 
accompanied  the  comunication  to  the  mayor,  showing  a 
deficiency  of  $8,690,  upon  accounts  already  received 
which  might  be  reduced  by  sums  estimated  to  be  received 
from  the  Board  of  Regents  and  from  receipts  from  tui- 
tion of  non-resident  pupils,  amounting  altogether  to 
$2,490,  leaving  still  a  deficiency  balance  of  $6,200. 


194          HISTORY    OF   THE    SCHOOLS   OP   SYRACUSE 

March  24  closed  the  fiscal  year  which  had  been  one  of 
more  than  common  difficulties  and  trials,  but  all  of 
which  had  been  bridged  over  by  leaving  a  debt  for  the 
next  Board  to  provide  for. 

Janitors  were  required  to  have  charge  of  the  build- 
ings for  the  entire  year,  including  all  vacations. 

A  committee  from  the  Women's  Temperance  Union, 
at  a  regular  meeting  of  the  Board,  presented  a  request 
from  their  organization  asking  for  an  introduction  into 
the  schools  of  a  text-book  on  temperance.  This  was 
introduced,  action  having  previously  been  taken  on  the 
matter. 

At  the  organization  of  the  Board,  March  4,  1884, 
William  Brown  Smith  was  re-elected  president  but 
declined  to  serve  and  D.  L.  Pickard  was  elected.  The 
arrearages  from  the  preceding  year  caused  much  anxi- 
ety at  the  beginning  of  this  year,  and  the  budget  was 
made  up  by  placing  at  the  head  of  it  the  amount  of  said 
arrearage  and  asking: 

For  last  year's  over-draft,  $  6,989.58. 

For  teachers'  wages,  97,500.00. 

For  other  expenses,  39,400.00. 

Of  which  sum  the  city  was  asked  to  raise  11,857.91, 
and  for  a  permanent  fund  to  cancel  two  mortgages  on 
the  Prescott  school  lot,  one  for  $2,000  and  the  other  for 
$1,800  making  a  total  of  $3,800.  The  Common  Council 
approved  the  budget  except  the  over-draft,  which  was 
claimed  to  be  out  of  their  power,  and  they  recom- 
mended that  the  Board  of  Education  unite  with  them 


FOUKTH    DECADE 


195 


in  asking  the  Legislature  to  authorize  the  adding  of  the 
deficiency  to  the  tax-list  of  this  year.  This  course  was 
finally  adopted. 

At  the  May  meeting,  the  superintendent  called  the 
attention  of  the  Board  to  the  employment  of  children 
between  the  ages  of  eight  and  fourteen,  in  violation  of 
State  law.  He  further  referred  to  the  keeping  of  chil- 
dren after  school  for  idleness,  truancy,  misconduct, 
etc.  Both  of  these  subjects  received  attention,  the 
former  by  printing  the  statutes  on  cardboard  and  plac- 
ing them  in  factories  and  other  places  where  such  chil- 
dren are  employed  and  by  calling  attention  of  employers 
to  the  subject ;  and  the  latter  by  direct  work  among  the 
teachers. 

Mrs.   L.  L.  Goodrich,   principal   of   Clinton   school, 

having  prepared  and 
mounted  the  ferns 
of  Onondaga  county, 
spread  them  on  the 
tables  of  the  Board 
for  their  inspection 
at  the  June  meeting. 
She  also  sent  a  letter 
from  which  these  ex- 
tracts are  taken  : 
"  Gentlemen  of  the 
Board  of  Edu- 
cation, 

"  Three  years  ago 
I  sent  to  the  High 
school  at  Ottawa  the 


MRS.  L.  L.  GOODRICH. 


CLINTON  SCHOOL. 


FOUETH    DECADE  197 

mounted  specimens  of  Films  Onondaguesis.  Not  feel- 
ing satisfied  with  myself  in  working  for  foreign  missions 
when  our  own  High  school  had  no  herbarium,  I  set 
myself  to  work  to  make  a  collection  of  all  the  ferns  of 
this  county  for  our  own  home  institution,  which  I  have 
collected  from  far  and  near,  from  rocks  and  mud,  from 
hill  and  valley,  and  thoroughly  studied,  identified  and 
mounted,  and  now,  with  pleasure,  present  them  to  you, 
hoping  these  will  prove  as  those  did  I  sent  to  Ottawa, 
a  nucleus  to  a  herbarium,  not  only  of  the  flora  of  our 
own  county,  but  of  the  State." 

Mrs.  Goodrich  received  the  thanks  of  the  Board,  and 
the  results  have  proven  the  wisdom  of  the  giver  in  the 
work  of  the  classes  under  the  care  and  guidance  of  Miss 
Overacker,  into  whose  charge,  the  specimens  were 
placed. 

During  the  summer  vacation  the  Madison  school- 
house  was  remodeled,  heated  and  ventilated.  This 
house,  had  from  the  first  suffered  in  these  respects.  In 
the  remodeling,  large  rooms  were  partitioned  into 
smaller  ones,  making  twelve  rooms  of  sufficient  size  to 
seat  from  forty  to  eighty  pupils  each,  all  so  arranged 
as  to  have  good  light,  well  heated  and  ventilated. 

The  Salina  senior  school  was  retransferred  to  the  old 
building,  and  Miss  Mary  L.  Ford  was  made  principal  of 
Jefferson  school  in  place  of  Miss  Freeman,  who  had 
resigned. 


198 


HISTORY   OF   THE   SCHOOLS   OF   SYRACUSE 


Timothy  J.  Coon- 
ey,  who  had  acted 
as  assistant  in  the 
superintendent's  of- 
fice, after  a  long  and 
trying  sickness,  died, 
having  faithfully 
served  in  that  capac- 
i  t  y  for  more  than 
seven  years.  The 
Board  acknowledged 
their  appreciation  of 
his  faithful  services 
and  his  conscien- 
tious, upright  char- 
acter in  resolutions 
placed  on  the  minutes  of  the  meeting  in  August. 

In  the  autumn  of  this  year  the  village  of  Carthage 
was  destroyed  by  fire,  the  school-houses  together  with 
the  books  and  clothing  of  the  children  being  destroyed. 
A  letter  from  Superintendent  George  F.  Sawyer  to  the 
city  superintendent  setting  forth  the  necessities  of  the 
schools  and  the  inability  of  the  citizens  to  supply  that 
need  resulted  in  a  collection  from  each  of  our  city 
schools,  amounting  in  all  to  $680.08. 

Mrs.  Goodenough  being  present  at  a  teachers'  meet- 
ing about  that  time  gave  some  examples  of  vocal  drill 
and  offered  to  teach  classes.  Some  of  the  teachers 


MARY  L.  FORD. 


FOURTH    DECADE  199 

wishing  to  take  lessons  in  this  branch,  she  was  tem- 
porarily employed  at  $40  per  month,,*  but  after  a  short 
time  the  class  was  discontinued. 

A  committee  appointed  to  look  into  the  statutes  relat- 
ing to  compulsory  education,  presented  a  full  report, 
giving  the  text  of  the  different  acts  of  the  Legislature 
relating  to  cities.  The  daily  papers  were  requested  to 
publish  these  for  the  enlightenment  of  the  public.  In 
January,  1885  a  report  by  the  superintendent  was  given 
of  the  condition  of  each  of  the  school  buildings,  in  re- 
spect to  ventilation.  Tests  were  made  by  means  of  the 
anemometer,  and  were  considered  reliable.  Four  or 
five  of  the  houses  were  reported  fair  to  good,  and  the 
remainder  as  requiring  the  attention  of  the  Board  for 
remodeling  or  rebuilding. 

At  the  beginning  of  the  term  in  February  the  senior 
departments  in  most  of  the  schools  were  full,  some  of 
them  not  having  room  enough  to  seat  all  the  pupils. 
Miss  Estella  Kneeland  resigned  from  the  High  School 
and  Miss  Edith  M.  Clarke  was  appointed  to  the  position. 

Miss  Kneeland  was  a  graduate  of  Mount  Holyoke 
Seminary,  and  a  teacher  of  rare  attractiveness  and 
power.  She  married  Fred  C.  Eddy,  now  cashier  .of  the 
Bank  of  Syracuse.  She  is  at  this  time  president  of  the 
Portfolio  Club,  one  of  several  literary  organizations  that 
have  done  much  for  the  culture  of  the  city. 

Miss  Mary  Burke  the  former  principal  of  the  Adams 
school,  and  who  had  resigned  on  account  of  failing 


MICHAEL  MALONEY. 


FOURTH    DECADE  #01 

health  some  time  before,  died  in  January,  1885.  On 
February  5,  Miss  Irene  A.  Clark  succeeded  her  as  prin- 
cipal. Miss  Burke  commenced  teaching  in  1858  in 
the  Townsend  school,  after  two  or  three  years  being 
transferred  to  the  Putnam  school  as  principal  of  the 
primary  department.  She  continued  in  this  school  till 
the  Adams  school  was  built  in  1874,  when  she  was 
appointed  its  principal,  which  position  she  held  till  a  few 
months  before  her  death.  She  was  very  energetic  and 
had  the  close  co-operation  of  her  teachers  and  pupils. 

An  effort  was  made  by  the  commissioner  of  the  Sixth 
Ward  to  secure  a  new  school-house,  and  for  that  pur- 
pose a  lot  on  South  Salina  street,  near  the  crossing  of 
the  D.  L.  &  W.  Railroad,  was  contracted  for,  but  the 
project  was  abandoned. 

At  the  close  of  the  fiscal  year,  Commissioner  Warner 
offered  the  following : 

WHEREAS,  It  appears  from  the  statement  of  the  clerk 
and  from  the  report  of  Mr.  Mann  that  the  practice  of 
having,  in  our  financial  year,  the  salaries  of  teachers, 
janitors  and  other  officers  of  the  Board  begin  February 
1,  instead  of  March  1,  has  existed  since  1864,  and  as  the 
reason  for  this  seems  to  us  more  than  over-balanced  by 
the  propriety  of  having  all  parts  of  our  financial  expend- 
itures begin  and  close  at  the  same  time  as  in  the  other 
departments  of  the  city  government,  therefore, 

"Resolved,  That  we  recommend  to  our  successors  to 
increase  the  amount  of  the  budget,  for  the  coming  year 


HISTORY    OF    THE    SCHOOLS    OF    SYRACUSE 

to  such  a  sum  as  shall  be  sufficient  for  school  purposes 
from  March  1,  1886,  to  March  1,  1887,  with  the  addition 
of  such  an  amount  as  shall  be  necessary  to  pay  all  offi- 
cers' and  teachers'  salaries  for  the  month  of  February 
next,  to  the  end  that  all  parts  of  our  financial  expendi- 
tures shall  close  hereafter  March  1. 

On  March  1,  1886,  Commissioner  Maloney  was  elected 
president.  Another  standing  committee,  a  committee 
on  hygiene  was  added  making  eight  in  all. 

The  principals  of  the  junior  and  primary  schools  had 
asked  for  an  increase  in  their  salaries  during  the  last 
year  which  could  not  be  allowed  because  no  appropria- 
tion had  been  asked  to  meet  such  an  expense,  but  at 
the  beginning  of  this  year  their  salaries  were  fixed  at  $800 
and  a  sum  needed  to  meet  the  advance  was  added  to  the 
budget  which  included  : 

The  amount  for  salaries  for  last  February,  $  10,309.30. 
For  teachers'  wages  from  March  1,  1886  to 

March  1,  1887,  104,969.50. 

And   for   increase  in   junior   and  primary 

principals' salaries,  7,095.86. 

The  total  amount  asked  for  teachers'  sala- 
ries was  112,374.66. 
All  other  expenses  would  require,  44,008.00. 
The  amount  to  be  raised  by  the  city,              129,958.45. 
The  Common  Council  reduced  this  last  amount  to 
$118,579.31.    This  action  compelled  the  Board  to  re-ad- 
just the  budget  by  making  pro  rata  reductions  on  each 


FOUKTH    DECADE  203 

item  included  in  tho  budget.  Some  dissatisfaction  was 
felt  011  account  of  high  salaries,  and  as  one  of  these  in 
the  High  school  seemed  to  he  out  of  proportion  to  the 
others,  Mr.  BrownelFs  was  reduced  to  what  it  had  been 
previous  to  the  last  advance,  i.  e.  to  $1,800.  This  was 
taken  as  a  reflection  upon  Mr.  Brownell  and  at  the 
next  meeting  he  and  his  friends  secured  its  restoration 
to  $2,000. 

A  special  teacher  was  recommended  for  reading  and 
vocal  drill,  and  soon  afterward  Mrs.  Goodenough  re- 
ceived an  appointment  to  drill  the  teachers  for  the 
remainder  of  that  term. 

The  committee  on  hygiene  after  quite  a  thorough 
examination  of  all  the  schools  made  a  full  report  of  the 
hygienic  conditions  of  each.  The  majority  were  found 
to  be  fair,  but  quite  a  number  and  especially  the  older 
buildings  were  condemned.  The  Montgomery  house 
being  built  on  low,  flat  ground  was  the  worst  of  all. 
All  the  new  buildings  were  satisfactory. 

Miss  Catharine  Carrier  of  the  Franklin  school  who 
had  been  in  the  public  schools  as  teacher  since  1869 
almost  without  the  loss  of  a  day,  was  taken  sick  last 
term  and  asked  for  leave  of  absence.  She  was  never 
able  to  resume  her  work  and  died  in  1886.  Appropriate 
resolutions  as  to  her  worth,  faithfulness  and  success 
were  entered  upon  the  records. 

As  the  year  advanced  and  the  schools  filled  up,  the 
necessity  for  more  school  room  became  apparent.  The 


204          HISTOBY   OF   THE   SCHOOLS   OF   SYRACUSE 

Clinton  school  was  divided  into  small  rooms  to  increase 
its  capacity  and  newly  seated.  A  new  building  in  the 
Third  Ward,  named  the  Frazer  school,  was  built  at  a 
cost  when  completed  of  nearly  $20,000.  On  account  of 
some  unavoidable  changes  a  greater  expense  was  put 
upon  this  house  than  was  expected  and  a  supplementary 
budget  amounting  to  $5,148  was  asked  of  the  Common 
Council. 

On  account  of  poorly  ventilated  houses,  members  of 
the  hygiene  committee  visited  Boston  to  see  the  method 
used  there  in  some  new  houses  by  which  with  a  fan  driv- 
en by  power  almost  perfect  ventilation  had  been  secured. 
This  method  was  put  into  the  High  school  in  the  fall  at 
a  cost  of  $2,197,  and  has  proven  a  partial  success,  al- 
though not  equal  to  what  it  might  be  in  a  house  built 
for  it.  This  plan  has  been  used  in  three  of  the 
school-houses  in  this  city,  but  it  is  regarded  by  the 
Board  as  too  expensive  and  too  liable  to  get  out  of 
repair  unless  great  outlay  is  made  at  the  beginning. 

Mrs.  M.  L.  McLean,  principal  of  Townsend  school, 
from  an  accident  the  preceding  winter,  caused  by  a  fall, 
had  been  unable  to  be  in  her  place  and  it  was  supplied 
temporarily.  Later  in  the  season  she  resigned  and  Mrs. 
Kate  M.  Cull  en  was  appointed  the  principal.  Mrs. 
McLean,  first  appointed  in  1859  as  M.  L.  Adams, 
was  remembered  at  her  death  by  suitable  resolutions  in 
regard  to  her  character,  her  long  service  and  her  suc- 
cess. 


FOUKTH    DECADE  205 

Milton  F.   Griffin  sent  in  his  resignation  as  teacher 

in  the  High  school,, 
and  is  now  teaching 
in  the  west.  He  was 
an  excellent  teacher 
beloved  by  all.  Fred- 
erick Howard  was 
appointed  to  succeed 
him. 

During  the  sum- 
mer vacation  the 
Franklin  school- 
house  had  been  re- 
modeled and  partial- 
ly finished  and  sup- 
plied with  new  desks 
by  which  its  seating 
capacity  had  been  greatly  increased.  At  the  beginning 
of  the  term  the  Clinton,  Grace,  Seymour,  Montgomery, 
Putnam,  Irving  and  Madison  schools  in  one  or  more  de- 
partments were  very  much  crowded.  The  demand  for 
more  room  was  so  imperative  that  the  clerk  was  instruct- 
ed to  write  to  the  State  Superintendent  to  .ask  him  if  it 
would  be  expedient  for  the  city  to  exclude  from  the  pub- 
lic schools  children  between  five  and  six  years  of  age. 
He  replied,  the  State  law  allows  children  five  years  of  age 
to  attend  the  public  schools,  and  the  State  pays  public 
money  to  all  districts  for  children  of  that  age.  They 
cannot  therefore  be  legally  excluded. 


MRS.  KATE  CULLEN. 


PUTNAM  SCHOOL. 


FOURTH    DECADE  20? 

Preparations  were  made  for  a  new  building  in  the 
Putnam  district  and  a  lot  was  purchased  on  the  corner  of 
Madison  and  Mulberry  streets  at  a  cost  of  $15,000.  A 
building  of  two  stories  containing  sixteen  rooms  was 
commenced,  and  completed  the  next  year.  The  con- 
tract price  was  $33, 390,  without  seating,  heating, 
walks,  etc. 

In  188G,  the  Board  adopted  a  resolution  requiring  all 
female  teachers  upon  marrying  to  send  in  their  resigna- 
tions. This  was  regarded  by  many  as  an  unwise  step, 
from  the  fact  that  nothing  prepares  a  woman  so  well  to 
train  children  in  school,  as  the  love  and  sympathy  that  is 
developed  by  the  relation  of  mother  and  children  in  the 
family.  The  plea  for  the  movement  was  that  so  many 
young  ladies  with  no  means  of  earning  a  livelihood  had 
prepared  themselves  for  teachers,  and  there  were  no 
places  for  them. 

At  this  time  the  villages  of  Geddes  and  Danforth 
were  annexed  to  Syracuse,  adding  to  the  city  the  Porter, 
the  Gere,  the  Brighton,  the  Danforth,  and  the  Eock 
schools. 

The  Board  granted  Dr.  Bacon  leave  of  absence  with- 
out loss  of  salary  through  the  months  of  May  and 
June,  that  he  might  study  up  secondary  education 
in  Europe.  Charles  E.  White,  superintendent  of 
the  Geddes  schools  previous  to  the  annexation  of 
that  village  to  the  city,  was  appointed  principal  of 
Franklin  school,  and  Miss  Eliza  Kennedy  was  trans- 


GEHK  SCHOOL. 


VINE  SCHOOL. 


210          HISTORY   OF   THE    SCHOOLS   OF   SYRACUSE 

ferred  from  Franklin  to  the  principalship  of  Frazer 
school.  The  name  of  the  Central  school  in  Geddes 
was  changed  to  Porter  school,  in  honor  of  Dr.  Porter, 
who  had  formerly  been  a  teacher  there  and  afterward 
for  many  years  one  of  the  most  useful  and  enthusiastic 
members  on  the  Board  of  Education  in  the  village. 

Since  the  resigation  of  Mr.  Ballon  in  1876,  there  had 
been  no  regular  teacher  of  music,  but  upon  the  adop- 
tion of  the  Normal  course  in  music  [1888],  F.  A. 
Lyman  was  appointed  teacher  and  has  been  for  four 
years  in  the  work  to  the  satisfaction  of  all  connected 
with  the  schools. 

Miss  Eliza  Caldwell,  a  teacher  in  the  Danforth  school, 
having  been  employed  a  few  months,  beginning  in  the 
autumn  of  1886,  was  not  doing  satisfactory  work,  being 
somewhat  erratic  in  her  methods,  and  the  commissioner 
of  the  Sixth  Ward,  under  whom  she  was  employed, 
although  in  a  school  where  the  commissioner  of  the 
Eleventh  Ward  had  jurisdiction,  notified  her  that  her 
work  was  not  satisfactory,  and  asked  her  to  hand  in  her 
resignation.  She  appealed  to  the  commissioner  of  the 
Eleventh  Ward,  and  a  special  meeting  of  the  Board  was 
called  to  consider  the  matter.  After  hearing  the  mat- 
ter it  was  decided  to  let  her  remain  till  the  close  of  the 
term. 

Another  large  tract  joining  the  city  on  the  south  was 
annexed  to  the  city.  Most  of  this  was  a  farming 
country  but  there  was  a  small  wooden  house,  of  one  room, 


FRANKLIN  SCHOOL. 


CHARLES  E.  WHITE. 


c 

Or 


FREDERICK  A.  LYMAN. 


FOURTH    DECADE  213 

on  a  lot  to  which  the  district  had  no  title.  A  new  lot 
was  purchased,  the  building  moved  upon  it  and  put  in 
repair,  and  Miss  Bessie  Hurd  appointed  teacher,  al- 
though there  were  only  from  fourteen  to  eighteen 
scholars. 

In  1886,  a  lot  was  purchased  in  the  Fourth  Ward,  and  a 
four-room  building  of  wood  put  upon  it,  designed  to  seat 
200  pupils.  Previous  to  this  building  a  school  had  been 
kept  in  that  locality  in  rooms  rented  for  the  purpose, 
which  were  inconvenient,  small  and  unhealthful.  The 
new  building  is  on  a  good  sized  lot,  on  high  ground, 
and  with  pleasant  surroundings. 

Principal  Giles  H.  Stilwell  and  wife,  of  Porter  school, 
resigned,  Mr.  Stilwell  designing  to  enter  the  profession  of 
law.  Since  then  he  has  been  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  has 
made  rapid  strides  in  his  profession.  He  is  serving  his 
fourth  year  as  a  member  of  the  Board  of  Education, 
and  is  now  the  president  of  the  Board.  He  was  suc- 
ceeded in  Geddes  by  W.  H.  Scott.  Principal  Ebenezer 
Butler,  of  the  Danforth  school,  resigned  his  position, 
and  J.  Q.  Adams,  from  the  Brighton  school,  became 
his  successor. 

The  regular  schools  in  the  Fifth  Ward  were  too  full 
to  admit  all  pupils  desiring  to  attend,  and  a  branch 
school  was  opened  in  the  southern  part  of  the  ward, 
and  styled  the  Merrick  school.  Rooms  in  the  base- 
ment of  a  church,  large  enough  for  eighty  pupils  were 
fitted  up.  Being  on  low  ground,  high  water  in  the 


\V.  II.  SCOTT. 


J.  <4.  ADAMS. 


216  HISTORY    OF   THE    SCHOOLS    OF    SYRACUSE 

spring  compelled  a  removal  to  better  quarters.  Since 
then  a  new,  pretty,  commodious  house  has  been  erected, 
with  the  Smead  system  of  ventilation  and  closets,  which 
has  for  two  years  given  satisfaction. 

The  commissioner  of  the  Tenth  Ward  urged  that  the 
higher  department  already  established  in  the  Porter 
school,  be  allowed  to  continue  as  it  had  been  for  three 
or  four  years,  but  this  was  not  considered  to  be  for  the 
best  interests  of  the  children  of  that  locality,  and  it 
would  necessarily  add  materially  to  the  expenses  of  the 
city.  The  superintendent  was  directed  to  remove  the 
apparatus  belonging  to  high  school  work  to  the  Syra- 
cuse High  school. 

Principal  R.  B.  White  wishing  to  engage  in  other 
work  for  a  while  and  yet  not  to  give  up  his  position, 
asked  for  leave  of  absence.  This  was  granted,  and 
Bruce  M.  Watson,  a  teacher  of  the  High  school,  was 
given  the  place.  Mr.  White  did  not  return  to  this 
school,  but  two  years  after  was  appointed  principal  of 
the  Madison  school.  Mr.  Watson  has  done  excellent 
work,  and  Seymour  school  has  maintained  its  standing 
under  his  administration.  Mr.  Cummings  followed  Mr. 
Watson  in  the  High  school  as  teacher  of  the  training 
class  with  success,  but  resigned  at  the  end  of  a  year  to 
complete  his  college  course  of  study  in  New  Jersey. 

In  February  a  report  of  the  teachers'  committee  in 
respect  to  the  salary  of  lower  grade  teachers  was  accepted 
by  which  assistants  for  first  year's  service  should  receive 


MERBICK  SCHOOL^ 


BRUCE  M.  WATSON. 


FOURTH    DECADE  219 

$300,  for  second  year  $350,  for  third  year  $400,  and  for 
fourth  year  and  thereafter  $450. 

0.  C.  Kinyon  was  appointed  teacher  in  the  High 
school  in  place  of  Miss  Shevelson,  to  whom  had  been 
granted  leave  of  absence.  Upon  the  return  of  Miss 
Shevelson  the  classes  had  so  increased  that  Mr.  Kin- 
yon's  appointment  was  made  permanent. 

Near  the  close  of  the  fiscal  year,  books,  sets  of  draw- 
ing models,  pencils  and  stationary  for  the  use  of  prim- 
ary children  were  purchased  at  a  cost  of  $2,331.33. 
This  purchase  had  been  made  possible  by  a  change  in 
the  city  charter  providing  for  the  supply  of  all  books 
and  other  material  in  the  primary  department. 


A.  VON  LANDBEUG. 


CHAPTER  VI 
FIFTH  DECADE— FROM  1888 


In  March,  1888,  Alexander  Von  Landberg  was  elected 
president  of  the  Board.  The  superintendent  recom- 
mended a  re-adjustment  of  the  grades  in  the  city  schools 
by  naming  them  primary,  grammar,  and  High  school, 
but  no  action  was  taken.  The  reasons  given  for  making 
the  change  were  that  the  Bureau  of  Education  required 
such  a  division  and  this  would  not  interfere  with  State 
reports.  It  would  also  be  in  harmony  with  the  New 
England  system  of  reporting  and  with  that  of  several  of 
the  other  States. 

At  the  appointment  of  teachers  in  June  for  the  next 
school  year,  Miss  Lizzie  Dwyre  was  made  principal  of 
the  primary  department  of  Montgomery  school,  and 
Miss  Arnold  assistant. 

On  July  5,  1888,  Dr.  Bacon  resigned  the  principal- 
ship  of  the  High  school.  The  Board  adopted  the  fol- 
lowing : 

"Resolved,  That  this  Board  receives  with  regret  a 
communication  from  Dr.  Bacon,  resigning  his  position 
as  principal  of  the  High  school  of  Syracuse,  N.  Y.,  and 

(221) 


W.   K.   WlCKES. 


G.  A.  LEWIS. 


224          HISTORY   OF  THE   SCHOOLS   OF   SYRACUSE 

desire  to  express  their  thorough  appreciation  of  the 
efforts  of  Dr.  Bacon  in  his  position  in  the  High  school 
during  the  last  ten  years,  and  we  extend  to  him  our 
hearty  good  wishes  for  his  success  in  the  field  of  his 
future  labors." 

Wm.  K.  Wickes,  from  Watertown,  N.  Y.,  was  ap- 
pointed to  succeed  Dr.  Bacon  at  a  salary  of  $2,500. 

Miss  Mary  E.  Sykes  was  offered  the  position  vacated 
by  Mr.  Cu minings,  but  could  not  accept  because  of  a 
previous  engagement  in  the  Cook  County  Normal,  and 
Geo.  F.  Lewis  from  Ogdensburg,  was  appointed. 

Miss  Belle  Cowles,  a  teacher  in  the  High  school,  was 
granted  leave  of  absence  for  the  purpose  of  perfecting 
herself  in  the  German  language,  and  her  place  was  sup- 
plied by  the  appointment  of  Miss  Eachel  Shevelson. 

Miss  Sawyer  who  had  just  returned  from  a  leave  of 
absence,  took  the  place  vacated  by  Miss  Goldman. 

Contrary  to  the  usual  custom  of  the  Board,  a  supply 
of  singing  books,  to  remain  the  property  of  the  Board, 
were  ordered  purchased  to  supply  the  city  schools. 

Later  in  the  season  a  resolution  was  adopted  asking 
the  Legislature  to  amend  the  city  charter  changing  the 
term  of  office  of  the  superintendent  of  schools  from  one 
year  to  three  years. 

There  had  been  a  difference  in  the  salary  of  the 
assistants  to  the  principals  in  the  senior  schools,  and  at 
the  February  meeting  a  resolution  was  adopted  fixing 
that  salary  at  $500. 


FIFTH    DECADE  225 

The  next  term  in  February  opened  with  full  rooms 
in  nearly  all  the  schools  and  a  committee  of  three  from 
the  Board  were  appointed  to  look  over  the  city  and 
report  where  school  buildings  were  most  needed  and  in 
what  way  greatest  relief  could  be  afforded. 

On  March  5,  1889,  William  H.  Warner  was  elected 
president  of  the  Board.  The  next  order  of  business 
was  the  election  of  clerk  and  superintendent  for  three 
years.  Mr.  Smith  asked  permission  to  leave  the  room. 
An  informal  ballot  was  ordered,  which  resulted  in  giv- 
ing seven  votes  to  A.  B.  Blodgett  and  three  votes  for 
Mr.  Smith.  Commissioner  Schmeer  moved  that  the 
informal  ballot  be  declared  formal,  and  Mr.  Blodgett 
was  elected.  Commissioner  Von  Landberg  announced 
that  he  cheerfully  and  cordially  offered  to  Mr.  Smith 
the  principalship  of  Prescott  school  which  had  become 
vacant  by  the  election  of  Mr.  Blodgett,  and  on  motion 
of  Commissioner  Schmeer  he  was  appointed.  After 
some  hesitation  and  consultation  Mr.  Smith  accepted 
and  assumed  the  postion,  which  he  still  holds. 

The  committee  appointed  by  the  preceding  Board  to 
report  where  new  schools  were  most  needed  recom- 
mended building  new  houses  in  the  Ninth  and  Twelfth 
Wards,  and  a  ten-room  building  was  ordered  built  to 
relieve  the  Fifth  and  Ninth  Wards,  and  a  four-room 
building  for  the  relief  of  the  Madison  school  in  the  Four- 
teenth Ward.  For  these  purposes  an  appropriation  of 
$30,000  was  made.  Lots  were  purchased  and  plans  and 


* 


WILLIAM  II.  WARNER. 


FIFTH    DECADE 

specifications  were  adopted.  A  new  lot  was  also  pur- 
chased in  the  Fifth  Ward,  at  a  cost  of  $3,500  for  enlarg- 
ing the  Grace  school-house. 

The  Board  asked  to  be  relieved  from  repairs  on 
streets,  sidewalks,  sewers,  etc.,  where  appropriations 
for  such  purposes  had  not  been  asked,  and  the  matter 
was  referred  to  the  city  attorney.  His  decision  was 
that  the  Common  Council  should  pay  for  all  such 
expenditures,  they  being  custodians  of  all  city  property. 
The  musical  director  asked  for  the  purchase  of  addi- 
tional charts  and  other  material  needed  in  that  depart- 
ment, and  also  that  members  of  the  training  class  be 
required  to  perfect  themselves  in  this  branch,  as  in 
others,  before  being  granted  a  diploma  for  teaching. 
These  requests  were  approved  and  carried  out,  and  bet- 
ter facilities  for  the  training  class  in  all  departments 
were  secured. 

In  May,  at  the  suggestion  of  the  superintendent,  an 
appropriation  of  $'200  was  made  by  the  Board,  and  Prin- 
cipals A.  E.  Kinne  and  Edward  Smith  were  requested 
to  prepare  for  publication  a  history  of  the  city  schools. 
This  work  was-  commenced  during  the  summer  vaca- 
tion, but  it  required  too  much  time  and  labor  to  be 
completed  within  the  year,  especially  by  those  engaged 
in  teaching.  The  work  thus  begun,  however,  has 
resulted  in  the  present  volume. 

During  the  autumn  of  1889,  John  W.  Smith,  con- 
nected with  the  Solvay  Process  Works,  presented  a 


228          HISTORY   OF   THE    SCHOOLS   OF   SYRACUSE 

plan  for  teaching  architectural  and  mechanical  drawing 
in  an  evening  school,  volunteering  his  services,  provid- 
ed the  Board  of  Education  would  secure  suitable  room, 
light,  etc.  This  proposition  was  gladly  accepted.  The 
superintendent  acted  with  Mr.  Smith  in  making  neces- 
sary provision  for  the  work.  This  was  the  beginning 
of  a  school  which  has  now  been  in  operation  three  years, 
having  had  more  applicants  than  could  be  accomodated. 

Near  the  close  of  the  year,  the  death  of  Commis- 
sioner Thomas  Meagher  and  of  the  wife  of  Commissioner 
Von  Landberg  brought  sorrow  into  their  households,  and 
appropriate  resolutions  of  sympathy  and  condolence 
were  passed  by  the  Board  in  each  of  these  cases. 

A  special  meeting  of  the  Board  of  Education  was 
called  to  take  action  on  the  death  of  Ansel  E.  Kinne, 
principal  of  Madison  school,  and  appropriate  resolutions 
acknowledging  his  faithfulness  and  efficiency  as  an 
instructor  were  passed. 

Owing  to  the  exhaustion  of  the  fund  appropriated  for 
teachers'  wages,  an  application  for  opening  evening 
schools  was  denied. 

Early  in  the  fall  and  winter  a  sentiment  pervaded  our 
city,  as  it  did  the  State,  in  favor  of  placing  the  Ameri- 
can flag  upon  the  school  buildings.  Through  the  con- 
tributions of  the  pupils  and  teachers,  nearly  all  the 
school-houses  were  provided  with  the  national  emblem. 

The  new  school  building  in  the  Ninth  Ward  was  com- 
pleted and  occupied  in  February,  1890,  with  Miss  Mary 


DELAWARE  SCHOOL, 


230  HISTORY   OF   THE   SCHOOLS   OF   SYRACUSE 

W.  Flanagan  principal.  This  was  a  ten-room  building, 
modeled  after  the  Frazer  school,  in  the  Third  Ward,  and 
cost,  including  the  lot,  123,000.  It  was  not  fully  com- 
pleted till  the  following  year,  when  it  was  named  the 
Delaware  school. 

In  March,  1890,  William  Spaulding  was  elected  pres- 
ident of  the  Board.  After  the  opening  of  the  Delaware 
school  last  year,  sufficient  room  had  been  provided  for 
all  the  pupils  in  that  part  of  the  city,  and  what  was 
known  as  the  Magnolia  school,  in  the  Geddes  annex,  was 
abandoned,  the  pupils  being  sent  to  the  Porter  and  the 
Delaware  schools. 

Miss  Dwyre  in  charge  of  the  training  class,  having 
shown  her  adaptability  to  the  work  in  this  city  and 
being  known  abroad,  was  strongly  urged  to  leave  the 
work  here,  at  an  advance  of  salary,  to  take  a  similar 
position  in  the  west,  but  the  Board  wisely  put  her  sal- 
ary at  $1,000  to  retain  her  services. 

J.  F.  Cooney,  after  six  years'  service  as  assistant  clerk 
of  the  Board  of  Education,  resigned,  and  his  brother,  P. 
D.  Cooney  received  the  appointment  to  the  position. 

Beside  the  school-house  erected  on  the  Merrick  tract, 
in  the  Fifth  Ward,  already  mentioned,  plans  for  alter- 
ing and  improving  Salina  school,  for  an  addition  to  the 
Clinton  school,  and  for  the  erection  of  a  new  house  in 
the  Eleventh  Ward  were  adopted,  and  except  the  last 
named  were  completed  during  the  current  year.  The 
estimated  cost  of  the  Eleventh  Ward  house  according 


WM.   SPAULDING; 


232  HISTORY    OF   THE   SCHOOLS   OF   SYRACUSE 

to  the  architect  for  partial  completion  was  $18,996. 
The  contract  was  signed  and  the  work  commenced,  but 
progressed  very  slowly  for  want  of  sufficient  means. 

Arrangements  were  made  in  the  autumn,  for  opening 
the  mechanical  drawing  school,  organized  the  pre- 
ceding year,  and  three  evening  schools  in  different  parts 
of  the  city,  for  a  term  of  sixteen  weeks,  four  days  in  a 
week,  All  of  these  were  exclusively  for  pupils  not  in 
the  regular  day  schools,  and  admittance  was  conditioned 
upon  the  recommendation  of  the  ward  commissioner. 
Tuition  was  free  to  such  as  were  admitted,  books  were 
furnished,  the  students  in  the  drawing  school  providing 
themselves  with  necessary  materials. 

A  new  stipulation  for  the  appointment  of  teachers, 
provided  that  no  permanent  appointment  shall  here- 
after be  made  except  after  a  six  months'  service  which 
shall  prove  satisfactory  to  the  principal  of  the  school, 
the  superintendent,  and  the  commissioner  of  the  ward. 

The  superintendent  called  the  attention -of  the  Board 
to  the  fact  that  no  provision  had  been  made  for  rooms 
for  the  Board  of  Education  in  the  new  City  Hall,  and  the 
president  of  the  Board  and  Superintendent  Blodgett 
were  appointed  a  committee  to  consult  with  the  Mayor 
and  Common  Council  in  relation  to  the  matter.  This 
resulted  in  securing  convenient  and  suitable  rooms  in 
the  south-east  corner  of  the  building,  second  floor. 

In  February,  1891,  by  action  of  the  Board  of  Educa- 
tion, in  connection  with  the  Board  of  Health,  an  act 


FIFTH    DECADE 


233 


was  passed,  forbidding  the  registering  of  any  pupil  in 
the  public  schools  without  the  certificate  of  the  health 
officer. 

In  March,  1891,  Edward  C.  Wright  was  elected  pres- 
ident of  the  Board. 

Miss   Lucy   A.    Adams,    who   had    been    director  of 

drawing  for  a  term 
o  f  years,  resigned, 
and  was  appointed 
teacher  of  that 
branch  in  the  High 
school,  and  Miss 
McLennan,  of  the 
Oneonta  Normal 
school,  was  given 
charge  of  drawing  in 
all  the  schools.  On 
account  of  ill-health 
she  was  forced  to 
decline,  when  it  was 
offered  to  MissEmma 
J.  Asbrand,  who  has 

occupied  the  position  for  one  year.  She  has  already 
gained  the  confidence  and  sympathy  of  teachers  and 
pupils,  and  has  made  marked  progress.  Miss  Amelia 
Weiskotten  was  also  added  to  the  corps  of  teachers  in 
the  High  school. 


EMMA  J.  ASBRAND. 


EDWARD  C.  WKKJHT. 


FIFTH    DECADE 


235 


The  graduating  exercises,  at  the  close  of  the  term  end- 
ing January,  were 
held  in  the  Wieting 
Opera  House  for  the 
High  school,,  and  the 
Alhambra  for  the 
Advanced  A  senior 
class.  The  several 
senior  schools  united 
in  their  exercises. 
There  is  no  hall  large 
enough  to  accommo- 
date the  citizens  who 
always  turn  out  to  ex- 
ercises of  the  public 
school  children,  and 
both  of  the  halls 


AMELIA  WKISKOTTEN. 


were  crowded. 

During  this  year  a  better  organization  for  the  teach- 
ers' and  training  classes  had  been  effected  and  better 
results  were  accomplished.  An  addition  to  the  lot 
belonging  to  the  Merrick  school  was  purchased,  by 
which  it  was  greatly  improved. 

During  this  year,  Hon.  J.  J.  Belden  sent  a  communi- 
cation to  the  Common  Council  offering  to  erect  a  struc- 
ture for  a  Library  and  Art  building  for  the  benefit  of 
these  departments  of  public  education  on  condition 
that  a  suitable  site  be  provided  by  the  city. 


236          HISTOKY   OF  THE   SCHOOLS   OF   SYRACUSE 

At  a  meeting  of  the  Board  of  Education,  Commis- 
sioner McAllister  pre- 
sented the  following 
resolution,  which  was 
adopted  : 

"Resolved,  That 
the  Board  of  Educa- 
tion of  this  city,  here- 
by extends  its  thanks 
to  the  Hon.  J.  J. 
Belden  for  his  magnif- 
icent and  timely  gift ; 
and  that  we  individ- 
ually pledge  him  onr 
earnest  efforts  and 
best  support  looking 
to  the  fulfillment  of 
his  highest  wishes  and  expectations  in  this  grand  enter- 
prise." 

The  Board,  by  a  unanimous  vote,  gave  the  free  use 
of  the  large  room  in  the  High  school  building  for  the 
C.  L.  S.  C.  university  extension  course  of  twelve  lect- 
ures. This  offer  was  accepted,  but  popular  feeling  was 
so  much  roused  that  this  room  was  too  small  to  seat  the 
assembly.  The  largest  city  churches  were  filled  to  their 
utmost  capacity.  A  supplementary  course  was  started 
later  in  the  season  when  the  High  school  room  was 
occupied  and  proved  satisfactory.  By  this  means  two 


MARY  LOUNSBURY, 
Principal  of  Genesee  School. 


FIFTH    DECADE  237 

courses,  numbering  in  all  twenty-four   lectures,  were 
provided  to  citizens  at  a  nominal  price. 

At  the  organization  of  the  Board  of  Education  in 
March,  1892,  Giles  H.  Stilwell  was  elected  president. 
New  buildings  were  erected  for  Montgomery  and  Grace 
schools,  the  perspectives  of  which  here  given  will  illus- 
trate the  present  ideals  of  Syracuse  in  school  architec- 
ture. In  general  it  may  be  said  that  never  were  our 
schools  more  prosperous,  our  teachers  more  united,  or 
our  system  of  public  education  more  firmly  entrenched 
in  the  hearts  of  the  people. 


GKACE  SCHOOL. 


THE    PUBLIC  LIBRARY 


The  public  library  has  been  an  important  factor 
in  the  educational  interests  of  our  city  and  we  give  a 
brief  history  of  its  organization  and  growth. 

In  1827,  Governor  Dewitt  Clinton  recommended  the 
establishment  of  small  libraries  in  the  several  district 
schools  of  the  State.  There  were  about  8,000  of  them 
at  that  time  and  430,000  pupils.  The  cost  of  these 
schools  was  about  $200,000.  The  suggestion  culmi- 
nated in  an  act  which  was  passed  in  1835,  authorizing 
the  purchase  of  district  libraries  for  the  schools  of  the 
State. 

Previous  to  this  act  James  Wadsworth,  with  others, 
had,  in  1831,  secured  the  reprinting  and  distribution  of 
"  Hall's  Lectures  on  School  Keeping"  to  all  districts  in 
the  State.  This  was  well  received  and  was  read  by 
teachers  and  parents. 

Gen.  Dix,  who  was  the  Secretary  of  State  and  ex- 
officio  State  Superintendent,  was  intrusted  with  the 
execution  of  a  law  giving  $55,000  to  the  several  districts, 
on  condition  that  an  equal  amount  should  be  raised  by 
them.  This  met  with  favor  and  was  heartily  responded 

to  throughout  the  State. 

(240; 


THE    PUBLIC    LIBKAKY  241 

General  Dix's  successor  in  1841  reported  the  number 
of  volumes  in  the  district  libraries  to  be  422,459,  and  in 
1842,  630,125,  an  increase  in  one  year  of  over  200,000 
volumes.     In  1843  another  act  was  passed  permitting 
the  money  to  be  used  for  the  purchase  of  apparatus  and 
another  afterward  for  the  payment  of  teachers'  wages, 
provided  the  district  contained  over  fifty  children,  from 
five  to  sixteen  years  of  age,  and  the  library  125  volumes. 
The  superintendent's  report  this  year  showed  1,604,210 
volumes.     Eight  years  after,  in  1861,  the  report  showed 
a  decline,  there  being  only  1,286,536  volumes,  a  decrease 
of    317,674   volumes,    although  the  $55,000  had  been 
annually  appropriated.      The  next  year  the   superin- 
tendent found  the  libraries  represented  by  a  motley 
collection  of  1,500,000  volumes  scattered  among  the 
families  of  the  district  and  piled  upon  their  shelves,  or 
stored  away  in  damp  cellars.     The  Legislature,  in  1864, 
authorized  all  districts  receiving  less  than  $3  to  use  the 
money  for  the  payment  of  teachers'  wages  or  for  the 
purchase  of  apparatus.     The  division  of  library  money 
caused  a  decline  as  Superintendent  Morgan  predicted 
in  1840. 

The  Central  Library,  now,  and  since  its  organization, 
has  been  under  the  charge  of  the  Board  of  Education. 
The  foundation  of  this  library  was  the  district  school 
libraries  of  the  town  of  Salina,  which  came  into  the  city 
under  the  charter  of  incorporation.  These  several 
libraries  were  like  others  heretofore  mentioned,  a  mot- 


242          HISTORY   OF  THE    SCHOOLS   OF   SYRACUSE 

ley  collection  of  books  :  some  excellent,  others  worth- 
less. The  same  books  were  found  in  many  if  not  in  all 
the  ten  districts,  and  an  effort  was  made  by  the  Board, 
in  1857,  to  avoid  duplicating  books,  and  thereby, 
with  the  same  expenditure  of  money,  purchase  a  greater 
variety.  The  libraries  of  the  schools  near  the  centre 
of  the  city  were  collected  at  the  City  Hall,  in  a  room 
provided  for  that  purpose,  and  the  books  of  reference 
in  all  other  schools  were  also  brought  there.  The  more 
distant  schools  kept  only  such  books  as  children  would 
want  to  read. 

In  1858,  all  the  libraries  were  placed  under  the 
control  of  the  librarian,  and  different  days  assigned  for 
the  several  wards  to  draw  books  under  his  direction.  This 
was  soon  followed  by  bringing  all  the  books  together  at 
the  Central  Library,  and  fixing  certain  days  of  the  week 
for  the  several  schools  to  draw.  Rooms  at  the  north  end 
of  the  old  City  Hall  were  arranged  with  shelving  and 
book-cases,  convenient  and  attractive. 

Under  Sec.  19,  Chap.  2,  of  the  Rules  of  the  Board, 
published  in  1857,  the  superintendent  is  made  "  the 
librarian,  under  the  direction  of  the  library  committee, 
and  was  given  charge  of  the  central  and  district  libra- 
ries ;  to  devise  some  system  for  the  letting,  care  and 
preservation  of  the  books  ;  and  to  report  to  the  Board 
once  a  year,  the  condition  and  necessities." 

The  next  year,  John  J.  Peck  was  made  chairman  of 
the  library  committee  and  did  most  excellent  work.  In 


THE    PUBLIC    LIBRARY  243 

an  elaborate  report,  he  said  :  "  The  Board  fully  appre- 
ciating the  importance  of  reference  and  circulating 
libraries  as  aids  in  the  great  work  of  education,  mani- 
fested a  desire  to  raise  the  standard,  by  enlarging  the 
libraries  and  improving  them  by  bringing  them  within 
the  reach  of  citizens."  That  report  resulted  in  the 
establishment,  by  consolidation  and  purchase,  of  the 
Central  Library,  containing  3,000  volumes  of  standard 
works.  A  course  of  free  lectures,  partly  to  stimulate 
interest  in  the  library,  was  delivered  by  several  of  the 
citizens  in  1857,  '58,  '59.  The  library  in  1861,  con- 
tained 3,500  volumes,  besides  several  hundred  dupli- 
cates, with  an  average  weekly  circulation  of  500  ;  or 
over  25,000  for  the  year. 

The  design  at  the  beginning  was  :  1st.  To  make  it  as 
complete  as  possible  in  the  standard  and  common  works 
upon  history,  biography,  science,  etc.  2d.  To  obtain 
a  large  amount  of  valuable  works  of  reference,  books 
beyond  the  reach  of  ordinary  readers.  3d.  To  furnish 
the  best  standard  works  of  light  literature  and  a  great 
assortment  of  juvenile  reading. 

As  the  library  increased  in  its  usefulness  and  its  cir- 
culation, it  became  necessary  to  have  the  librarian 
always  at  his  post ;  and  in  1862,  John  Strachan  was 
made  assistant  under  the  direction  of  the  superin- 
tendendent  of  schools.  He  was  followed  by  Patrick 
McCarthy,  who  began  his  official  work  in  March,  1863. 

The  first  published  report  appeared  in  1868,  in  the 


244          HISTORY    OF   THE   SCHOOLS    OF   SYRACUSE 

report  of  the  Board  of  Education,  in  which  is  given  the 
number  of  volumes  in  1867  to  be  5,227,  which  was  in- 
creased in  1868  to  5,870.  The  circulation  was  increased 
more  than  one  hundred  per  cent  in  five  years.  Six  hun- 
dred seventy  volumes  had  been  added  by  purchase  and 
twenty  volumes  had  been  donated  during  the  year. 
The  circulation  was  over  30,000. 

In  the  report  for  1869,  1,373  volumes  were  added  by 
purchase,  and  one  hundred  forty-six  by  donation. 
Among  those  donated  were  the  London  Builder,  con- 
taining twenty-five  volumes,  and  fifty-one  volumes  of 
the  London  Illustrated  Neivs,  from  1841  to  1867,  given 
by  Andrew  D.  and  Barrett  R.  White,  as  before  noted. 

The  Central  Library  was  moved  from  its  too  limited 
quarters  in  the  City  Hall  building,  April  19,  1869,  to 
the  High  school  building ;  and  contained  10,000  vol- 
umes. There  had  been  added  by  purchase  2,472  vol- 
umes, and  by  donation  187  volumes.  The  circula- 
tion the  first  year  after  removal  averaged  130  a  day. 

During  the  following  year,  Mr.  McCarthy  died,  after 
seven  years  of  service,  and  his  son  William,  who  had 
been  his  assistant  for  six  years,  received  the  appoint- 
ment, and  served  three  years.  John  S.  Clark  succeeded 
William  McCarthy,  and  served  three  years.  During 
these  six  years,  the  number  of  volumes  increased 
from  10,592  to  14,070.  The  average  daily  loan  for 
this  period  was  more  than  133  per  day  for  all  days  in 
which  the  library  had  been  opened  to  the  public. 


THE    PUBLIC   LIBRARY  245 

In  the  summer  of  1875,  the  bust  of  the  Rev.  Samuel 
J.  May  was  placed  in  the  middle  alcove,  as  before 
stated. 

Mrs.  Mary  A.  Gambia  succeeded  Mr.  Clark  as  librarian, 
in  1876,  and  continued  to  March,  1879.  At  the  close  of 
her  term  there  were  13,344  volumes  in  the  library, 
showing  a  decrease  in  three  years  of  726  volumes.  The 
daily  loans  had  averaged  164,  and  the  number  of  vol- 
umes loaned  the  last  year  was  47,760. 

The  Rev.  Mr.  Mundy,  the  present  librarian,  was 
appointed  in  1880.  He  says  : 

"The  library  has  doubled  in  size,  and  has  improved 
greatly  in  the  quality  of  its  books.  The  library  now 
contains  over  23,000  volumes.  During  the  last  few 
years  special  attention  has  been  given  to  the  works  of 
reference  and  to  local  history.  The  local  history  of 
New  York,  New  Jersey,  Pennsylvania,  and  New  Eng- 
land is  becoming  fairly  well  presented  on  the  library 
slii'lves.  The  library  is  moderately  good  also  in  gen- 
eral history  and  poetry.  The  funds  for  the  use  of  the 
library  are  meagre  and  the  purchases  are  therefore  lim- 
ited. The  popular  demand  for  fiction  is  such  that 
a  large  proportion  of  the  money  spent  has  been  put 
into  books  which  are  of  but  temporary  value.  It  is 
however  to  the  credit  of  the  reading  public  that  while 
the  quality  of  the  books  bought  during  the  last  ten 
years  has  been  very  much  improved,  the  circulation  has 
increased. 


246  HISTORY    OF   THE    SCHOOLS    OF    SYRACUSE 

The  library  is  becoming  very  much  cramped  in  its 
present  place  and  greatly  needs  larger  rooms.  One  of 
our  public  spirited  citizens  has  undertaken  to  provide 
for  this  need.  The  Hon.  J.  J.  Belden  has  offered  to 
erect  a  library  building  to  cost  not  less  than  $150,000. 
The  Common  Council  has  accepted  his  offer  and  com- 
plied with  the  conditions  named.  The  people  may 
therefore  look  forward  to  see  a  building  for  their  library 
which  will  be  an  ornament  to  the  city.  With  this 
will  doubtless  come  increase  of  funds  for  purchasing 
books.  And  a  few  years  of  judicious  management  of  a 
small  fund  for  the  increase  of  books  will  give  our 
library  fair  standing  among  the  libraries  of  the  Empire 
State." 


MEMBERS  AND  OFFICERS  OF  THE 
BOARD  OF  EDUCATION 


NOTE.— Numbers  in  parentheses  show  the  wards.   The  name  of  the  president 
is  in  SMALL  CAPS  ;  of  the  clerk  and  superintendent,  in  italics. 

1848.— (1)  Wm.  Clark,  John  P.  Babcock  ;  (2)  James 
Noxon,  0.  M.  Brosnan  ;  (3)  HIRAM  PUTNAM,,  Daniel 
Bradley  ;  (4)  Oliver  Teal  (till  resignation,  April  24  ; 
then  T.  B.  Fitch),  Charles  A.  Wheaton  ;  A.  G.  Salis- 
bury. 

1849.— (1)  Wm.  Clark  (till  resignation  ;  then  Mr. 
Nathan,  and  afterward  John  McCarthy),  Wm.  H.  Hoyt; 
(2)  James  Noxon,  Ira  A.  Thurber;  (3)  HIRAM  PUT- 
NAM, Robert  R.  Raymond  ;  (4)  T.  B.  Fitch  (till  resig- 
nation in  May;  then  Smith  Ostrum),  P.  C.  Samson: 
A.  G.  Salisbury  (till  resignation ;  then  William  L. 
Crandall). 

1850.— (1)  William  H.  Hoyt,  John  McCarthy  ;  (2) 
Ira  A.  Thurber,  John  Wilkinson  ;  (3)  Robert  R,  Ray- 
mond (till  resignation.;  then  C.  F.  Williston),  HIRAM 
PUTNAM  ;  (4)  P.  C.  Samsom,  Charles  A.  Wheaton ; 
William  L.  Crandall  (till  resignation ;  then  A.  G.  Sal- 
isbury). 

(247) 


(Jll.KS   H. 

President  of  the  Board  of  Education,  1892-93. 


UBRT^ 
Or  TH* 


or 


BOARDS   OF    EDUCATION  249 

1851.— (l)  Charles  B.  Scott,  John  McCarthy  ;  (2) 
James  C.  Hanchett  (till  resignation  ;  then  Alanson 
Thorp),  John  Wilkinson  ;  (3)  HIRAM  PUTNAM,  William 
Bliss  Ashley ;  (4)  Charles  A.  Wheaton,  E.  T.  Hayden  ; 

A.  G.  Salisbury  (till  resignation  ;  then  E.  A.  Sheldon). 
1852. — (1)  Charles  B.  Scott,  James  Lynch  ;  (2)  John 

B.  Burnett,  Alanson   Thorp  ;    (3)    Wm.   Bliss  Ashley, 
Lewis   J.    Gillett;    (4)    E.    T.   Hayden,    CHARLES   A. 
WHEATON  ;  E.  A.  Sheldon. 

1853. — (1)  James  Lynch,  Matthew  Murphy ;  (2) 
John  B.  Burnett,  Q.  A.  Johnson  ;  (3)  Lewis  J.  Gillett 
(till  resignation  ;  then  Ansel  E.  Kinne),  William  Hall ; 
(4)  CHARLES  A.  WHEATON,  E.  T.  Hayden ;  E.  A.  Shel- 
don (till  resignation  ;  then  William  Hall). 

1854. — The  city  had  been  divided  into  eight  wards, 
and  two  commissioners  from  each,  increased  the  Board 
of  Education  to  sixteen  members.  (1)  John  McCarthy, 
Wm.  F.  Gere  ;  (2)  Walter  C.  Hopkins,  Matthew  Mur- 
phy ;  (3)  P.  S.  Stoddard,  Q.  A.  Johnson  ;  (4)  N.  F. 
GRAVES,  J.  G.  Wynkoop  ;  (5)  H.  L.  Dinmore  (till  res- 
ignation ;  then  LeRoy  Morgan),  Ansel  E.  Kinne  (till 
resignation  ;  then  G.  H.  Hulen)  ;  (6)  William  Bliss 
Ashley,  William  Hall ;  (7)  H.  D.  Hatch,  E.  T.  Hay- 
den (till  resignation ;  then  J.  A.  Allen)  ;  (8)  W.  H.  H. 
Smith,  George  Barney  ;  M.  L.  Brown. 

1855.— (1)  John  McCarthy,  Abram  Davis;  (2)  Mat- 
thew Murphy,  Christian  Freeoff ;  (3)  P.  S.  Stoddard, 
Smith  Trowbridge  ;  (4)  N.  F.  GRAVES,  E.  P.  Hopkins; 


P.  J.  CODY. 


FHANK  HOPKINS. 


J-  J-  KKKKK.  P..R.  KIKI.KV, 

BOARD  OF  EDUCATION,  1892-93. 


BOARDS    OF    EDUCATION  251 

(5)  LeRoy  Morgan,  N.  H.  Kinne  ;  (6)  Win.  Bliss  Ash- 
ley, William  Hall.;  (7)  H.  D.  Hatch,  Joseph  A.  Allen; 
(8)  W.  H.  H.  Smith,  W.  E.  Rose  ;  Geo.  L.  Farnham. 

1856.— (1)  Nicholas  Cooney,  John  McCarthy;  (2) 
Jacob  Brand,  Matthew  Murphy;  (3)  Smith  Trowbridge, 
Q.  A.  Johnson ;  (4)  Edwin  P.  Hopkins,  William  J. 
Hough  ;  (5)  LEROY  MORGAN,  N.  Hildreth  Kinne ;  (6) 
William  Hall,  Francis  H.  Williams  ;  (7)  Joseph  A. 
Allen,  Joseph  I.  Bradley  ;  (8)  Wm.  E.  Rose,  George  J. 
Gardner  ;  Geo.  L.  Farnham. 

1857. — By  another  amendment  to  the  city  charter 
each  ward  will  now  be  represented  by  one  commissioner 
after  another  year,  when  the  time  for  which  four  of  the 
present  Board  here  elected  has  expired.  (1)  N.  M. 
Childs,  Nicholas  Cooney;  (2)  Jacob  Brand;  (3)  Joseph 
P.  Oalanan  (died  before  taking  his  seat ;  then  Wm.  V. 
Bruyn)  ;  (4)  WM.  J.  HOUGH  ;  (5)  N.  H.  Kinne,  W.  W. 
Willard  ;  (6)  F.  H.  Williams  (till  resignation  ;  then 
R.  F.  Stevens)  ;  (7)  Joseph  A.  Allen,  Joseph  I.  Brad- 
ley ;  (8)  Geo.  J.  Gardner ;  Geo.  L.  Farnham. 

1858.— (1)  N.  M.  CHILDS;  (2)  0.  M.  Henderson;  (3) 
Wm.  V.  Bruyn  ;  (4)  John  J.  Peck  ;  (5)  Wm.  W.  Wil- 
lard ;  (6)  R.  F.  Stevens  ;  (7)  Joseph  A.  Allen  ;  (8) 
0.  L.  Chandler ;  Geo.  L.  Farnham. 

1859.— (1)  Michael  E.  Lynch  ;  (2)  C.  M.  Henderson; 
(3)  Lyman  W.  Conkey  ;  (4)  JOHN  J.  PECK  ;  (5)  Titus 
J.  Fenn ;  (6)  R.  F.  Stevens  ;  (7)  Joseph  A.  Allen  ;'  (8) 
Calvin  B.  Gay  ;  Geo.  L.  Farnham. 


LKUOY    MOKOAN. 

President  of  the  Board  of  Education,  1856-57. 


BOARDS    OF    EDUCATION  253 

I860.— (1)  Miclmel  E.  Lynch  ;  (2)  Jacob  Miller  ;  (3) 
Lyman  W.  Conkey  ;  (4)  JOHN  J.  PECK  ;  (5)  Titus  J. 
Fenn  ;  (6)  Richard  F.  Stevens  ;  (7)  Joseph  A.  Allen 
(resigned,  February  19,  1801,  after  six  years  of  service); 
(8)  Calvin  B.  Gay  ;  Geo.  L.  Farnliam. 

1861.— (1)  Walter  M.  Dallman  ;  (2)  Jacob  Miller; 
(3)  Lyman  W.  Conkey  ;  (4)  JOHN  J.  PECK  ;  (5)  Titus 
J.  Fenn  ;  (G)  Richard  F.  Stevens  ;  (7)  Charles  D. 
Davis ;  (8)  Calvin  B.  Gay  ;  Geo.  L.  Farnliam. 

1862.— (1)  Walter  M.  Dallman  ;  (2)  Leonard  Saxer  ; 
(3)  LYMAN  W.  CONKEY  ;  (4)  Grove  L.  Johnson  ;  (5) 
Titus  J.  Fenn  ;  (G)  Jas.  S.  Leach  ;  (7)  Charles  D. 
Davis  ;  (8)  George  J.  Gardner ;  Geo.  L.  Farnliam. 

1863. — (1)  Michael  Murray ;  (2)  Leonard  Saxer;  (3) 
SAMUEL  L.  COMSTOCK  ;  (4)  Grove  L.  Johnson  ;  (5) 
Arthur  H.  Wellington  ;  (6)  James  S.  Leach  ;  (7)  John 
Hove;  (8)  Geo.  J.  Gardner;  Charles  E.  Stevens. 

1864.— (1)  Michael  Murray;  (2)  Robert  Shumann  ; 
(3)  SAMUEL  L.  COMSTOCK  ;  (4)  Samuel  J.  May  ;  (5) 
Arthur  H.  Wellington  ;  (6)  Nathaniel  B.  Smith ;  (7) 
John  Hoye  ;  (8)  Manning  0.  Palmer ;  Charles  E. 
Stevens. 

1865.— (1)  John  0.  S.  Lynch;  (2)  Robert  Schumann; 
(3)  Samuel  L.  Comstock  ;  (4)  SAMUEL  J.  MAY  ;  (5) 
Richard  E.  Lusk ;  (G)  Nathaniel  B.  Smith  ;  (7)  Stiles 
M.  Rust ;  (8)  Manning  C.  Palmer  ;  Charles  E.  Stevens, 
clerk  ;  John  H.  French,  superintendent  (till  resigna- 
tion ;  then  Charles  E.  Stevens). 


m 


JAMKS  McAi.usTEK. 


JOHN  A.  MAOKEY. 


JAMKS  H.  MEAGHEB.  JOHN  J.  MOORE,  M.D. 

BOARD  OF  EDUCATION,  1892-93. 


BOARDS    OF    EDUCATION  255 

18GG.— (1)  John  0.  S.  Lynch  ;  (2)  Thomas  J.  Leach; 
(3)  Samuel  L.  Comstock  ;  (4)  SAMUEL  J.  MAY  ;  (5) 
Richard  E.  Lusk  ;  (6)  Orrin  Welch  ;  (7)  Stiles  M.  Rust; 
(8)  John  D.  Bridges  ;  Edward  Smith. 

1867.— (1)  Thomas  Power  ;  (2)  Thomas  J.  Leach  ; 
(3)  John  W.  Barker ;  (4)  SAMUEL  J.  MAY  ;  (5)  John 
J.  Lynch  ;  (G)  Orrin  Welch  ;  (7)  Stiles  M.  Rust  ;  (8) 
John  D.  Bridges  ;  Edward  Smith. 

1868.— (1)  Thomas  Power;  (2)  John  L.  Roehner  ; 
(3)  John  W.  Barker;  (4)  SAMUEL  J.  MAY  ;  (5)  John 
J.  Lynch  ;  (6)  Orrin  Welch  ;  (7)  Stiles  M.  Rust ;  (8) 
John  D.  Bridges  ;  Edward  Smith. 

18G9.  — (1)  John  McCarthy;  (2)  John  L.  Roehner  ; 
(3)  John  W.  Barker  ;  (4)  SAMUEL  J.  MAY  ;  (5)  Nathan- 
iel B.  Smith  ;  (6)  Orrin  Welch ;  (7)  Stiles  M.  Rust  ; 
(8)  John  D.  Bridges  ;  Edward  Smith. 

1870.— (1)  John  McCarthy  ;  (2)  John  Yorkey  ;  (3) 
John  W.  Barker  ;  (4)  Dudley  P.  Phelps  ;  (5)  NATHAN- 
IEL B.  SMITH  ;  (6)  Orrin  Welch  ;  (7)  Stiles  M.  Rust ; 
(8)  Darwin  L.  Pickard  ;  Edward  Smith. 

1871.— (1)  John  McCarthy;  (2)  John  Yorkey;  (3) 
John  W.  Barker  ;  (4)  Dudley  P.  Phelps  ;  (5)  William 
A.  Duncan  ;  (6)  ORRIN  WELCH  ;  (7)  Stiles  M.  Rust ; 
(8)  Darwin  L.  Pickard  ;  Edivard  Smith. 

1872.— (1)  John  McCarthy;  (2)  Henry  C.  Allewelt;  (3) 
John  W.  Barker ;  (4)  George  B.  Leonard  ;  (5)  William 
A.  Duncan  ;  (6)  Nathaniel  B.  Smith  ;  (7)  STILES  M. 
RUST;  (8)  Darwin  L.  Pickard;  Edward  Smith. 


GEORGE  A.  SAWYER. 


WAKRKN  D.  TALLMAN. 


L.  A.  SAXKK,  M.D. 

BOARD  OF  EDUCATION, 


I  I:\IN  K.  WKIUJ. 


BOARDS    OF    EDUCATION  257 

1873.— (1)  Edward  E.  Chapman  ;  (2)  Henry  0.  Alle- 
welt;  (3)  John  W.  Barker;  (4)  George  B.  Leonard  ;  (5) 
William  A.  Duncan ;  (G)  Nathaniel  B.  Smith  ;  (7) 
STILES  M.  RUST  ;  (8)  Darwin  L.  Pickard ;  Edward 
Smith. 

1874.— (1)  Edward  E.  Chapman  ;  (2)  Henry  C.  Alie- 
welt;  (3)  John  W.  Barker  ;  (4)  Jacob  S.  Smith  ;  (5) 
William  A.  Duncan  ;  (6)  ORRIN  WELCH-;  (7)  Stiles  M. 
Rust  ;  (8)  John  B.  Tallman  ;  Edward  Smith. 

1875. — There  were  no  changes  in  the  Board  of  Edu- 
cation except  in  the  Seventh  Ward,  where  John  J. 
Grouse  succeeded  Stiles  M.  Rust,  who  had  served  ten 
years  in  the  Board.  All  other  retiring  commissioners 
were  re-elected.  ORRIN  WELCH  ;  Edward  Smith. 

1876.— (1)  Edward  E.  Chapman  ;  (2)  Peter  Knaul; 
(3)  John  AV.  Barker;  (4)  Jacob  S.  Smith  ;  (4)  WILLIAM 
A.DUNCAN;  (6)  Hiram  R.  Olrnsted  ;  (7)  Martin  A. 
Knapp;  (8)  John  B.  Tallman;  Edward  Smith. 

1877. — All  commissioners  whose  terms  of  office  ex- 
pired were  re-elected,  and  there  was  no  change  in  the 
Board.  JOHN  AV.  BARKER  ;  Edward  Smith. 

1878.— (1)  Edward  E.  Chapman  ;  (2)  Peter  Knaul  ; 
(3)  JOHN  W.  BARKER  ;  (4)  Henry  E.  Warne  ;  (5)  AVm. 
A.  Duncan  ;  (6)  Hiram  R.  Olmsted  ;  (7)  Martin  A. 
Knapp  ;  (8)  John  H.  Durston  ;  Edward  Smith. 

1879.— (1)  EDWARD  E.  CHAPMAN;  (2)  Peter  Knaul; 
(3)  William  Brown  Smith  ;  (4)  Henry  E.  Warne  ;  (5) 


258  HISTORY    OF   THE    SCHOOLS    OF   SYRACUSE 

William  A.  Duncan  ;  (6)  Hiram  R.  Olmsted  ;  (7)  John 
M.  Strong  ;  (8)  John  H.  Durston  ;  Edward  Smith. 

1880. — (1)  EDWARD  E.  CHAPMAN  (completed  eight 
years  of  service  in  the  Board,  the  last  two  of  which  he 
was  president)  ;  (2)  J.  Daniel  Ackerman  ;  (3)  \V. 
Brown  Smith  ;  (4)  George  0.  Young  ;  (5)  William  A. 
Duncan  ;  (0)  Hiram  R.  Olmsted  ;  (7)  John  M.  Strong; 
(8)  John  H.  Durston  ;  Edward  Smith. 

1881.— (1)  Thomas  Nicholson  ;    (2)  J.  Daniel  Acker- 

_^_     man;     (3)     W. 

Brown  Smith  ;   (4) 
George  0.  Young ; 
(5)  William  A. 
Duncan ;    (6)    HI- 
RAM R.  OLMSTED  ; 
)  John  M.  Strong; 
8)  John  W.  Durs- 
on  (till  resignaton; 
then  D.    L.    Pick- 
ard)  ;      Edward 
Smith. 


CHARES  F.  WISEHOON,  JR. 
Member  Board  of  Education,  1892-93. 


1882.— Fred  W. 
Willwerth  succeed- 
ed J.  D.  Acker- 
man  as  commissioner  from  the  Second  Ward,  all  other 
members  remained  the  same  as  for  the  preceding  year. 
HIRAM  R.  OLMSTED  ;  Edward  Smith. 


HOARDS    OF    EDUCATION  r'iV.I 

1883.— (1)  Michael  Maloney  ;  (2)  Fred  W.  Willworth; 
(3)  W.  BROWN  SMITH  ;  (4)  George  C.  Young  ;  (5) 
William  A.  Duncan;  (6)  Hiram  R.  Olmsted  (retired 
after  eight  years  of  service,  two  of  which  he  was  presi- 
dent) ;  (7)  John  T.  Jenkins  ;  (8)  Darwin  L.  Pickard  ; 
Edward  Smith. 

1884. — (1)  Michael  Maloney  ;  (2)  Daniel  Schmeer  ; 
(3)  W.  BROWN"  SMITH  (till  resignation)  ;  (4)  Alexan- 
der Von  Landberg  ;  (5)  AYilliam  A.  Duncan  ;  (6)  John 
W.  Yale  ;  (7)  John  T.  Jenkins ;  (8)  DARWIN  L.  PICK- 
ARD ;  Edward  Smith. 

1885. — (1)  Michael  Maloney ;  (2)  Daniel  Schmeer  ; 
(3)  James  M.  Belden  ;  (4)  Alexander  Von  Landberg ; 
(5)  William  H.  Warner ;  (6)  John  W.  Yale  ;  (7)  James 
F.  Kennedy ;  (8)  DARWIN  L.  PICKARD  (retired  from 
service,  having  represented  his  ward  eight  years  on  the 
Board,  and  two  years  as  president)  ;  Edivard  Smith. 

1886.— (1)  MICHAEL  MALONEY:  (2)  Daniel  Schmeer; 
(3)  James  M.  Belden  ;  (4)  Alexander  Von  Landberg  ; 
(5)  William  H.  Warner ;  (6)  Abel  0.  Benedict ;  (7) 
James  M.  Kennedy  ;  (8)  James  B.  Brooks  ;  Edward 
Smith. 

1887. — (1)  MICHAEL  MALONEY  ;  (2)  Daniel  Schmeer; 
(3)  Thomas  Meagher  ;  (4)  Alex.  Von  Landberg ;  (5) 
William  H.  Warner ;  (6)  Abel  C.  Benedict ;  (7)  James 
F.  Kennedy ;  (8)  James  B.  Brooks ;  (9)  Edward  M. 
Klock  ;  (10)  Mott  R.  Pharis  ;  (11)  James  R.  McAllis- 
ter ;  Edward  Smith. 


260          HISTORY   OP   THE    SCHOOLS    OF   SYRACUSE 

1888.— (i)  Michael  Maloney  ;  (2)  Daniel  Sclimeer  ; 
(3)  Thomas  Meagher  ;  (4)  ALEX.  VON  LANDBERG  ;  (5) 
William  H.  Warner ;  (6)  Edward  0.  Wright ;  (7) 
James  F.  Kennedy  ;  (8)  James  M.  Gilbert ;  (9)  Edward 
M.  Klock  ;  (10)  Mott  11.  Pharis  (till  resignation  ;  then 
S.  Dempsey)  ;  (11)  James  R.  McAllister  ;  Edward 
Smith. 

1889.— (1)  John  Comerford  ;  (2)  Daniel  Schmeer  ; 
(3)  Thomas  Meagher  ;  (4)  Alexander  Von  Landberg  ; 
(5)  WILLIAM  H.WARNER;  (6)  Edward  C.  Wright; 
(?)  William  Spaulding  ;  (8)  James  M.  Gilbert ;  (9) 
Michael  F.  Casey  ;  (10)  Giles  H.  Stilwell ;  (11)  James 
R.  McAllister;  A.  B.  Blodgetl. 

1890.— (1)  John  Comerford;  (2)  Daniel  Schmeer; 
(3)  James  H.  Meagher  ;  (4)  Alex.  Von  Landberg  ;  (5) 
William  H.  Warner ;  (6)  Edward  C.  Wright ;  (7) 
WILLIAM  SPAULDING;  (8)  John  A.  Tholens:  (9) 
Michael  F.  Casey  ;  (10)  Giles  H.  Stilwell ;  (11)  James 
R.  McAllister ;  A.  B.  Blodyett. 

1891.— (1)  John  J.  Keefe;  (2)  Daniel  Schmeer;  (3) 
James  H.  Meagher  ;  (4)  Alexander  Von  Landberg  ;  (5) 
Warren  D.  Tallrnan  ;  (6)  EDWARD  C.  WRIGHT  ;  (7) 
Patrick  R.  Kieley  ;  (8)  Alexander  Grant ;  (9)  Patrick 
J.  Cody  ;  (10)  Giles  H.  Stilwell ;  (11)  James  R.  McAl- 
lister;  (12)  Charles  F.  Wisehoon,  jr.;  (13)  John  A. 
Mackay;  (14)  John  A.  Tholens;  A.  B.  Blodgett ;  P. 
D.  Cooney,  assistant. 

1892.— (1)  John  J.  Keefe  ;  (2)  Dr.  Leonard  A.  Saxer; 


BOARDS   OF   EDUCATION  261 

(3)  James  H.  Meagher  ;  (4)  Frank  Hopkins  ;  (5)  War- 
ren D.  Tallman  ;  (6)  Dr.  John  J.  Moore ;  (7)  Patrick 
Kieley ;  (8)  George  C.  Sawyer  ;  (9)  Patrick  J.  Cody  ; 
(10)  GILES  H.  STILWELL  ;  (11)  James  R.  McAllister  ; 
(1-2)  Charles  F.  Wisehoon,  jr.;  (13)  John  A.  Mackay  ; 
(14)  Irvin  K.  Webb  ;  A.  B.  Blodyett ;  P.  D.  Coonnj, 
assistant. 


PRESIDENTS  OF  THE  BOARD 


Name. 

Oapt.  Hiram  Putnam, 
Charles  A.  Wheaton, 
Nathan  F.  Graves, 
LeRoy  Morgan, 
William  J.  Hough, 
N.  M.  Childs, 
John  J.  Peck, 
Lyman  W.  Conkey, 
Samuel  L.  Comstock, 
Samuel  J.  May, 
Nathaniel  B.  Smith, 
Orrin  Welch, 
Stiles  M.  Rust, 
Orrin  Welch, 
William  A.  Duncan, 
John  W.  Barker, 
Edward  E.  Chapman, 
Hiram  R.  Olmsted, 
W.  Brown  Smith, 
Darwin  L.  Pickard, 
Michael  Maloney, 
Alexander  Von  Landberg, 
William  H.  Warner, 
William  Spaulding, 
Edward  C.  Wright, 
Giles  H.  Stilwell, 

(262) 


Date. 

Years. 

1848-51, 

4 

1852-53, 

2 

1854-55, 

2 

1856, 

1 

1857, 

1 

1858, 

1 

1859-61, 

3 

1862, 

1 

1863-64, 

2 

1865-69, 

5 

1870, 

1 

1871, 

1 

1872-73, 

2 

1874-75, 

2 

1876, 

1 

1877-78, 

2 

1879-80, 

2 

1881-82, 

2 

1883, 

1 

1884-85, 

2 

1886-87, 

2 

1888, 

1 

1889, 

1 

1890, 

1 

1891, 

1 

1892, 

OF  SCHOOLS 


Albert  G.  Salisbury, 
William  L.  Crandall, 
Albert  G.  Salisbury, 
Edward  A.  Sheldon, 
William  Hall, 
Mortimer  L.  Brown, 
George  L.  Farnham, 
Charles  E.  Stevens, 
Edward  Smith, 
A.  Burr  Blodgett, 


1848-50, 

1850, 

1850-51, 

1851-53, 

1853-54, 

1854-55, 

1855-63, 

1863-66, 

1866-89, 

1889- 
(263) 


1  yr.  10  mo. 
5  months. 
10  months. 

2  years. 

10  months. 
1  year. 
8  years. 

3  years. 
23  years. 
Now  in  office. 


STATISTICAL  TABLE 


Jefferson  school  (No.  3),  built  1848  ;  enlarged  1874. 

Montgomery  school  (No.  11),  built  1851  ;  enlarged 
1857 ;  rebuilt  1892. 

Townsend  school  (No.  12),  built  1851  ;  enlarged 
1861  ;  enlarged  1881. 

Seymour  school  (No.  9),  built  1852  ;  enlarged  1862, 
1865,  1881  ;  rebuilt  1882. 

Salina  school  (No.  8),  enlarged  1852,  1858  ;  aban- 
doned and  new  house  built  1859,  60  ;  enlarged  1871  ; 
burned  and  rebuilt  1873  ;  remodeled  1890. 

Irving  school  (No.  13),  built  1857  ;  enlarged  1866  ; 
rebuilt  1881. 

Putnam  school  (No.  7),  enlarged  1857,  1863  ;  burned 
and  rebuilt  1871  ;  enlarged  1881  ;  new  house  on  new 
lot  built  1888. 

Clinton  school,  built  1859  ;  enlarged  1861,  1866,  1870. 

Genesee  school  (No.  4),  built  1862  ;  enlarged  1870. 

High  school,  built  1867,  68. 

May  school,  built  1867  ;  remodeled,  1885. 

Franklin  school,  1869,  70  ;  remodeled  1886. 

Fayette  school  (No.   6)  and   Lodi  school   (No.   10), 

abandoned,  1871. 

(264) 


STATISTICAL   TABLE  265 

Madison  school,  built  1871. 
Grace  school,  built  1874  ;  rebuilt  1892. 
Adams  school,  built  1874. 

Prescott  school,  enlarged  1867  ;  abandoned  and  new 
building  built  1881. 

Frazer  school,  built  18 — ;  burned  and  rebuilt  1887. 

Vine  school,  built  1887. 

Bassett  school,  built  1890. 

Merrick  school,  built  1890. 

Delaware  school,  built  1890. 

Brighton  school,  built  1891. 


..  ~ 
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SA  MA  NTH  A  LINCOLN, 
Montgomery. 


MRS.  L.  E   THOMAS, 
Brighton. 


ELIZA  G.  CHAPMAN.  .MI;S.  MARY  A.  VAN  ANTWERP, 

Irving.  May. 

PRINCIPALS  OF  JUNIOR  SCHOOLS. 


DANFOBTH  SCHOOL, 


ALPHABETICAL  LIST  OF  TEACHERS 


WitJt  date  of  appointment,  years  of  service,  and  schools 
ivhere  employed,  designated  l>y  letters. 


NOTE.— a,  High;  b,  Salina;  c,  Jefferson;  d,  Townsend;  e,  Franklin;  f,  Gene- 
see;  g,  Frazer;  h,  Prescott;  i,  Clinton  ;  j,  Vine  ;  k,  Fayette  ;  1,  Seymour  ;  in, 
May;  n,  Grace;  o,  Montgomery;  p,  Putnam  ;  q,  Irving ;  r,  Lodi ;  s,  Madison  ; 
t,  Delaware  ;  u.  Porter  ;  v,  Gere  ;  w,  Magnolia;  x,  Danforth;  y,  Brighton;  z. 
Rose;  A,  Adams;  B,  Bassett;  aa,  Onondaga  Orphan  Asylum;  bb,  St.  Vincent 
de  Paul's  Orphan  Asylum;  nn,  Merrick  ;  *,  now  teaching  ;  t,  Portrait;  Dec., 
Deceased;  W.  sch..  Winter  school.  In  dates,  the  1800  is  omitted. 
Abbott,  Harriet  E.;  54-69;  b,c;  Syr.  Aldrich,  Albina;  75-80;  n.  Detroit, 


Abbott,    Nellie  J.;   72;   Mrs.  John 

Duncan,  Syracuse. 
Abbott,  Nellie  S.;  88-92 ;  s,  y,  * 
Abel,  NettieS.;  77:  1. 
Ackerman,  Mattie  B.;  89-92;  p,  * 
Adams,  Maria  E.;  G5-7G ;  f,  n,  o,  q,  s, 

Michigan. 

Adams,  Isabel  H.;  62-68;  q. 
Adams,  Lucy  A.;  67-92  ;  a,  f,  *,  t. 
Adams,  Marcia ;  52-53 :  q. 
Adams,  Sophia  ;  53-55;  s. 
Adams,  John  Q,.;  81-92  ;  x,  y,  *  t 
Alden,    Nellie    M.;   72-74;   q,    Mrs. 

Coit. 
Allen,  Caverno  D.;  48-50;  a,  f,  went 

to  Rome,  N.  Y. 

Allen,  Sophia;  53-55;  a,  s,  married. 
Allin,  Mrs.  Maria;  52-53;  s. 


Michigan. 

Allis,  James  A.,  70-80;  w.  sch.     Syr. 
Allis,  Carrie  L.;  84-91;  e;  Syr. 
Allis,  Mary  D.;  88-90;  a,  Syr. 
Anabel,    Miss;   75;    u.   Mrs.    Henry 

Smith,  Syr. 

Anderson,  Frances;  54-74;  s,  Syr. 
Arnold,  Sarah  M.;   58-92;    a,   o,   *; 

Syr. 

Arnold,  Wealthy;  68;  o,  deceased. 
Arnold,  Emma  E.;  71;  a. 
Arnold,  Mattie;  71-77;  o. 
Arnold,  Mary;  88-90;  b,  Mrs.  George 

Hubbs,  Syr. 
Arnzt,  Caroline  M.;  68-76;   e.  Mrs. 

Cushney,  widow,  California. 
Ashfield,  Elizabeth;    58-61;  q,  Mrs. 

Thomas  Lunn,  widow,  Syr. 
(269) 


LAUIIA  M.  GEAKY, 
Gere. 


ABBIE  ISAACS, 
Vine. 


IlAKIilKT    K.    Al'.IIOTT.  MlS-     FLANAGAN, 

ii  (formerly).  Delaware. 

IMMNCIPALS  OF  JUNIOR  SCHOOLS. 


ALPHABETICAL    LIST   OF   TEACHERS 


271 


Austin,  Mrs.  Alice;  65;  1,  Mrs.  Swan, 

Brooklyn. 

Averel,  Frances;  55;  u. 
Avery,MissE.  C.;  68;  o. 
A  very,  Jennie  A.;  70-72;  a. 
A  very,  Mrs.  H.  S.;  61;  o. 
Avery,  Mrs.  Marietta  S.;  56-60;  o. 
A  very,  Harriet;  60-64. 
Ayers,  Daniel ;  73  ;  b.;  Syr. 

Babcock,  Lucy  E.;  70-73;  m,  s;  Mrs. 

C.  W.  Smith. 
Babcock,  Agnes  E. ;  72-77;  m,  s;  Mrs. 

Wood,  Syracuse. 
Bacon,  George  A.;  74-89;  a;  Allen  & 

Bacon,  Boston,  Mass. 
Bach,  Lottie  E.;  78-92;  e,  * 
Bailey,  B.  N.;  72,73;  w.  sen. 
Bailey,  William;  48;  u. 
Bailey,  Leon  O.;  78;  u,  x. 
Baker,  Mary;  68-92;  p,  m,  n,  * 
Baker,  AdellaL.;  75-92;  m,  * 
Bakeman,  B.  L. ;  78;  w.  sch. 
Balger,  Etta;  91,  92;  n,  * 
Baldwin,  Clara ;  54-56;  k,  m,  p. 
Baldwin,  Charles  G. ;  72.  73  ;  w.  sch. 
Baldwin,  Ellen;  66-92;  1,  m,  q,  s,  * 
Ball,  Carrie;  62;  d. 
Ballon,  E.  F.;  72-76;  music. 
Bainbridge,  Anna  E.;  86-92;  b,  o.  * 
Bainbridge,  Lizzie ;  b  ;  Mrs. , 

California, 

Banister,  Mary  E.;  73-86;  a,  1,  q;  Syr. 
Barker,  Phoebe;  s. 
Barker,  Amelia,  48-50;  v. 
Barker,  F.  W.;  81 ;  x. 
Barnum,  Gen.  Henry  A. ;  52,  59 ;  b  ; 

died,  1890. 
Barber,  Alice;  62-64;  1. 


Barber,  Margaret,  67-71  ;  m  ;  Mrs. 
Horace  Kendall,  Syr. 

Bard  well,  Louise;  70,  71;  p. 

Barren  Mrs.  Eva  L.  (Williams) ;  73- 
78;  b,  1,  *;  Kentucky. 

Barnes,  Lilian  C.;  83-86;  o;  married. 

Barrett,  H.  E.  (Pr.):  80-92;  b,  c,  *  t 

Barrett,  Margaret,  86-92;  u,  * 

Barney,  Mary  A.;  75-90;  1,  p,  m  ; 
Meadville,  Pa. 

Barnes,  J.  H.;  50  ;  u. 

Barry,  Ellen  E.;  79-92;  p,  * 

Bassett,  Minerva  M. ;  68-70  ;  q  ;  Mrs. 
J.  Will  Page,  Syr. 

Bassett,  Mary  A. ;  60-62;  p,  q  ;  Mrs. 
Davis,  New  York  City. 

Bateson,  Rose;  63;  p. 

Bates,  Ella;  63,  64;  k,  m;  Mrs.  Miner, 
died  1872. 

Baum.  Mary;  49;  s. 

Baumgrass,  Augusta  C,;  87-92;  e,  * 

Barnes,  J.  H.;  50;  u, 

Beal,  J.  B.;  48;  (Pr)  p,  u. 

Beach,  Fanny;  64-67;  1. 

Beach,  Ada  M.;  74-83;  A;  Mrs.  Chas. 
Smith,  Syr. 

Bailey,  William;  48;  u. 

Beebe,  Charlotte;  51. 

Beebe,  Harriet;  63-66;  r;  Mrs.  Wil- 
liam Greenland,  Syr. 

Becker,  Miss;  (Pub)  72;  w;  Mrs.  Rob- 
ert Gere,  Syr. 

Beebe,  Hattie;  64-66;  i,  s,  Syr. 

Beebe,  Mary  S.;  64-67;  d,  h;  dec. 

Beebe,  Mattie;  64-65;  o. 

Beebe,  Florence;  54^57;  m. 

Behan,  Margaret  F.;  78-92;  b.  * 

Belknap,  Samuel  L.;  68,  75,  77;' w. 
sch. 


272 


HISTORY    OF   THE    SCHOOLS    OF   SYRACUSE 


I'.Hknap,  Mary  E.;  75-92;  g,  u,  * 

Bell,  Cora  M.:  87-92;  f.  i,  y.  * 

Bell,  Carrie;  62. 

Bennett,  Miss  A.;  48;  k. 

Berry,  Ella:  7 1  7(i:  t;  Mrs.  Hubbard, 
Syr. 

Benson,  Alanson  P.;  43;  u. 

Bero,  KateM.;  86-92;  p.  * 

Bendixon,  Miss ;    j. 

Betts,  Silas  M.;  50-57;  1,  o,  p;  Phil- 
adelphia, Pa. 

Betts,  Mrs.  Hanna  Burnett;  52-57;  p; 
Philadelphia,  Pa. 

Bidwell,  Nathan  D.;  76-84;  u,  *  east. 

Birch,  Mary  E.;  58,  59,  60;  u. 

Bierhardt,  Rose   I.;   78-92.  e;  * 

Billington,  Miles  D.;  w.  sch. 

Birney,  Helen  M.;  66-72;  f,  1,  m;  dec. 

Birney,  Mary  A.;  73-92;  1.  * 

Blair,  Sophia;  67-71;  h;  Mrs.  Gould, 
Bay  City,  Mich. 

Bitter,  Henry;  69-72;  a;  teaching 
music,  Syr. 

Blanchard,  Eva  L.;  74-84;  a,  q,  s;  * 
West  Chester,  Pa.,  Normal  Sch. 

Bliss,  Jane  A.;  63. 

Blodgett,  A.  Burr;  77-89;  b,  h;  Supt. 
<  ity  Schools. 

Bloom,  Sophia:  HI,  92;  A.  * 

Bolway,  Mary  A.;  74-84;  i ; 'Mrs. 
John  Ilarrigen,  Syr. 

Boldry,  Kva:  !«>-!)2;  y,  * 

Bondy,  Yetta  E.;  &5,  86;  A;  Mrs. 
Bernstein,  Ithaca,  N.  Y. 

Bolger.  Etta;  91,  92;  n,  * 

Booth,  Ella  A.;  63-65 ;  m  ;  Mrs.  Vir- 
gil Irons,  Toledo,  Ohio. 

Bond,  Ida  L.  (Hopkins);  68-70,  79-92; 
1.  m,  o,  A,  * 


Booth,  Florence;  68;  p;  Mrs.  Steven 

Colwell,  Detroit. 
Bottom,  Electa  J.;   71-78;   q;   Mrs. 

Lythe,  widow,  Wayne  Co..  N.  Y. 
Bowen,  Ellen  V.:  56-62  ;  d,  h,  i;  Mrs. 

James  Blair. 

Boyle,  Thomas;  57;  w.  sch. 
Boynton,  Mrs.Mary  A.;  70-92;  h,  b,  o, 

1.  * 
Brace,  Emma  C. ;  56-82  ;   b,  c  ;   Mrs. 

John  Stacy,  widow,  Syr. 
Brace,  Caroline  M.;  51-54;  b,  c;  Mrs. 

Scoville,  on  the  Hudson. 
Brand  Harriet  M.;  58;  p;  Syr. 
Brassill,  Lizzie,  91,  92;  y,  * 
Brand,  LucyM.;  56-58,  62-82;  b,  d,  f, 

p,  q;  Matron  Women's  Hospital, 

Chicago. 
Brennan,  Kate ;   64-77;   b,  c ;   Mrs. 

Robert    Brooks,     Schenectady, 

N.  Y. 

Bresnihan,  Julia  R.;  85,  86;  p:  dec. 
Brintnall,  Libbie;  64-70  ;  f.  1,  p  ;  De- 

witt. 

Brintnall,  Helen;  69;  m. 
Briggs,  Sylvia;  55,  56;  m. 
Bradley,  Mary  A.;  51-53;  f. 
Britton,  Grace;  88-92;  e,  * 
Britton,  Cora  A.  73-76  ;  d  ;  Mrs.  W. 

A.  Morgan,  widow,  Silver  Spr., 

N.  Y. 
Bridgeforcl,  Elizabeth  S.;  89,  90;  a 

Syr. 

Bridgeford,  Sarah;  63-65;  h. 
Brigham,  John  B.;  48-53,  66-73,  78;  b, 

h,  f,  1,  r;  died,  1890,  Syr. 
Brinkerhoff,  Amy;  74-84,  88-92;  e,  A, 

g,  * 
Bright,  John  M.;  5V 54;  u. 


ALPHABETICAL   LIST    OF   TEACHERS 


2?3 


Brinkerhoff,  Surah:  ','•!  Si;  Mrs.  Aini- 

don,  Marcellus,N.  Y. 
r,ro\vn.  Mortimer  L.;  53,54;  c;  1  died. 

1888. 

Brown,  Perez  ;  54-5(5  ;  a,  f. 
Brown,  Ellen  ;  56  ;  o. 
Brown,  Harriet  E.;  51-53;  r. 
Brown,  Mrs.  Libbie  (Palmer) ;  61-92; 

1,  *t 

Bnnvnell,  W.  A.;  71-92;  a.  *t 
Brownell,  Alice  J";   75-89;    h,  i.   *; 

Denver,  Colo. 
Brooks,  Miss  J.  B.;  48;  p;  Mrs.  Castle, 

Geneva,  O. 

Brooks,  Sarah  M.;  56-57;  p. 
Brooks,  Charlotte  J.;  56,  57;  d. 
Bruegel,  N.  Roberta;  89-92  ;  h,  * 
Buck,  Ellen  A.;  68-70;  q. 
Buckley,  Ellen. 
Buler,  Fiorina;  92;  A.  * 
Bunnell,  Emma  F.;  71-78;  p,  A;  Mrs. 

Rupert,  Geneva,  N.  Y. 
Bunnell,  Fanny  S. 
Burgess,  Mrs.  Jennie  L.;   62-69;  d, 

f,  h. 

Burdick,  Hattie  R.;  62-70;  1,  o. 
Burdick,  Isaac  E.;  71-80;  h;  went  to 

Chattanooga,  Tenn. 
Burdick,  Nettie  A.;  68-71;  k,  1;  Mrs. 

Allen  Sharpley,  Oakland,  Cal. 
Burdick,  Louise;  78;  married. 
Burch,  Mary  E.:  58-60;  h,  u;  dec. 
Burrill,  Maria;  58,59;  u. 
Burk,  Mary;  58-86;  d,p.A;  died  1886, 

Syr. 

Buckley,  Ellen:  91-92;  u.  * 
Burritt,   Fanny;  75;   c;   Mrs.  Miles 

Syencer,  Syr. 
Burnett,  Sarah;  53-60;  k,  p;  dec. 


Burnham,  Sarah  P.;  54,  55;  b. 
Burnett,  Frances;  54—;  b. 
Burt,  Hattie  C.:  70-75;  d;  dec. 
Buss,  Laura  M.;  91-92;  h.  * 
Bushnell,  Marion  E.;  63-92;  p,  s,  *  t 
Butler,  Ebenezer;  64,  66-73,  82-87;  1, 

u,  x;  t  Syr. 

Burroughs,  Phoebe  J.;  57-61;  h,  m. 
Butts,  Angeline;  49,  50;  p. 
Byrne,  Mary  F.;  85-92;  p.  A.  * 

Cady,  Mary;  54;  u. 

Caldwell,  Genevieve  A.;  69,70;  m,  q; 

dec. 

Calthrop,  Edith;  91,92;  y. 
Cameron,  A.  G.;  72,  73;  u. 
Cameron,  L.  May;  79-92;  n,  nn.   * 
Camp,  Theodore  D.;  64-  67;  p,  *  N. 

York  City. 
Campbell,  Joanna  M.;  74-89;  a,  d.  s; 

New  Hartford,  N.  Y. 
Campbell,  Gertrude  T.:  70;  a. 
Campbell,  Isabel  G.;  76-78;  s;  dec. 
Carpenter,  Jane  A.;  57-61-74;  b,  o. 
Carpenter,  Mrs.  J.  A.;  61-84;  f,  1,  o,p; 
Carter,  Ellen;  70. 
Caraher,  Catherine  M.;   69-86;  d,  s; 

died  1886. 

Carroll,  Nellie;  89-92;  i,  * 
Carew,  Anna;   65-76;   i;   Mrs.  Wm. 

Benson,  Syr. 

Carter,  Isabel:   68-70;  b;  Mrs.  Mar- 
shall Burroughs,  Syr. 
Case,  Miss;  69;  u;  manned. 
Casey,  Ella;  88,  90;  x  ;  married. 
Casey,  Elliette  W.;  55-58;  f;  dec. 
Casey,  Augusta;  60;  n. 
Castle,  Kittie  M.;  73-75;   1;    Seneca 

Falls. 


274 


HISTORY   OF   THE   SCHOOLS   OF   SYRACUSE 


Cate,  Jennie  M.;  79-85;  n;  Mrs.  Jas. 

H.  Waite,  Syr. 
Caldwell,  Geniveve;  70;  nn. 
Chamberlain,  Carrie  A.;  68. 
Chamberlain,  Frank  C.;  u. 
Chaffee,  W.  G.;  63;  u. 
Chapman,  Eliza  G.;  62-92;   o  ,p,  q, 

*  t 
Chapman,  Mrs.  Laura  A.  Wells;  64- 

82;  d,  o,  1;  dec. 
Chappel,  Electa  E.;  55-63;   1;  Mrs. 

Morehouse. 

Chase,  Clara  F.;  62-63;  i;  Mrs.  Pot- 
ter, widow. 
Chase,  Rose  B.;  55-56;  b;  Mrs.M'Lean 

Syr. 

Chase,  Sarah:  62,  63. 
Chase,  Ella  M.;  68,  77;  h,  i;  Mrs.  Dr. 

Weaver,  Syr. 
Chase,  Emma  J.;  63-70;  i. 
Chedzoy,  Carrie  T.;  82-88;  u. 
Cheney,  Frances  L.;  58,  59;  q;  Syr. 
Cheney,  Ellen  M.;  57-68;  1;  Syr. 
Cheesebro,  Deckie;  63-72;  c,  q;  Mrs. 

Crandall,  Chicago. 
Cheesebro,  Fanny  M.;   67-78;   p,  A; 

Mrs.  Clark,  Kindergarten,  Keble 

School,  Syr. 
Church,    Frank   E.;   70-80;  p;   Mrs. 

Maley,  N.  Y. 
Chope,  Lizzie  A.;  83-90;  p;  Mrs.  Nai- 

smith,  Oakland,  Cal. 
Chope,  Louise  W.;  83-86;  o,  s;  Calif. 
Clark,  Addie  L.;  91,  92;  n,  * 
Clark,  Irene  A.  ;64-86;  o,p,A,s;  Mrs. 

J.  H.  Sweet.  Syr. 
Clark,  Mary;  66;  q. 
Clark,  Wm.  P.;  73, 
Clark,  Frances  A.;  58;  q. 


Clark,  Zillah  R.;  67-69;  d;  Mrs.  Ro- 
backer. 

Clark,  Alice  S.;  71-75;  q;  Syr, 

Clark,  Florence  E.;  69-74;  c,  d,  nn; 
Mrs.  Jimison. 

Clark,  Hettie  H.;  74-77;  e;  Mrs.  H. 
Underbill. 

Clarke,  Edith  E.;  85,  86;  a,  c,  Syr. 

Clark,  Grace  D.;  89-92;  o.   * 

Clapp,  Martha  S.;  48-70;  f,  h,  p,  q; 
died  1891  at  Lafayette. 

Clapp,  Leonora  S.;  53;  d. 

Clement,  Fanny;  65-66;  c,  o;  dec. 

Clement,  E.  Augusta;  70-80;  e,  p: 
Mrs.  Alvin  S.  Peck,  New  York 
City. 

Cleveland,  Mrs.  Julia  A.  (Wescott) ; 
65-92;  d,  o,  * 

Clift.  Mattie  M.;  66-69;  d;  asylum, 
Glenwood,  Iowa. 

Coates,  Florence;  89-92;  i,  * 

Cobb,  Emeline;  65,  66;  f,  o;  Cats- 
kill,  N.  Y. 

Cobb,  Irene;  68,  69;  b. 

Cobb,  Sarah  E.;  71,  78-92;  i,  f,  * 

Cobb,  Louise  D.;  70,  71;  i;  married 
Charles  Keith,  died  1885. 

Cockcraft,  Alida;  80-90;  a,  q,  s;  Mrs. 
Cockcraft.  Europe. 

Coit,  RossettaA.;  59-60;  c;  taught  4 
years  in  Fably  Seminary,  went 
south  at  the  close  of  the  war,  re" 
mained  there  9  years,  3  of  them 
in  Fernandina,  1869  founded  a 
school  of  4  pupils  now  grown 
into  New  Orleans  University, 
now  resides  in  Pulaski. 

Collier,  Anna  L.;  73-83;  p;  Mrs.  E.  C 
Wright,  Syr. 


ALPHABETICAL   LIST    OP   TEACHERS 


275 


Coleman,    Laura   A.;    70-71;   1,    n; 

Mrs.  Geo.  A.  Mosher,  Syr. 
Coleman,  Blanche  II.;  88,  92;  1,  * 
Collins,  Kate  M.;  82-92;  1,  * 
Collins,  Agnes;  78-90;  bb,  * 
Collins,  Grace  M.;  83-92;  1,  * 
Cole,Ella  A.;  66-75;  l,q;  married,  Syr. 
Col  well,  Florence  (Booth);  68-71;  p; 

Detroit. 

Colwell,  Fanny;  88-92;  c,  * 
Cole,  Sarah  A.;  68-69;  e. 
Conkey,Mrs.  Lucy  M.;  75-80;  cl,  i,  Syr. 
Cone,  Mary  E.;  64,  65;  c. 
Congdon,  C.  A.;  76;  w.  sch. 
Cool,  MyraE.;  70-75;  l,n;  Mrs.  Alonzo 

Talmage,  New  Haven,  Conn. 
Cook,  Wm.  H.;  52,53;  1. 
Cook,  Luvan,  51. 
Cook,  Winnie  (Barber);  68-83;  1,  m, 

n;  dec.,  1883. 
Cook,  Ella  H.;  87-92;  q,  * 
Copeland,  Susan  J.;   83;    Mrs.   Ed. 

Andrews,  Syr. 
Corey,  Angenetta  P. ;  57-60 ;  1 ;  Mrs. 

Burdick. 
Corey,  Sarah  A.;  59-67 ;  o,  q.  s  ;  Mrs. 

Henry  Burdick;  now  Mrs.  Cleve- 
land Orville,  Cal. 
Corbin,  Lucy  A.;  55-63;  c,  d ;  Mrs. 

John  Wild,  Royalton,  Vt. 
Cornelle,  Lewis  D.;  48,  49;  b,  1;  died, 

1883,  Chicago,  111. 
Corwin,  Angenetta ;  57-67  ;    o,  aa  ; 

Syr. 

Cornwell,  Edith;  91;  v. 
Cowles,  Belle   W.;   86-91;    a;   Mrs. 

D.  Cass  Mason,  Syr. 
Cox,  Susan  M.;  48;  p;  Battle  Creek, 

Mich. 


Cooper,  T.;  47 ;  u. 
Crane,  Josie  P.;  65-71;  d,  r,  s;  dec. 
Crawford,  Kate ;  50-53;  p;  married. 
Crowley,  Abby ;  67-92;  s,  * 
Crowen,  Mary  E.;  66-74;  d,  e,  o;  Syr. 
Cross,  Anna;  41;  u. 
Cowles,  Clara  L.;  72. 
Coykendall,  Mary  T.;  73-88;  u. 
Cullen,  Mrs.  Kate  M.;  61-66,  69-92; 

Prin.,  c,  d,  *  t 

Culver,  Addie  S.;  60-62;  1,  o,  q. 
Cummings,  Lizzie  E.;  83-92 ;  q  * 
Cummings;  Sarah  A.;  89-92;  A  * 
Cummings,   Nettie    F.;   80-92 ;    nn, 

n* 

Cunningham,  Mary,  70-73 ;  bb. 
Curtis  Julia  A.  (Hardee);  80-82 ;  e,  1. 

Daily,  Kate  ;  82-91;  1;  died,  91. 

Daily,  Mary  ;  85-92 ;  1  * 

Dakin,  Libbie  M.;  67-72,  73;   o,  m; 

Mrs.  C.  W.  Lane. 
Dake,  Louisa;  63-65;  d. 
Dashley,  Emma  E.,  87-92;  e  * 
Dann,  Mrs.  Millie  E.;  72-74;  1,  q,  s  ; 

Mrs.  Dr.  Mott,  Syr. 
Daniels,  A.  J.;  59;  u. 
Davis,  Harriet  L.;  49-56;  b,  c;  Mrs. 

Thomas,  Englewood. 
Davis,  Helen  M.;  61,  62;  c;  married, 

Syr. 

Davis,  Mary  E.;  75,  76 ;  i,  q. 
Davey,  Emma ;  89-90 ;  o. 
Davey,  Kate ;  62. 
Dean,  Clara  A.;  58-68;  b,  c,  o;  went 

south  after  the  war. 
Dee,  Anna  F.;  86-92;  h  * 
Delano,  Mary ;  90-92 ;  i  * 
Delany  Rose  M.;  89-92 ;  n,  t  * 


276          HISTORY   OF  THE   SCHOOLS   OF   SYRACUSE 


Delany,  Ella  V.;  87-98;  1* 
Delany.  Mary  F.;  84-92;  n  * 
Delany,  Margaret  F.;  88-90;  n;  Syr. 
Dennis,  Carrie ;  g ;  married ;  Syr. 
Dennison,  George  B.;  49 ;  p. 
Dennison,  Mary  A.;  50. 
DePuy,  Mrs.  Julia;  66-69;  b,  i ;  Syr. 
Deveau,  Clara   A.;   66-68;    1;   Mrs. 

Russell;  dec. 
Deveau,  F.  Adelle ;   68-73 ;  b,  k,  o ; 

Mrs.  Curtis,  widow,  Cal. 
Deveau,  Bridget  A.;  90-92  ;  d  * 
Dewey,  Kate  ;  62 ;  o. 
Dickie,  Ella  M.;  69,  70;  m  ;  Mrs.  Ed. 

Wagoner,  Syr. 
Dimmock,  Lizzie  W.;  63-66  ;  b,  c,  1 ; 

Mrs.  George  B.  Leonard,  Syr. 
Dolphin,  Anna;  82-86  ;  p,  q  ;  Mrs.  M. 

Mellon,  Buffalo,  N.  Y. 
Dolphin,  Anastasia  ;  84,  85  ;  q. 
Donaldson,  Anna  ;  91,  92 ;  u  * 
Dore,  KateE.;  85-92;  b* 
Douglass,  Belle ;  65-92 ;  d,  h  * 
Doud,  Mrs.;  74;  u. 
Dow,  Bertha  M.;  66-72 ;  o. 
Drake.  Julia ;  68;  f ;  married. 
Drake,  Louisa ; 

Driscoll,  Michael ;  77-78;  f ;  w.  sch. 
Duffee,  Minnie  E.;  85-90;  1;  Mrs.  Pat- 
rick Johnson,  Syr. 
Dupont,  Alfonse  ;  74-76  ;  a. 
Dunbar,  Debora  ;  68-92  ;  e,  1,  m,  n,  * 
Dunham,  LuellaS.;  72-73;  1,  m;  Pom- 

pey,N.Y. 

Dunham,  Jennie  A.;  75-79  ;  e.  i. 
Dunford,  Honora  A.;  85-92 ;  e  * 
Dunford,  Lizzie  W.;  83-92  ;  c,  b  * 
Dunford,  Minnie  T.;  79-87  ;  b  ;  Mrs. 
Patrick  Murray,  Syr. 


Dunn.  Margaret  A.;  66-78;  b:  Mrs. 
Farmer,  widow,  Syr. 

Dunn.  Mary  G.:  07-71;  d;  Mrs.  Grace, 
widow,  Syr. 

Dunn,  Ella  M.;  72-73 ;  e  ;  Mrs.  M.  J. 
Cliryst,  Syr. 

Dunn,  Kittie  T.;  80-92  ;  b,  c  * 

Dunn,  Anna  V.;  83-91;  h,  i,  *;  teach- 
er of  drawing  and  music,  Ilor- 
nelsville,  N.  Y. 

Durston,  A.  S.;  75  ;  w.  sch. 

Durant,  Margaret  A.;  60-62  ;  f  ;  dec. 

I)\V\T(>.  Mary  L.;  68-92;  k,  o,  p,  *; 
training  class. 

Dwyre,  Lizzie  C.;  73-92  ;  o,  * 

Dwyre,  Wm.  F.;  78,  79;  w.  sch. 

Dwyre,  Kittie  L.;  84-92  ;  A,  p,  * 

Earll,  Delia  N.;  48-55  ;  c  ;  Cal. 

Earll,  Mary  ;  53 ;  c. 

Earll,  Electa  L.;  58-80;  b,c;  died,  1880, 
Baldwinsville. 

Eastman,  Sylvia  J.;  57-65 ;  p,  d  ;  Pa. 

Eagan,  Minnie  A.;  87-92;  v,  * 

Ecker,  Sarah  J.;  61-65;  i;  dec.;  Fay- 
etteville,  N.  Y. 

Edick,  P.  H.;  78-81;  x,  *  ;  Rochester. 

Ellis,  Minnie  H.;  62-68;  q,  p  *;  Brook- 
lyn, N.  Y. 

Elmer,  Ida  M.;  72-75;  m;  Mrs.  Frank 
Enney,  Syr. 

Emmons,  Amanda  J. ;  65-67  ;  c,  f ,  o  ; 
Cal. 

Emerson,  Margaret ;  70-92  ;  i,  * 

Enders,  Margaret  M.;  87-92;  t  * 

Enny,  Ida  M.;  75;  u. 

Enos,  D.  C.;  45;  u. 

Ettleson,  Etta;  90-92;  p  * 

Ettleson,  Dora;  85-87;  o. 


ALPHABETICAL   LIST   OF  TEACHERS 


277 


Evans,  Sarah  E.;  50  ;  c  ;  Mrs,  James 

Johonuot ;  N.  Jer, 
Evans,  Ellen  A.;  56-63;  d,  h,  k;  Mrs. 

Nelligan,  San  Francisco. 
Kvans.  Lola  M.;  61-67;  h,  1. 
Evans.  Donna;  53-55;  h,  k;  Cal. 
Eustace,  Margaret  M.;  84-92  ;  b,  c  * 

Fairchild,  Gussie;  78  ;  s. 
Fairchild,  Kittle  R.;  78-82  ;   s;  "mar- 
ried, Kansas. 
Fairchild,  Lizzie  M.;  74-85;  d,  m,  1 ; 

Mrs.  Will  Gray,  Syr. 
Farley,  Mary;  55-56;  u. 
Falvy,  Alvaretta;  88-92;  x,  y  * 
Fancher,  Mary  J.;   74-75,  77-92;  b, 

f,  h,  * 
Farnham,  George  L.;  50-51;   c;  t  ; 

Prin.  Nebraska  Normal  school, 

Peru. 
Farnham,  Mrs.  George  L.;  50-51,57- 

58;  c,  d:  dec. 
Farnham,  Abby;  51;  b. 
Farnham,  Elizabeth,   69-71  ;   1 ;  m; 

Mrs.  Buxton,  widow,  Syr. 
Fayler,  George  W.; 
Fenn,  Jane;  54,  c5;  1. 
Fisher,  Mary  E.;  60-92;  f,  p,  s,  * 
Fitzgerald,  Alice  E.;   68-78;  84-89; 

c,  i;  Mrs.  Charles  Hanna,  Syr. 
Finkelstein,  Brinna;  88-92;  q,  s,  * 
Fix,  Cora;  g;  Mrs.  Johnson;  Syr. 
Flanagan,  Mary  W.;  86-92;  t,  *  t 
Flach,  Marie  L.;  83-92;  e,  * 
Fleming,  Miss;  53;  h. 
Foote,  Charles  J.;  69-73;  a;  dec. 
Foote,  Mrs.  C.  J.;  73;  a;  dec. 
Foote,  William  Y.;  89-92;  a,  * 
Ford,  Mary;  75-92;  b,  c,  *  t 


Ford,  Celia;  83-88;  c,  *;  west. 
Ford,  Louisa;  87-92;  h;  Mrs.  Fred 

Sloan. 

Foster,  Marion  A.;  74;  i;  died,  83 
Foster,  Lizzie  A.;  81-92;  m,  * 
Foster,  James;  61-62;  u. 
Fox,  Libbie;  70,  71;  p. 
Freeland,  Maria;  60-68?  1;  Mrs.  Chas. 

Pratt,  Dewitt. 
Freeman,  Estella;  68-73,  77,  85;  b,  c; 

Mrs.  W.  Raney;  dec. 
Freeland,  Sarah;  69-92;  1,  m.  q.  * 
Freeland,  Margaret;  73-92;  e,  o,  i,  * 
French,  Mary;  65. 
Frost,  Cordelia;  56,  57;  f. 
Fuller,  Libbie  M.;  67;  s;  Syr. 
Fuller,  Laura  E.;  70-73;  o,  m  ;  Mrs. 

Warren,  Savannah,  Ga. 
Fuller,  Dr.;  87;  t. 
Fullmer,  D.  M.;  57;  u. 

Gage,  Mrs.  Maud  E.;  67-81;  Mich. 

Gallavin,  Mary  E.;  91-92;   v,  * 

Gallivan,  Mary  V.;  91;  v. 

Garfield,  Nellie  F,;  87,  88;  x;  died, 
1890. 

Gannon,  Lizzie  M.;  85-91  ;  m  ;  Mrs, 
M.  J.  Kennedy;  Syr. 

Gaylord,  Orra  M.;  53-59;  Mrs.  S. 
Collins,  Indianapolis. 

Gaylord,  LucettaS.;  54-65;  68-82;  q, 
s,  aa;  dec. 

Gaylord.  Louisa  R.;  58-61. 

Gaylord,  Amelia  H.;  50-86;  p,  s,  q, 
aa,  died,  Syr. 

Gaylord,  Hester  A.;  81-86. 

Gaylord,  Elizabeth  R.;  58-61;  s.  In- 
dianapolis. 

Geary,  Laura  M.;  80-92  ;  g,  v,  w,  *  t 


278 


HISTORY   OF   THE   SCHOOLS   OF   SYRACUSE 


Genett,  Miss ;  07. 

George,  Amelia  (Chapman);   63-67, 

77-80,  83-90;  p,  q,  *. 
Gere,  Louisa  O.;  63-66;  f;  Mrs.  Virgil 

Price,  Flushing,  L.  I. 
Gere,  Mary  E.;  88-92;  f,  o;  *. 
Gilbert,  Sarah  A.;  60-61,  63-65;  b,  d  ; 

Mrs.  Bridgeford  ;  dec. 
Gilbert,  James  M.;  76;  w.  sch. 
Gilbert,  Ida  V.;  79-88:  b,  c;  Mrs.  Jas. 

Gilbert,  Syr. 
Gilmore,  Mrs.  Amelia  (Chedzoy);  66- 

70,74-78;  o;  died,  78. 
Goldstein,  Marilla;  74-84;  Mrs.  Rab- 
bi Guttmann,  Syr. 
Goldman,  Ida  E.;  86,  87;  a. 
Goodrich,  Mrs.  Leonora  L. ;  73-92 ; 

h,  i,  *  t 

Gooley,  Sarah  W.;  86-89;  v. 
Gooley,  Ella  V.;  83-92;  u,  v,  * 
Gould,  Emily  C.;  55,  56;'  u. 
Gould,  Edith  M.;  73,  74;  1;  married. 
Gould,  Helen  E.;  74-92;  q,  * 
Graves,  Charlotte  E.;  71,72;  h. 
Graves,  Addie  S.;  85-92;  u,  t,  * 
Green,  Olivia;  53. 

Griffith,  Olivia;  63-69;  d,  f,  1,  m;  dec. 
Griffith,  Nellie  E.;   78-81;   m;   Mrs. 

Charles  Meldram,  Syr. 
Griffin,  Milton  J.;  81-86;  a;  *  west. 
Griffin,  George  L.;  72,  73;  a;  dec. 
Groot,  Mrs,  Anna;  70-71;  q. 
Grodevant,  Mary  A.;  49;  b. 
Hall,  Celia  A.;  51-58;  a,  d,  h. 
Hall,  Julia  A.;  73-85;  q,  s;  Mrs.  Mer- 

riman,  widow,  Cazenovia. 
Hall,  Catharine  N.;  77-92;  f,  * 
Hale,  Francis  P.;  63,  64;  1;  Syr. 
Hale,  LydaM.;  63-66;  o,  L 


Hamlin,  Flora;  71-92;  1,  m,  * 

Hamilton,  Ella  S.;  69-71;  h;  Mrs. 
llinsdale,  now  Mrs.  A.  C.  Furge- 
son,  Saratoga. 

Hamilton,  Grace;  87-92;  m,  * 

Hampton,  Gussie  M.;  88-92;  n,  * 

Hancock,  Emma;  67. 

Handright,  Mary  E.;  85-92;  u,  * 

Handright,  Nellie. 

Hanley,  Sarah  T.;  90-92;  d,  x,  * 

Hanley,  Nellie  A. 

Hardendorf,  Ida  A.;  75-80;  1,  m;  dec. 

Handrahan,  Nellie  A.;  84-92;  v,  * 

Hapgood,  Kittie  E.;  67-78;  s;  Brook- 
lyn, N.  Y. 

Harris,  Mrs.  Maria  W.;  65-72;  a; 
Homer,  N.  Y. 

Harris,  Geo.  N.;  49-62;  b,  k,  1;  died,  85 

Harris,  Mrs.  Geo.N.;  50-59;  k;  widow, 
Syr. 

Harris,  Ada  A.;  89-92;  1,  * 

Harmon,  Mrs.  Marietta;  83-92;  p,  q,  * 

Harlow,  Wm.;  80-82;  a,  *  t 

Hartnet,  Josephine,  82-90;  bb. 

Hardee,  Julia  A.;  71-75,82;  e,  1,  m; 
Mrs.  Dr.  Curtis,  Kirkville,  N,  Y. 

Hardee,  Jennie;  68-72;  e,  h ;  Mrs. 
Chas.  Lillie,  Pa.;  dec. 

Harmon,  Martha  L.;  70-74;  i,  q;  Mrs. 
Fairchild,  N.  Y.  city,  her  hus- 
band a  teacher. 

Hasper,  Miss  ;  73  ;  u  ;  Mrs.  James 
Dohney. 

Hatfield,  Grace  A.;  78-92;  q,  * 

Havens,  Debora;  90. 

Hawley,  Giles  F.;  73;  a;  dec. 

Hawley,  Irene  C.;  82-86;  Mrs.  Nims, 
Watertown,  N.  Y. 

Hawley,  Mary;  74-75;  p,  s. 


ALPHABETICAL    LIST   OF   TEACHERS 


371) 


Hay.  (Jcorge  W.;  7.">;  w.  sch. 

Hay,  Ida  M.;  75-79,  82-92;  m,  q,  s,  * 

Hay,  Jennie  A.;  75-83;  d;  Brooklyn, 
N.  Y. 

Ilayden,  Frank  A.;  64-66;  Mrs.  Dan1! 
Walter,  Utica,  N.  Y. 

Ilayden,  Madaline;  64-65;  h,  1,  mar- 
ried. 

Ilayden,  Anna  E.;  63-65,  67,  72,  73, 
75-86;  d,  e,  i,  Syr. 

Hayes,  Mary;  72-81;  b,  Mrs.  Nicholas 
Richmond,  Syr. 

Hayes,  Ella;  71-92;  d,  * 

Haynes,  James  C.;  76;  w.  sch. 

Hadden,  Hattie  C.;  90-92:  c,  * 

Henley,  Sarah  F.;  81.  92;  d,  * 

Hennings,  Kate;  66-72;  b;  dec. 

Hicks,  Mary  D.;  68-79;  a;  supervisor 
of  Drawing,  Prangs,  Boston,  Mass. 

Hickcock,  Mary  P.;  58-59;  b;  mar- 
ried, dec. 

Hickox,  Laura  E.;  90-92;  t,  * 

Hitchings,  Mary  E.;  82-92;  x.  * 

Hill,  Miss  A.;  54;  u. 

Hinman,  Orren  C.;  70-80;  p;  Los  An- 
gelos,  Cal. 

Hoagland,  Martha;  73;  u. 

Hodge,  Elizabeth  A.;  68-92;  h,  1,* 

Hogan,  Emma;  84-92;  g,  * 

Hogan,  Mary  E. 

Hogan,  Eleanor  F.;  82-92;  h,  * 

Holmes,  Grace  E. ;  66,  67,  71-73;  d,  h; 
killed  in  accident  at  Baptist 
Church,  73. 

Holmes,  Theo.  A,;  66-78;  d,  e;  Mrs. 
Sanford. 

Holihan,  Ella  M.:  78-92;  u,  * 

Holmes,  Hattie  N.;  75;  e;  Mrs.  Will 
Hind,  Syr. 


Hollister,  Kate  H.;  67-71;  o. 
Holkins,  Anna  E. ;  81-92  ;   i,  j  ;  Mrs. 

Blant,  Syr. 

Hollenbeck,  Jessie  L.;  88-92;  1,  * 
Hood.  Emma  F. ;  65-  70,  75-77;  o. 
Hooper,  J.  W. ;  64—;  u ;  *;  Camillus. 
Hopkins,  Charlotte;  52,  53;    c;  Mrs. 

Upson,  widow,  Syr. 
Hopkins,  Fanny  H. :   72-75;   1;   Mrs. 

Henry  Hooker,  Syr. 
Horner,  Clara  I. ;  70-80;  o,  n ;  Hast- 
ings, N.  Y. 

Hotchkins,  Blanche  M. ;  89-92;  s,  * 
Hotchkins,  Mary  T.;  68-72;  f,  * 
Hotchkins,  Ella  M. 
Hough.  Mrs.  O.  M.;  54,  55;  1. 
House,  Louisa;  62. 
Howe,  Carrie  E.;  73-86;  o,  p;  Mrs. 

W.  S.  Bamum,  Syr. 
Howe,  Grace  M.;  90-92;  s,  * 
Howard,    Frederick;    86-88  ;    a ,  * ; 

Providence,  R.  I. 
Howlet,  Ida;  74-75;  f;  Mrs.  R.  Stone, 

Marcellus,  N.  Y. 
Hoye,  Anna  L.;  63-73,  75-85;  d,  q,  aa; 

married,  Chicago. 
Hoye,  Julia  E.;  67-74;  i,  q;  married. 

Hudson,  Miss ;  68,  69;  b. 

Hull,  Harriet;  50;  f. 

Hull,  Anna  L.;  68,  69. 

Humphrey,  Elizabeth;  53. 

Hungerford,  Mary;  87-90;  b. 

Huntington,  Laura  H. 

Hurst,  Ella;  65-68;  p;  dec. 

Hunt,  Virginia  E.;  60;  h. 

Hurst,  Margaret;  57-76,  81-9C;  k,  o, 

1,  m,  s. 

Hurst,  Mary;  67-92;  k,  1,  m,  * 
Kurd,  Bessie  L.;  88-92;  z,  * 


280 


HISTORY   OF   THE   SCHOOLS   OF   SYRACUSE 


Hurd,  Corinna  A.  (Seeley);  68-71;  b, 

k,  1;  dec. 
Himl,  Mrs.  Charlotte  B.  (Bliss);  57- 

82;  i;  widow,  Pompey. 
Hurd,  Mrs.  R.  L.;  54-67;  o,  aa;  Mrs. 

John  Mead,  widow,  dec. 
Hurd, Ida  L.;   68-80;   b;  Mrs.  Bab- 
cock,  widow,  Syr. 
Hurley,  Ella  C.;  85-92 ;  k,  g ;  * 
Hurlbert,  Josephine ;  58-59  ;  u ;  Mrs. 

Richardson. 
Husbands,  Minnie. 
Hutchinson,  Harriet  L.;  59-62;  Mrs. 

Durfee  C.  Chase,  Syr. 
Hutchinson,  Lodema;  55;  *;  Mrs.  Dr. 

Doren,  Idiot  Asylum,  Columbus, 

Ohio. 
Hyde,  Mrs.  J.  M.;  54-56  ;  k,  p  ;  Mrs. 

Gore,  Oakland,  Cal. 

Ingersol,  Carrie;  81-83;  x. 

Isham,   Maria;   52-53;  c,   o;    Mrs. 

Pierce,  moved  to  Rodman  and 

died,  1885. 
Isaacs,  Abby;  85-92;  i,  j,  * 

Jaqueth,  Julia;  62-66;  b;  Liverpool, 
N.  Y. 

Jeffries,  Mary  II.;  68-70;  p;  Mrs.  Al- 
exander Grant,  Syr. 

Jerome,  Sarah;  68-72;  w,  u;  Mrs.  T. 
D.  Parsons,  Fairmont,  N.  Y. 

Jarvis,  Nellie;  91,93;x,  * 

Johonnot,  James;  48-55;  c,  i;  Insti- 
tute Conductor  and  author, 
died  90. 

Johonnot,  Kate;  70-73;  i;  married. 

Johnson,  Martha  A.;  68;  1. 

Johnson,  Florence;  u,  g. 


.1  ones.  Orpha  J.;  59-64;  d,  f;  married. 

Jones,  Kate  E.;  74-75;  e;  Mrs.  Ar- 
thur Witham,  Syr. 

Jones,  Susan  E.;  80-82;  i,  s;  Syr. 

Jones,  Victoria  A.;  90-92;  s,  * 

Jordan,  Mary  L.;  58-65;  h,  p;  mar- 
ried Mr.  French;  Syr. 

Joy,  Ida  M.;  85-92;  u,  v,  * 

Judd,  Clara  M.;  49-53;  c,  f ;  west. 

Kappasser,  Jennie  B.;  86-92;  e,  * 
Kapps,  Anna  (Whitney);  75-92;  i,  * 
Keeffer,  Lizzie  L. ;  89-92;  e,  * 
Keefe,  Delia  F.;  85-92;  m,  nn.  * 
Keefe,  Mary  E. ;  80-92;  c,  * 
Keener,  Delia  C.;  86-92;  1,  * 
Kennedy,  Eliza  A.;  63-92;  e,  k,  g,  *; 

prin. 
Kennedy,  Margaret;  67-75  ;  p  ;  Mrs. 

P.  J.  Sullivan,  Brooklyn. 
Kennedy,  Ellen;  73-78;  o;  married. 
Kennedy,  Emiline  M. ;  79-89;  p;  Mrs. 

Patrick  Sullivan,  Flatbush,  N.  Y. 
Kellogg,  M.  Ella;  68-71;  h,  k;  Mrs. 

Geo.  D.  Whedon,  Syr. 
Kellogg,    Mary;    64-66;   p,  q ;    Mrs. 

Capt.  Seeley,  Syr. 
Kelley,  Margaret  A.;  74-92,  b,  * 
Kelley,  Libbie;  85-92;  e,  * 
Kelley,  Anna  B.;  91,  92;  e,  * 
Kenyon,  Mrs.  Sarah  L.  (Roney);  76- 

92;  p,  * 

Kenyon,  Oscar  C.;  88-92;  a,  h,  * 
Kenaston,  Mrs.  Effie  G.;  74-89;  q,  s; 

Michigan. 
Kinne,  Ansel  E.;  55-64,  68-90;  h,  p, 

a,  s;  died,  90. 
Kinne,  Mrs.  A.  E.;  56-59,  73-80,  h,  s; 

died,  86. 


ALPHABETICAL   LIST    OF   TEACHERS 


281 


Kinne,  S.  Nettie;  68-73;  p;  Mrs.  Wil- 
liam II.  Peck,  Dewitt,  X.  Y. 

Kinne,  Kate  E.;  82-92;  i,  s,  * 

King,  Clara;  90;  x. 

Kin-,  Eva  A.;  90-92;  i,  s,  * 

Kins,  Cordelia  A.;  74-92;  o,  q,  s,  *. 

King,  Ophelia  A.;  60-71;  p;  married. 

Kingsley,  Miss  II.;  48,  51-53;  s,  p; 
Mrs.  Dwight  Hayden,  died,  90. 

Kingsley,  Clara  A.;  59-61;  p;  Mrs. 
Brockw^y,  New  York, 

Kingsley,  Josephine;  67,  68;  h. 

Kingsley,  E^nmaH.;  81-92;  a,  * 

Knapp,  Cynibhia  E.;  67-83;  e,  *;  Mrs. 
Geo.  Green,  Portland,  Ore. 

Knapp,  Frances  A.;  70,  71;  b;  Fay- 
etteville,  N.  Y. 

Knapp,  Jennie  E.;  72-75;  1,  q;  Mrs. 
Charles  Blanchard,  Fayetteville. 

Knapp,  Anna  M. ;  64-86;  e,  f ,  *;  Port- 
land, Ore. 

Knapp, Alice  C.;  74-84;  A,p;  Mrs.  Jes- 
sie Walrath,  Portland,  Ore. 

Kneeland,  Stella;  78-84;  a;  Mrs.  Fred 
Eddy,  Syr. 

Knight,  Mary  E.:  74. 

Knowels,  Mrs.  H.  M.;  72,  73;  p. 

Lally,  Mary  A.;  76-86;  d;  Mrs.  Frank 

Hopkins,  Syr. 
Lancaster,  Annie  ;  83  ;  i;   married  ; 

dec. 
Lane,  Mrs.  Libbie  M.  (Dakin);   72, 

73;  m. 
Lang,  Emma  G.;  86-87;  h;  Mrs.  J.  F. 

Cooney,  Syr., 

Larabee,  Frances ;  49-50  ;  s. 
Larned,  Ophelia;  51,  52;  1. 
Lasselle,  Georgiana;  67;  q;  dec. 


Lathrop,  Edith  W.;  91,  92;  o,  * 
Lavington,  Alice  E. ;  85-92;  d  ;  * 
Law,  Nettie  S.;  70-77;  1;  Mrs.  Abel, 

Syr. 

Lawrence,  J.  W.;  55;  w.  sch. 
Lawrence,  Edith  M.;  91,  92  ;  e,  * 
Laass,  Mr. 

Leary,  Mary;  90-92;  o,  * 
Leonard,  Henrietta  S. :  62-63;  h;  Mrs. 

Theron  Smith ;  died,  83-84. 
Leonard,  Fanny  L.;  63-74  ;  h  ;  Mrs. 

James  H.  Baldwin;  Cayuga. 
Leonard,  Charlotte  A. ;  70-75;  Mrs. 

Win.  M.  Holoway,  Oakland,  Cal. 
Levi,  Etta;  88-92;  p,  * 
Levy,  Julia;  86-92;  o,  * 
Levy,  Clara;  88-92;  s,  * 
Lewis,  Mary:  71-73;  bb. 
Lewis,  George  A.;  88-92;  a,  *  t 
Lewis,  Delia  A. ;  76;  q. 
Lewis,  Mrs.  Anna  E. ;  54-55;  u. 
Leyden,  Hester  A. ;  64-92;  h,  o,  1,  * 
Leyden,  Eliza  J. ;    56-75;  a,  s,  o.  *; 

High  school,  Newark,  N.  J. 
Leyden,  Barbara  M.;  69-86;  a,  1,  m, 

Mrs.  Turner,  Syr. 
Leyden,  Lulu  F.;  74-90;  x;  Syr. 
Lincoln,  Samantha;   64-92;  1,  o,  *  t; 

Prin. 

Lincoln,  Mamie;  91,  92;  k,  g,  * 
Loomis,  Frank  A.;  55-56;  d;  dec. 
Loomis,  Yetta  R.;  75-78;  1,  m,  s;  Mrs. 

Harris,  Syr. 

Loomis,  Hattie;  66,  67;  o,  q. 
Loomis,  Miss  M.  A.  C. ;  53,  54;  u. 
Loomis,  Henrietta;  54,  55. 
Losacker,  Mary;  72-92;  e,  1,  * 
Losey,  Daniel;  54-59;  c,  several  years 

in  w.  sch.,  t 


282 


HISTORY    OF   THE    SCHOOLS    OF    SYRACUSE 


Lounsbury;  R.  Angie  ;  61-75,  78-81 ; 

c,  p,  k,  x;  Willowdale,  N.  Y. 
Lounsbury,  Carrie  E. ;  58-73;  f;  Mrs. 

L.  A.  Pen  well,  Cal; 
Lounsbury,  Mary;  65-92;  f,  *  t;  prin. 
Lowe,  Bessie  ;   74-90  ;  A;  Mrs.  Ros- 

enthal,  San  Francisco. 
Luther,  Emma  A.;   54-58,  68-71,  7E- 

82;  c,  d,  f ,  h,  i,  1;  W.  Virginia. 
Lusk,  Celia  E.;   56-59;  c,l;  Mrs.  T. 

L.  R.  Morgan.  Syr.  . 

Lyman,    Frederick   A. ;    88-92  ;    *  ; 

music,  Syr. 

Lynch,  Aggie  L.;  70-71;  c;  dec. 
Lynch,  Bridget  A.;  91-92;  b,  * 
Lyons,  Theresa  F. ;   77-82;  m;  Mrs. 

Tobin,  Syr. 

Mack,  Anna  L.;  88-92;  t,  * 
Mackay,  Anna  L.;  91,  92:  o,  * 
Mackay,  Libbie. 

McAllister,  Lilian;  81-89;  y;  married 
McCombs,  Clara  A. ;  48,  50;  c. 
McCann,  M.  Agnes;  75-92;  c,  * 
McCarthy,    Margaret  ;     68-74;    d  ; 

Syr. 
McCarthy,  Anna;  71-78;  b;  Mrs.  Jno. 

Town,  Utica,  N.  Y. 
McCarthy,  Percy;    73-76  ;   b ;   Mrs. 

Dissell;  widow;  Syr. 
McDonald,  Josephine  (McKevette) ; 

77-92;  A,* 
McDonald,  Mary  ;   86-90 ;  n  ;  Mrs. 

Kerwin,  Syr. 
McDonald,  Julia  E. ;  77. 
McGonegal,  Mr.;49;k. 
McGowan,  Mary  E.;  89-92;  u,  * 
McKaig,  Libbie;  v. 
McKeon,  Agnes  A.;  71-92;  d,  f,  * 


McKeon,  Julia  E. :  69-78  ;  d,  f  ;  Mrs. 
<  has.  .MrDoiioutfli,  Syr. 

McKevite,  Kate;  70-78;  dec.,  78. 

McKevite,  Mary  A.;  68-92;  o,  * 

McChesney,  GeOrgiana  ;   89-90  ;    q  ; 
Mrs.  Eastwood,  Syr. 

McMahon,  Anna;  89-92;  n,  * 

Mallyn,  Mary ;  74-92 ;  bb,  * 

Manahan,  Sarah  J.;  65-80;  b,  d,  f ; 
dec. 

Manning,  Kate  ;  77,  78;  bb. 

Manchester,  Frankie ;  81-90 ;  s;  mar- 
ried. 

Mara,  Anna  D.;  90-92 ;  s,  * 

Markham,  Lilian;  81-89;  x,  y. 

Martin,  Delia  A.;  82-92 ;  s,  * 

Marlette,  Jennie;  61-71;  h,  a,  o;  Mrs. 
Taft,  Bennington,  Vt. 

Martin,  Josie  A.;  78-92  ;  A,  q,  * 

Marsh,  Kate  M  ;  57-63, 65-72 ;  k  ;  Mrs. 
Kenyon,  Syr. 

Martin,  Hattie  M.;   82-89:   s;  Mrs. 
James  Cromwell,  New  York. 

Marshall,  Mrs.  Belle  (Carter);  71-73; 
b,  p,  q;  Chicago. 

Mathewson,  Ella;  71. 

May,  Charlotte ;  51-53. 

McKelvey,  Miss ;  71. 

Meacham,  Cleantha ;   i,  1;    Meridi- 
an, N.  Y. 

Mead,  Frank  L.;  92;  s,  * 

Mead,  Anna ;  54. 

Mead,  Avis;  62-64 ;  d  ;  Mrs.  Matthew 
Van  Waganen. 

Merrick.  Chloe  E.;  54-56,  60-62,  h,  1 ; 
Mrs.  Gov.  Reed,  Florida. 

Merrick,    Kate   I.;    82-86;   s;    New 
York. 

Merrick,  Emma  M.;  73-92;  p,* 


ALPHABETICAL    LIST    OF   TEACHERS 


283 


Merrick,    Libbie  F.;    75-76;  p;  Mrs. 

Jacoby,  Syr. 

Metzger,  Lizzie;  88-92;  s,  * 
Merriam,  AnnaC.;  59-60;  p. 
Miller,  Georgiette;  53. 
Miller,  G.  M.;  50-52;  \v.  sch. 
Miller,  May;  82-86!  1,  m;  Mrs.  David 

Taggart,  Syr. 
Miller,  Geo.  A.;   55,^57,  76-81  ;    w. 

sch. 
Miller,  Mrs.  Geo.  A.;  55-57,  71-81:  h, 

1,  m;  dec. 

Minton,  Nellie;  70,  71;  bb. 
Mills,  Carrie  B.;  87-92;  n,* 
Montague,  Louise ;  60-66  ;  b,  d ;  Mrs. 

Robinson,  Syr. 

Moriarity,  Anna  C.;  79-92;  b,  c.  * 
Morehouse,  Maria;  70,  72-92;  d,  f;  * 
Morehouse,  Mrs.  Wallace;  64;  1 ;  dec. 
Morgan,  Elizabeth  F.;  50-54;  h,  1. 
Morgan,  Mary.;  62-63. 
Moore,  Margaret ;  53,  59-69,  74-92 ;  h, 

i,  P,  * 

Moore,  Ellen;  72-92;  h,  i.  * 
Morrissey,  Agnes  B.;  83-92;  s,  m,  * 
Morris,  Carrie  L.;  54-63;  p,q,  s;  Mrs. 

Penning,  California. 
Morris,  Laura ;  57-62 ;  o. 
Morris,  Mary  F.;  83-92 ;  p,  q.  * 
Monroe,  Weed  H.;  75-78;  w.  sch. 
Morse,  Amelia  A. ;  90-92;  u,  * 
Moulton,  Sophia  M. ;  68-69. 
Morse,  May;  83-85;  x. 
Moulton,  Ann;  68;  h;  died  70. 
Moss,  Carrie;  83-85;  q. 
Moss,  Louise  P.;  55-60;  p,  q. 
Monroe,  Julia  A.;  91,  92;  y,  * 
Mulhern,  Mary;  87-92;  b,  * 
Munger,  Mary  C.;  60;  p. 


Munger,  Emma  H. ;  72-76;  s;  Brook- 
lyn, N.  Y. 

Munger,  Mrs.  Clarissa;  74-85;  p;  Mrs. 
Barker,  Buffalo,  N.  Y. 

Murphy,  Kittie;  67-69. 

Murphy,  Mary  S.;  69-92;  1,  m,  * 

Murray,  Mary;  72-86;  d;  Mrs.  O'Don- 
ovan,  Syr. 

Murray,  Sarah  I. ;  82-92;  d,  * 

Murray.  Mary;  80-82;  bb. 

Murray,  Julia  R. ;  86-92;  d,  * 

Murray,  Katherine;  85-92;  f,  g,  * 

Murray,  Ella  A.;  85-92:  g,  * 

Nearing,  Miss;  58;  w. 

Newman,  W.  W.;  47,  48;  p,  u,  t;  So. 
Onondaga,  N.  Y. 

Newman,  Mrs.  W.  W.;  48;  p,  t;  So. 
Onondaga,  N.  Y. 

Newman,  Rachel ;  Mrs.  Peck,  Caze- 
novia,  N.  Y. 

Nichols,  Catharine  A. ;  70 :  m  ;  dec. 

Nicholson,  Mary  E. ;  70-85;  c,o;  Mrs. 
Wheeler,  widow,  Syr. 

Nicholson,  Anna  J.;  77-86;  c,  s;  Mrs. 
Charles  Skiff ;  Salina. 

Noble,  Fanny. 

Noxon,  Margaret ;  59 ;  p ;  Milwau- 
kee, Wis. 

Noxon,  M.  Elizabeth ;  70-71 ;  h. 

Noxon,  Fanny  L;  72-86;  h;  Mrs. 
Charles  Hudson,  Syr. 

Northrup,  Addie ;  71,  72 :  w. 

Northrup,  Mary  C.;  86-92 ;  x,  * 

Ogle,  Anna;  65-67 ;  d;  Mrs.  M.  V.  B. 

Hart. 
Olcutt,  Mrs.  Mary  A.  (Morwick);  60- 

67;  k,  q;  Syr. 
Olds,  Emma  J.;  69-71;  c,  o;  Erie,  Pa. 


284 


HISTORY   OF   THE   SCHOOLS   OF   SYRACUSE 


O'Brien,  Mary;  89-92;  p,  * 
O'Dwyre,  Mary  T.;  78-92;  m,  n,  * 
O'Donnell,  Mary  G.;  91-92;  f.  g,  * 
O'Keefe,  Mary;  70-76;  bb. 
Otis,  Josephine;  62-65;  d,  1,  q,  s;  Mrs. 

Henry  Rowling,  Syr. 
Overacker,  Minnie  E.;  85-92;  a,  * 
Owen,   Nancy  ;    57-62  ;    d,  e  ;  mar- 
ried. 
Owen,  Margaret;  62;  c. 

Packard,  Mrs.  Jennie ;   71-76;  m,  s; 

Denver,  Colo. 
Packard,  Nellie  F.;  77-81;  c,  s;  Mrs. 

Woodhull,  Syr. 

Pain,  Susan  A.;  77-81;  o;  Mrs.  Rob- 
ert S.  Thompson,  Montreal. 
Palmer,  Helen  A.;  48-49;  f. 
Parish,  Mrs.  MariaXBurk) ;   57-92;  d, 

1,  p,  q,  aa,  * 
Parker,  Mrs.  Libbie  (Van  Wagoner); 

64-73,  83-87;    b,  p,  1,  s;  now  Mrs. 

Abbott,  Syr. 
Pattison,  M.  Louise;  68-78,90-92;  a. 

P,  q,  * 

Perkins,  Ella  M.;  69,  70;  m;  dec. 
Perry,  Mrs.  M.  J.  (Hopkins);  57-82;  a, 

b,  p;  died,  83. 
Perry,  Mary  A.;  68-70;  c. 
Pitkin,  Carrie    I.;  &S-86;    a;    Mrs. 

McDowell,  Elmira,  N.  Y. 
Pierce,  Kate  J.;   63;  d;   Brooklyn, 

N.  Y. 
Pierce,  Mrs.  Maria  L.  (Isham);  52, 53, 

67-75;  c,  o;  died,  85,  Watertown, 

N.  Y. 

Pierson,  Miss;  71. 
Pharis,  Alice  E.;  88-92;  u,  * 
Pharis,  Mary;  55;  u. 


Phelps,  Abbey  L.;   56-57;  p,  m,  d; 

Mrs.  Titus  Morun,  widow,  died, 

72. 
Phelps,  Julia  E.;  71-75;  78,79;  b,  x; 

married. 

Phelps,  Mrs.;  75,  76;  u;  Homer,  N.Y. 
Phillips,  Laura  M.;  70-74;  c,  o;  Mrs. 

Barber,  Syr. 

Phillips,  Rachel  C.;  75,  70;  1;  Canada. 
Phillips,  Sarah  R.;  64-77;  1,  m;  Mrs. 

Homer  Butts,  Elbrid.uv. 
Plaisted,  Flora. 
Plumb,  Helen  A.;  72-74;  s;  Mrs.  G. 

L.  Bonta,  dec. 
Poole,  Katie  B.;   57-64,  66-86,  91-92; 

h,  1,  nn,  *;  Mrs.  Baldwin,  widow 
Pomeroy,  Harriet;  49;  1. 
Porter,  Jane;  53-55;  d,  h;  Mrs.  Geo. 

Robinson,  Milwaukee. 
Porter,  Dr.  W.  W.;  52-53;  u;  dec. 
Post,  Helen  M.;  78-90;  e. 
Post,  Clara  II.;  89-92;  p,  * 
Powers,  Ida  L.;  73,  78-86;  b,  c;  Mrs. 

Frank  Waite,  Syr. 
Powers,  Nora;  87-92;  j,  * 
Pratt,  S.  Maria;  59-92;  c,  d,  h,  * 
Pratt,  Anna  S.;  59-61;  d,  p. 
Pratt.  Orpha  J.;  65-67;  aa;  Kansas; 
Prescott,  MissK.  E.;  44;  u. 
Prendergast,  Mary  F.;  78-92;  o,  p,  * 
Prudhon,  Lydia;  87-89;  j, 
Pruyn,   Rosetta;  51;   u;  Mrs.  Glass, 

Chattanooga. 

Quigley,  Julia  E.;  77-92;  1,  m,* 

Rae,MayL.;  82-92;  h,  * 
Randall,   Nellie  L.;   83-86;   s;   Mrs. 
Lighton,  Syr. 


ALPHABETICAL    LIST   OF   TEACHERS 


285 


Rautenburgh.  Emma;  82-89;  e;   Mrs. 

Autumn.  DCS  Moiiies.  Iowa. 
Raymond,  R.    R.;    53-5(5;    a;    New 

York. 

Raymond.  W.  W.;  64-05;  h. 
Rector,  Nellie  A.;  81-86;  m;  Syr. 
Redy,  Josephine  L.;  90-98;  t,  * 
Redhead,  Charlotte  ;  68-76  ;  f  ;  Mrs. 

Richards,  Syr. 

Reed,  Mrs.  Carrie  I.;  77-80;  p. 
Reese,  Emma  C.;  56-57  ;  p. 
Keigel,  Eliza  M.;   60-71;  d,   s;   Mrs. 

Bugger,  Missouri. 
Reigel,  Emma  L. ;  69-72. 
Reis,  Lydia;  90-92;  a,  * 
Rellis,  Nellie;  87-92 ;  j,  * 
Reynolds,  Mrs.  Mary  C.;  72-79;   q,  s; 

\V.  Superior. 

Reynolds,  Bertha  M.;  70  ;  q  ;    Chica- 
go, 111. 

Reynolds,  G.  D.;  49;  1. 
Reynolds,  Mrs.  G.  D.;  41-51. 
Reynolds,  Helen;  91-92;  bb. 
Rhoades,  Mary  P.;  75-78;  Brockport 

Normal  school. 
Rhoades,  Clara;  74-90;  1;  Mrs.  Oscar 

Austin,  Syr. 
Rice,  Helen  P.;  57;  f. 
Richardson,  Miss  A.  E.;  63-67  ;  h,  p  ; 

Mrs.  Tuttle   (Rev.),    Canastota, 

N.  Y. 
Richardson,  Mrs.  Josephine  S.;  58- 

61  ;  p. 

Richford,  Honora;  89-92;  b;  * 
Richardson,  W.  Lock  (Prof.);  72. 
Rill,  Blossom  E.;  91,  92;  t,  * 
Roach,  Miss  O.  C.;  63,  64;  f. 
Robacher,  Mrs.  Zillah  R.  (Clark);  68- 


Robbins,  M.  Anna;  79-86;  1,  m,  h  ; 
Mrs.  Willis  Malone,  Los  Angeles, 
Cal. 

Roberts,  Laura  A.;  44-49;  u. 

Robinson,  Charlotte;  54,  55:  1. 

Robinson,  Miss;  67;  w. 

Robinson,  Harriet  L.;  59-66;  d. 

Roberts,  Louisa  W.;  81-92;  x,  y,  * 

Roblin.  Ida  A.;  74-75;  1;  Mrs.  Har- 
dendorf,  dec. 

Rogers,  Margaret;  90-92;  f,  * 

Rogers,  Ella  P.;  78-89;  h,  c;  Syr. 

Rogers,  Lizzie  M.;  74-92;  f;  * 

Rollins,  Geo.  W.;  77-81;  a,  *;  Bos- 
ton. Mass. 

Rood,  Cora;  62-64 ;  c, 

Rose,  Miss  C.  R.;  53-55. 

Rose,  Louisa  A.;  62-64;  aa;  Manlius. 

Rose,  Anna  C.;  53-55;  c. 

Rosenthal,  Belle;  85-92;  i,  * 

Rounds,  Fanny;  63-64;  d;  Mrs. 
Whitaker,  died,  Brooklyn, 

Roundy,  Charles  O.;  52-70;  a,  h,  f  ; 
died,  92,  Skaneateles. 

Roundy,  Mrs.  C.  O.;  59-63;  h ;  Skan- 
eateles, N.  Y. 

Russel,  Charles  F.;  77;  w.  sch. 

Russel,  Mrs.  Clara  A.;  68,  69 ;  1,  m. 

Ryan,  Nellie  ;  87-92  ;  w,  u,  * 

Ryan,  Esther  F. ;  82-92;  u,  * 

Ryan,  Margaret  T.;  83-92;  v,  * 

Ryan,  Mary  A.;  90-92;  t,  * 

Ryan,  Mrs.  Louisa  A.  (Gebhart);  83- 
92;  n,  * 

Ryan,  Nellie  J.;  90-92;  p,  * 

Ryan,  Kate  A.;  91,  92 ;  y,  * 

Ryan,  Emma;  91-92;  y,  * 

Ryan,  Joanna  C.;  67-,  w. 

Ryan,  Josephine  ;  t. 


286 


HISTORY    OF   THE    SCHOOLS    OF   SYRACUSE 


Salisbury,  A.  G.;  49-53,  58-63,  71  ;  a, 
p;  paymaster  in  the  army:  ward- 
en Auburn  prison;  died,  1874. 

Salisbury,  Mrs.  A.  G.;  49-53;  58-62  ; 
Syr. 

Salisbury,  Addie  M.;  86-89;  w. 

Salisbury,  Emma  L.;  58,  59;  m. 

Sales,  Mrs.  A.  G.;  59. 

Sampson,  Luvan  ;  64-73  ;  q,  s;  Spen- 
cer, Mass. 

Sanford,  Mrs.  Carrie  B.;  63-78  ;  d,  h, 
i;  died,  79. 

Sanderson,  Sarah  M.;  79-80;  Mrs. 
Warner,  Syr. 

Sawyer,  Carrie  E.;  88-92;  a.  * 

Sawyer,  George  F.;  73;  a. 

Sawyer,  Mrs.  Mary  E.;  73;  i. 

Saxe.  Louise  ;  83-89;  i ;  Mrs.  Bloom- 
ingdale,  Syr. 

Savage,  Joanna;  82-92;  i,  e  * 

Scanlon,  Ella;  77  ;  w  ;  died  before 
close  of  the  year. 

Schott,  Bertha;  89-92 ;  h,  * 

Scott,  William  H.;  87-92;  u,  *  t 

Scott,  Ella;  81-92;  x,  y,  * 

Schoener,  Cora;  86-92;  q,  * 

Scram,  Mr.;  46;  p. 

Seager,  Adelaide;  69-73;  q. 

Secor,  Mabel;  82-92;  u,  * 

Sends,  Delia  A.;  75-76;  q;  mar- 
ried. 

Shannon,  Margaret  F.;  81-86;  e  ; 
Mrs.  J.  Mahar,  Syr. 

Shaw,  Flora;  89-91;  p;  died,  91. 

Shaw,  Anna  E.;  65;  o,  p;  married. 

Shaw,  Huldah  A.;  84-92;  q,  s,  * 

Shattuck,  M.  A.;  54-56;  d. 

Shattuck,  C.  S.;  54-55;  d. 

Sheldon,  Jennie;  88-92;  x,  * 


Sherman,  Sylvia  E.;  6066;  h,  i; 
Mrs.  Ball,  Cicero. 

Sherwood,  Florence;  87  ;  d  ;  Mrs. 
Charles  Folsom,  Boston,  Mass. 

Shevelson,  Carrie  I.;  81-88  ;  a  ;  mar- 
ried. 

Shevelson,  Rachel:  s'MB  a,  * 

Shew,  Marilda;  53;  f. 

Shoudy,  Miss;  69  ;  w,  *  ;  Mrs.  Trow- 
bridge,  East  Syracuse. 

Shove,  Harriet,  51-52;  f. 

Shular,  Mary  J.;  60-65  ;  b,  c,  d;  Mrs. 
Porter  Searles,  Marcellus. 

Shular,  Eliza  M. ;  65-70;  b  ;  married. 

Slade,  Ellen  M.;  58;  u. 

feibson,  Pearl;  85-89  ;  m  ;  Mrs.  W.  I-:. 
Wood,  Syr. 

Sisson,  EllaG.;  87-96;  v. 

Sisson,  Alice  M.;  73-88;  u;  Mrs.  Jacob- 
son,  Camden,  N.  Y. 

Silberman,  Mary  ;  69-76  ;  p  ;  Mrs. 
Sugarman,  in  the  west. 

Silliman,  Willard  S.;  57,  u. 

Sitterly,  Alice  M.;  74-82;  n;  died,  82. 

Siefker,  Tilly;  81-92;  e;  Mrs.  Dr. 
Wm.  May,  Syr. 

Siefker,  Lutie  M.;  85-89;  e;  Mrs. 
Charles  Behm,  Syr. 

Siefker,  Emma  D.;  78-86;  e;  Mrs. 
Frank  Allewelt,  Syr. 

Simons,  Lucy  A.;  52-56;  p;  Mrs.  Wil- 
liams, Syr. 

Simmons,  Anna  E.;  59-65;  h. 

Skiff,  Clara  I.;  89-92;  e,  * 

Slattery,  Frankie  E.;  83-92 ;  aa, 
m,  * 

Slade,  Ellen  M.;  58-63;  q,  * 

Sloan,  Nellie  V.;  84-87;  u,  1,  aa,  *; 
Mrs.  F.  Wilbur  Barker. 


ALPHABETICAL   LIST    OF   TEA  GHEES 


28? 


Sloan,  Harriet;  50;  Mrs.  Ilutchinson 
died;  53. 

Slocum,  Sarah  E.;  54-62;  p,  1;  sister 
of  Gen.  Slocum,  dec. 

Slocum,  Kate  O.;  66-71 ;  1;  Mrs.  But- 
ler, Oswego,  N.  Y. 

Slocum,  Mercie;  54-63;  i,  p;  Mrs. 
Boon,  Oakland,  Cal. 

Smith,  Edward;  48-65,  89-92;  b,  c,  d, 
h,  *,  t. 

Smith,  Mrs.  E.;  50;  b;  dec. 

Smith,  Minnie  ;  60,  61,  83-84;  x. 

Smith,  Eva  L.;  68-71;  b;  Mrs.  Eugene 
B.  Squire,  died  76. 

Smith,  Mary  A.;  82-92;  f,  * 

Smith,  Carrie  S.;  70-73;  i;  Mrs.  Wil- 
liam Reid,  Syr. 

Smith,  Mrs.  M.  W.  (Terheun)  61-66; 
b,p. 

Smith,  Martha  E.;  78-81;  s;  Mrs. 
Thomas  Dalton,  Syr. 

Smith,  Louise;  78-89;  o,m;  Cor.  Univ. 

Smith,  Kate;  86-89;  s,  aa;  Syr. 

Smith,  Augusta ;  91-92:  s,  * 

Snelle,  Louise  ;  89-92;  r,  * 

Snyder,  Margaret ;  82-84;  o. 

Soldan,  Rev.  Charles;  69-71;  a;  dec. 

Soloman,  Rachel ;  91-92;  x,  * 

Sprole,  Libbie  C.;  81-88;  o;  Mrs. 
Earnest  Smith;  dec. 

Sprole,  Mary;  78-92;  d,  * 

Sprole,  FannyS.;  88-92;  e,  * 

Stafford,  Mrs.  Margaret;  59-70;  o,q., 
Dakota. 

Stafford,  Sarah  F.;  68-69;  q.;  Mrs. 
James  Weismore. 

Stacy,  John;  53;  c;  died  83. 

Stacy,  Margaret;  72-79;  c;  Mrs.  Chap- 
man, dec. 


Stanley,  Mary;  89-90;  e,  * 
Stanton,  Mary  H.;  74-92;  i,  * 
Stanton,  Margaret  E.;  57-61;  d,  h,  i, 

now  Dr.  Stanton,  Syr. 
Stanton,  Nehemiah;  45-48;  f,  u;  New 

York  City. 
Stanton,  Mrs.  N.   P.;  46-48;  f;  New 

York  City. 

Stanton,  Cordelia;  46;  u, 
Stanton,  Ella  C.;   75-84;   h,  i;   Mrs. 

Henry  Phillips,  Syr. 
Stearns,  Allein  M. ;  69;  h. 
Steigor,  Bertha;  90-92;  i,  * 
Stetson,  R.  R.;  49-51;  h;  died,  51. 
Stetson,  Mrs.  Ellen  R.  R.;  49-51,57; 

f ,  h,  * 

Steele,  James;  73-75;  w.  sch. 
Stevens,  S.  Elizabeth;  56-60;  p. 
Stevens,  Frances  M. ;  63-64;  p;  dec. 
Stevens,  Elizabeth  J.;   56,  57;   Mrs. 

Jed  Barber. 
Stevens,  Mary  F.;   62,  68-70;    h,  p; 

Mrs.  Hasbrook,  Syr. 
Stevens,  Florence    M.;    64-66;   b,  c; 

Mrs.  Young,  Green  Point. 
Stevens,  Carrie  L;  75,  81-90;  i;  mar- 
ried, Cincinnati. 
Stevens,  Mary  E.;  73-74;  i. 
Stewart,  Bessie;  64. 
Stilwell,Anna  M  ;  58-63;  p;  Carried. 
Stilwell,  Giles  H.;  87;  u. 
Stone,  Mary;  69,  70;  p. 
Stone,  Harriet  D.;    68-69;    p;    Mrs. 

Watkins,  Syr. 
Strause,  Simon;  61-64;  d,  o;  teacher 

of  German 
Strause,  Sophia;  72-74;  f ;  Rochester, 

N.  Y. 
Strong,  Harriet  F.;  89-92;  1,  * 


288 


HISTORY    OF   THE    SCHOOLS    OF    SYRACUSE 


Street,  Anna  A.;  09-7'0;  c,  d. 
Sullivan,  Minnie  r.:  S7-!tt;p. 
Sullivan.  Lizzie;  81-86;  e;  dec. 
Sullivan,  Mary  L.;  78-81;  f.;  dec. 
Sullivan,  Mary  A.;  78-86;  d;  Mrs.Dr. 

Fry,  Syr. 

Summerbill,  L.  S.;  72-73;  p. 
Sutton,  Sadie;  91,  92;  y,  * 
swan,  Ellen  O.;  58-64. 
Swain,  Clementena;  61-63;  k. 
Swanger,  Maria  M.;  68-70;  a. 
Sweeney,  Ellen  M.;  77-79;  bb. 
Sykes,  Mary  E.;   69-86  ;   h,  k,  1,  s  ; 

Syr. 

Talbott,  Elias;  59 ;  u. 

Tallman,  Kate  E.;  60,  61;   p;  Mrs. 

Baker,  Syr. 
Taylor,  G.  N.;  49;  b. 
Taylor,  Joseph  W.;  73-76;  1;  in  busi- 
ness, Syr. 

Taylor,  Mrs.  J.  W.;  74-75;  a. 
Terry,  Frank;  51,  53;  s. 
Terry,  Ida  B.;  66-73;  e,  o. 
Terry,   Grace   E.;    70-74  ;    1  ;    Mrs. 

Avery,  Faimount,  Syr. 
Terry,   Libbie  ;    66-81  ;    d,  p  ;  Mrs. 

Gage,  Mich. 

Terwilliger,  Sarah;  65-92;  1,  n,  *:  Pr. 
Thomas,  Mary  Jane;  52;  h. 
Thomas,  Mrs.  L.  E.;  69-92;  x,  y,  *,  t; 

Prin. 
Thompson,  Mrs.  Sarah  M.;  72-92;  g, 

k,  u,  w,  * 

Thompson,  Ella  B.;  84-89;  x,  * 
Thompson,  H.  A.;  81;  x. 
Thurber,  Samuel ;   72-78 ;   a  ;  Girls' 

High  school;  Boston. 
Thurston,  Millie  M.;  85-89;  u. 


Tiffany,  Ellen;  60.  61;  e;  Mrs.  Brock- 
way. 

Titus.  Oscar  W.;  12  ;  u. 

Titus,  Ellen  ;  .">!»:  u. 

Tomlinson,  Nettie  A.;  84-92;  t. 

Town,  Agnes  M.;  81-92;  u,  * 

Town,  Alices.;  78-92;  s.  * 

Town,  Margaret  A.;  65-77;  f,  k,  1; 
Mrs.  Hart,  Chicago. 

Townsend,  Maria  M.;  65-74;  i. 

Traugot,  Minnie;  89-92;  e,  * 

Tripp,  Mary;  54;  u. 

Tubbert,  Agnes;  81-92;  b,  * 

Tucker,  Hattie  M.;  70,  75,  76  ;  o,  w; 
Mrs.  Coykendall,  Syr. 

Tufts,  Sarah  E.;  66,  67;  aa. 

Truair,  Mary;  66;  p,  q;  Mrs.  Dudley, 
Syr. 

Turner,  Aurora  H.;  50,  53-68;  b,  c,  q; 
Mrs.  Todd,  San  Diego,  Cal. 

Turner,  Ellen  C.;  52-56-63,65-76;  b, 
c,  1;  teacher  of  drawing.  Port- 
land, Oregon. 

Usenbents,  Agnes;   75-79;    b;    Mrs. 

Wilson  R.  Hare,  Syr. 
I'scnbeutz,  Belle;  79-92;  b,  * 
Underwood,  Sarah  J.;   74-76,  79-80; 

1,  m,  s;  Syr. 

Van  Antwerp,  Mary  A.  (Roney);  70- 
92;  m,*;  Prin. 

Van  Brooklyn,  William;  49-50;  p;  far- 
mer, Pompey,  N.  Y. 

Vandenborfr,  Jane;  48-56;  h. 

Vandenburg,  Sarah;  55-58;  h,  p;  mar- 
ried and  moved  west. 

Van Frankan,  Miss;  78;  w;  Mrs.  Fred 
Thompson,  Auburn,  N.  Y. 


ALPHABETICAL    LIST    OF   TEACHERS 


289 


Van  Hoi'scn.  Fanny  L.;  82-86;  1,  m; 
Mrs.  Geo.  Titsworth,  Plainfield, 
N.Y. 

Van  Hoesen,  Frances  L.;  82-86 ;  m,  q; 
Mrs.  Arthur  Titsworth,  Plain- 
field,  N.  Y. 

Van  Keuren,  Mary ;  85-90;  x;  mar- 
ried. 

Van  Tassel,  Alice ;  64-69;  b,  d;  mar- 
ried; resides  in  Denver. 

Van  Tassel,  Eliza;  57-67;  b,  d;  dec. 

Van  Waganen,  Rhoda  ;  66,  68-72;  f, 
h;  Mrs.  Starin,  Syr. 

Van  Waganen,  Miss;  69-70. 

Van  Wagner,  Ellen;  55,  56;  h. 

Vischer,  Mary  A.;  65-69;  q;  married. 

Vrooman,  Miss  N.  M.;  44;  u. 

Wadsworth,  Julia  S.;  68-71;  a. 

Wagner,  Ella;  55,  56;  i. 

Wall,  Mary  E. ;  80-92;  u,  * 

Wall,  Anna  A.;  81;  g;  Mrs.  Charles 
Burke,  Brooklyn.  N.  Y. 

Wall,  M.  Emma;  74-92;  u,  * 

Wands,  Emily  E.;  68,  70-75;  c  ;  Mrs. 
Gregory;  dec. 

Walrod,  Virginia  E.;  58-59;  h. 

Walsh,  Anna  L. ;  80-92 ;  h,  i,  * 

Walsh,  Ellen;  76-77;  bb. 

Warne,  Adalaide  A.;  76-86;  e,  i:  Syr. 

Warner,  Adeline;  54-56;  d,  h. 

Warner,  Dora;  66-69;  c;  Mrs.  George 
Le  Roy,  Bradford,  Pa. 

Waters,  Alice  E.;  65-73;  k,  1,  m;  mar- 
ried; Pennsylvania. 

Watson,  Bruce  M.;  86-92;  a,  1,  *  prin. 

Weaver,  Jennie;  58,  a. 

Weaver,  Martha;  52-54;  h. 

Weigel,  Libbie;  78-92;  d,  * 


Weiskotten,  Amelia;  76-92;  a,  e,  1,  t 
\\Yiskotten.  Louisa  M.;  79-92;  d,  e,* 
Weiskotten,  F.  W.  (Rev.);  62-63;  d; 

Philadelphia.  Pa. 
Welch,   Emma   A.;    75-90;    o,  p,  1  ; 

died  in  90  in  her  work. 
Weld,  SarahS.;  58,59;  p. 
Wells,  Charles  R.;  79-92 ;  *  t;  writing; 

Syr. 

Wells,  Mary  E.;  69,  70;  o. 
Wells,    Laura   A.;  64,  65;    d;    Mrs. 

Chapman;  dec. 
Wescott,  Carrie  E.;  69-72;  s. 
Wescott,  Julia  E. ;    65-69,  72-74 ;  s  ; 

Mrs.  Cleveland. 
Wescott,  Mary  A.;  65-68;  1. 
Wescott,  Minnie  E.;  82-92;  A,  x,  * 
Whalen,  Abbey;  83-92;  s,  * 
Wheaton,  Myron  ;  51-58;  s;  member 

of  assembly,  Northfield,  Minn. 
Whelock,  Anna  A.;  57-65;  67-71  ;  b, 

p,  1 ;    Mrs.   Henry  A.  Maynard, 

Onondaga  Valley. 
Wheeler,  E.  M.;  66-71 ;  b  ;  killed  by 

an  accident,  92. 

Wheeler,  Nettie;  68-70;  f,  h;  dec. 
Wheelock,  Elijah  O.;  42;  u. 
White,  R.  Bruce;  69,  75-76,  77-88,  90- 

92  ;  b,  p,  1,  s;  f ;  in  business,  Syr. 
White,  Charles  E.;  87-92;  e,  *  t;  Pr. 
White,  Henrietta  B.:  40-45,  46-53,  73- 

74  ;    d,  f,  u  ;    Mrs.   Hewes,  50 ; 

Hoopstown,Ill. 
White,  Louisa;   51-53;   d;  married, 

west. 

White,  Sarah  L.;  52-54;  h,  p. 
White,  Jennie  E.;  78-92;  t,  w,  *  t 
White,  Mrs.  Jennie;    69-71,  85;   x; 

Mrs.  Dowd. 


290 


HISTORY    OF   THE    SCHOOLS    OF    SYRACUSE 


Whitford,  Mary  A.;  87-92;  a,  * 
Whitman,  Anna;    79-81;    married; 

Syr. 
Whitmore,  Mrs.  Helen  L.  (Adams) ; 

63-70 ;  aa,  b,  o,  p,  s. 
Wickes,  William  K.;    88-92;   a,  *  t ; 

prin. 

Wigent,  Caroline  M.;  68-71;  p. 
Wilbur,  Miss;  56;  u. 
Wightman,  Sophia  C.;   58-84;   1,  m; 

died  85. 

Wightman,  Josie;  80,  81;  x. 
Williams,  E.  E.;  48,  49;  p;  Mrs.W.  W. 

Newman,  S.  Onondaga. 
Williams,  Miss   E.;   48-49;   p;   Mrs. 

Blanchard,  Buffalo,  N.  Y. 
Williams,  Sarah  J. ;  49-67;  p. 
Williams,  Lucy  A.;  58-59;  d, 
Williams,  Emeline  A.;  68,  69;  p. 
Williams,  Eva  L.;  72,  73;  1;  Mrs.  John 

Barron. 

Williams,  Viola  A.;  68;  aa. 
Williams,  Ellen;  73-81;  a. 
Williams,  Kittie;  86-92;  d,  * 
Wilson,  John  D.;  80-92;  p,  *;  prin. 
Wilson,  Celestia;  52-;  u. 
Wilson,  DeEtte  D.  (Spear);  65-89;  h, 

k,  p;  Mrs.  Scott,  Syr. 
Wilson,  Galen;  51;  b. 


Winohell,  James  M.;  48, 50;  s,  u;  dec. 

Wilkinson,  Sarah  T.;  49-54;  p  ;  dec., 

92,  Skaneateles,  N.  Y. 
Willey,  Josephine  L.;  73-92;  t,  u,  v,  * 

Willey,  Sarah  E.;  75-85;  u. 

Wood,  M.  Adele  ;   56-79  ;  h,  o,  p,  q; 
Mrs.  Rev.  G.  W.  Miller. 

Wood,  Issie  ;    73-76  ;    f  ;    Mrs.  G.  A. 
Winnegar;  Brooklyn,  N.  Y. 

Wood,  Josie;  75-76. 

Wood,  Alice  M.;  77-84  ;  h  ;  Mrs.  Ho- 
ratio Baumgras;  Syr. 

Woods,  Agnes;  91,  92;  b,  * 

Woodcock,  Margaret;  88,  89;  g;  Mrs. 
Godkin,  Syr. 

Wolz,  Mary  E.;  83-92;  1,  t,  * 

Wright,  Ada  A. ;  81-92;  a,  * 

Wright,  E.  Louise;  74-78-92;  c.  * 

Wright,  Sarah;  54;  a. 

Wright,  J.  O.;  54,  55;  u. 

Wright,  Sarah  E.;  78  a. 

Wygent,  Caroline  M. ;  68;  p. 

Wyard,  Hiram;  49;  1;  dec. 

Wynkoop,  Anna  E. ;  82-92;  p,  * 

Young,  Sophie  E. ;  64-76,  81-83.  87-92; 

f,  h,  i,  * 
Yehling,    Caroline;   64-71  ;   d;   Mrs. 

Philip  Goettle,  Syr. 


BIOGRAPHICAL  SKETCHES 


ALBERT  GLEASON  SALISBURY 

was  born  in  August,  1813,  at  Seneca  Castle,  Ontario 
county,  N.  Y.  He  was  educated  at  Whitesboro  and 
Pompey  academies.  His  first  teaching  probably  was  at 
a  small  district  school  in  the  town  of  Fabius.  After- 
wards, probably  1838-9,  he  opened  a  select  school  in  the 
session  room  of  the  First  Presbyterian  church,  then 
located  on  ground  now  occupied  by  McCarthy's  dry 
goods  store.  For  two  weeks  he  remained  in  the  faith- 
ful discharge  of  duties  with  only  one  pupil.  After  that 
discouraging  beginning  his  prospects  brightened  and 
other  pupils  filled  the  room.  He  also  taught  in  Lodi 
in  a  small  building  on  East  Genesee  street,  on  the  ground 
where  the  late  Wads  worth  Clark's  house  now  stands. 
While  he  was  engaged  as  teacher  in  this  vicinity, 
a  new  building,  containing  one  room,  was  being  erected 
on  the  ground  where  the  old  Putnam  building  now 
stands.  There  were  two  entrances  with  a  small  ante- 
room between.  This  was  considered  an  ornament  to  the 
small  village.  Mr.  Salisbury  whose  reputation  had  been 
made  by  his  successes  in  the  preceding  schools,  was  solic- 
ited to  become  the  principal  and  with  two  assistants, 

(291) 


292  HISTORY    OF   THE    SCHOOLS    OF   SYRACUSE 

Miss  Mary  Bradley  and  Miss  Sarah  Tall  man,  who  after- 
ward became  Mrs.  Salisbury,  he  opened  the  school  in 
the  autumn  of  1840.  Miss  Tall  man  was  obliged  to  hear 
classes  in  the  little  ante-room  before  mentioned.  Mr. 
Salisbury  and  Miss  Tallman  were  married  in  October, 
1842,  and  both  continued  teaching. 

Mr.  Salisbury  remained  in  this  school  till  about  1842 
or  '43  when  a  successful  effort  was  made  for  the  enlarge- 
ment of  No.  7.  While  this  was  in  progress  he  taught  a 
select  school  over  where  Grant  &  Dunn's  hardware 
store  is  now  located,  and  afterward  in  the  session  room 
of  the  Old  Congregational  church.  When  the  enlarged 
No.  7  was  finished,  Mr.  Salisbury  again  became  its 
principal  where  he  remained  until  the  three  villages, 
Salina,  Syracuse  and  Lodi,  were  chartered  as  the  City 
of  Syracuse. 

At  the  organization  of  the  Board  of  Education,  Mr. 
Salisbury  was  elected  the  first  clerk  and  secured  for  the 
new  school  system  a  good  beginning.  This  work  did 
not  seem  congenial  to  him  and  he  resigned  his  position 
in  February,  1850,  to  resume  the  principalship  of  No.  7. 
In  June,  1850,  He  was  re-elected  clerk  and  continued 
in  that  position  till  May,  1851,  when  he  again  resigned 
and  was  again  appointed  principal  of  No.  7.  He  re- 
mained in  this  position  till  1854,  when  he  left  and 
opened  a  private  school  in  the  Myers  Block  which  was 
furnished  with  the  best  appliances  known  at  that  time, 
and  his  school  became  very  popular.  He  continued  in 


BIOGRAPHICAL   SKETCHES  293 

this  enterprise  till  September,  1857,  when  he  became 
principal  of  No.  7  and  remained  till  he  was  appointed 
paymaster  in  the  army,  18G4.  He  continued  in  that 
office  till  18G7.  He  was  soon  after  appointed  warden 
of  the  Auburn  prison,  where  he  remained  something 
over  a  year.  At  the  resignation  of  Mr.  Roundy  from 
the  principalship  of  the  Syracuse  High  school  in  the 
spring  of  1871,  Mr.  Salisbury,  at  the  earnest  solicitation 
of  the  Board  of  Education,  consented  to  fill  the  position 
till  the  close  of  that  school  year,  which  he  did  to  the 
entire  satisfaction  of  all  interested.  This  ended  his 
work  as  an  educator.  He  died  in  1874. 


E.  A.  SHELDON,  A.M.,  PH.D. 

was  born  at  Perry  Centre,  N.  Y.,  in  1823,  and  received 
his  early  education  from  home  training  on  the  farm  and 
among  the  scenes  of  country  and  farm  life,  attending 
the  common  schools  of  that  day.  At  the  age  of  seven- 
teen he  attended  a  private  school  where  the  first  impulse 
for  real  and  progressive  advancement  was  received.  He 
entered  Hamilton  College  at  twenty-one  years  of  age 
but  was  obliged  to  leave  at  the  close  of  the  junior  year 
because  of  failing  health.  He  went  to  Oswego  and 
started  in  business  which  was  not  successful,  but  while 
thus  engaged,  the  condition  of  the  poor  and  ignorant 
caused  him,  with  others,  to  form  an  Association,  for 
providing  a  home  for  orphans  and  a  free  school  for 


294          HISTORY   OF  THE   SCHOOLS   OF   SYRACUSE 

the  children  of  the  poor.  Mr.  Sheldon  was  induced  to 
become  its  teacher  in  the  winter  of  1848-49.  This 
was  the  beginning  of  the  free  graded  schools  and  of 
the  Oswego  Orphan  Asylum  of  Oswego. 

In  1849,  he  married  Miss  Frances  A.  B.  Stiles  who 
has  been  his  constant  supporter  through  all  his  life 
work.  In  1850  a  private  school  was  started  by  him  in 
the  old  United  States  Hotel  and  while  engaged  in  this 
he  applied  for  the  position  of  superintendent  of  public 
schools  of  Syracuse.  During  the  two  years  he  remained 
in  this  work  he  was  instrumental  in  consolidating  the 
district  school  libraries  into  the  present  Central  Library; 
published  the  first  annual  report  of  the  Board  of  Edu- 
cation; and  was  largely  instrumental  in  establishing  the 
High  school  of  this  city. 

He  returned  to  Oswego  in  1853  to  take  charge  of  the 
schools  of  that  city  as  clerk  of  the  Board  of  Education, 
and  while  organizing  them  he  established  arithmetic 
schools  for  boys  and  young  men  employed  on  the  lakes 
in  summer,  and  in  1859  established  an  unclassified 
school  for  those  unable  to  attend  regularly  throughout 
the  year. 

He  visited  Toronto  where  he  saw  the  collections  of 
appliances  used  abroad,  especially  in  the  London 
Home  and  Training  school.  Many  of  these  were 
secured  and  a  detailed  plan  for  their  use  and  introduc- 
tion into  the  course  of  study  was  devised. 

He  presented  his  plan  to  the  Board  of  Education  and 


BIOGRAPHICAL    SKETCHES  295 

asked   for   trained  teachers  to  carry  on  the   work   of 
object  teaching  put  before  them. 

They  consented  on  condition  that  it  should  be  with- 
out cost  to  the  city.  To  meet  the  expense  the  inter- 
ested teachers  gave  one-half  of  their  salaries  for  one 
year  to  this  object.  Not  only  the  people  of  Oswego, 
but  many  outside  were  opposed  to  the  project,  but  Mr. 
Sheldon  was  finally  vindicated  by  resolutions  passed  by 
a  committee  of  which  Prof.  Green  of  Brown  University, 
was  chairman  in  1865. 

Mr.  Sheldon  organized  a  Training  school  for  educat- 
ing teachers  in  1863,  which  was  afterward  adopted  by 
the  State  as  the  Oswego  Normal  and  Training  school. 

In  1869  he  resigned  the  superintendency  of  the  city 
schools  and  devoted  all  his  energies  to  the  Normal 
school.  Again  home  opposition  was  stirred  up  against 
him  in  1872,  which  with  his  other  arduous  labors  under- 
mined his  health  and  he  offered  his  resignation,  which 
was  not  accepted  but  he  was  relieved  from  his  duties 
and  his  salary  continued.  He  was  able  to  return  to  his 
work  in  1881.  In  this  year  the  Kindergarten  was  added 
to  the  course  of  study. 

It  is  now  nearly  forty  years  since  Mr.  Sheldon  left 
Syracuse  schools  and  yet  he  is  still  enthusiastic  and  pro- 
gressive, with  no  abatement  of  faith  or  of  hope  for  the 
future  in  progressive  educational  methods. 


29G  HISTORY    OF   THE    SCHOOLS    OF    SYRACUSE 

GEORGE  L.  FARNHAM 

was  born  in  Richfield,  Otsego  county,  N.  Y.,  in  1824  ; 
educated  in  the  common  schools  till  1840  when  he 
removed  to  Watertown  and  attended  the  Black  River 
academy.  After  teaching  part  of  the  year  (1846)  he 
went  to  the  Albany  State  Normal  school,  then  under 
the  charge  of  David  P.  Page  and  graduated  in  1847. 
He  came  to  Syracuse  in  1852,  taking  charge  of  Jeffer- 
son school  (No.  3).  In  1855  he  was  chosen  superintend- 
ent of  the  city  schools  and  continued  eight  years  in  that 
work.  After  a  short  time  he  was  called  to  superintend 
the  Binghamton  schools  and  remained  five  years  where 
he  remodeled  the  whole  system,  minding  buildings, 
course  of  study,  and  methods  of  teaching  :  introducing 
what  has  since  been  called  the  "  Sentence  Method " 
and  which  has  been  acknowledged  by  many  as  the  phil- 
osophical method.  From  there  he  went  to  Council 
Bluffs,  la.,  and  remained  three  years  and  then  to  Peru, 
Neb.,  to  take  charge  of  the  State  Normal  school  where 
he  has  been  nine  years. 

Mr.  Farnham  has  been  a  student  of  psychology,  phil- 
osophy and  professional  teaching.  He  regards  his  work 
in  this  city  as  the  inspiration  and  the  beginning  of  his 
educational  career,  which  has  been  remarkably  success- 
ful. 


CHARLES  EDWARD  STEVENS 

was  born  in  the  city  of  Buffalo,  on  the  20th  day  of 


BIOGRAPHICAL    SKETCHES  297 

May,  183G.  His  father,  Augustus  C.  Stevens,  was  of 
New  England  ancestry,  and  a  prominent  business  man; 
who  died  at  the  age  of  37  years.  His  mother,  Elizabeth 
Breese,  came  from  English  and  Dutch  stock  ;  his 
maternal  grandfather  was  an  officer  in  the  Revolution, 
and  a  near  relative  of  Professor  Samuel  Finley  Breese 
Morse.  Charles  Edward  is  the  youngest  son  and  his 
early  years  were  spent  at  his  grandfather's  homestead 
at  Sconondoa,  near  Oneida,  N.  Y.  He  attended  school 
at  Cazenovia  seminary,  and  afterwards  at  Fulton,  N.  Y., 
and  entered  upon  the  study  of  law  in  the  office  of  Gov- 
ernor William  M.  Fenton  of  Flint,  Mich.  Shortly 
after  being  admitted  to  the  bar  of  that  State  he  removed 
to  Syracuse  in  1857,  and  for  a  short  time  was  in  the 
office  of  Gen.  William  J.  Hough.  He  was  admitted  to 
practice  law  in  the  New  York  Courts,  and  was  for  many 
years  a  partner  of  Hon.  N.  F.  Graves  of  this  city.  Mr. 
Stevens  in  politics  has  always  been  a  Democrat  of  the 
most  steadfast  faith. 

In  1863,  at  the  time  when  party  spirit  ruled  high,  due 
largely  to  the  war  issues  prevailing  at  that  time,  the 
Board  of  Education  of  the  city  of  Syracuse  passed  under 
the  control  of  the  democratic  party — they  having  elected 
the  majority  of  the  school  commissioners;  it  was 
thought  and  claimed  by  them  that  they  were  in  duty 
bound  to  place  the  public  schools  under  the  charge  and 
direction  of  a  superintendent  who  was  a  Democrat  in 
politics.  Several  gentlemen  now  prominent  in  the 


298  HISTORY    OF   THE    SCHOOLS   OF   SYRACUSE 

affairs  of  the  city,  were  candidates  for  the  position,  and 
the  strife  for  the  office  became  so  warm  and  spirited 
that  after  balloting  many  times,  and  adjourning  from 
day  to  day,  it  became  apparent  that  a  compromise  can- 
didate must  be  brought  into  the  field  ;  and  at  the  urg- 
ent solicitation  of  the  leaders  of  the  party,  Mr.  Stevens, 
reluctantly  consented  to  the  use  of  his  name,  and  he 
was  elected  superintendent  of  the  public  schools  on  the 
.258th  ballot.  Mr.  Stevens  came  to  the  office  with  no 
experience  as  a  teacher,  and  with  but  limited  knowledge 
of  the  educational  work  required  in  the  public  schools, 
but  he  had  a  good  fund  of  common  sense  and  rare  tact  in 
acquiring  the  business  management  of  school  affairs. 
He  had  thp  good  sense  not  to  presume  to  lead  in  educa- 
tional work,  except  so  far  as  he  oppropriated  the  sug- 
gestions and  advice  of  the  best  teachers  in  the  employ 
of  the  Board. 

On  his  election  he  was  thoroughly  conservative,  and 
opposed  to  all  changes  in  the  corps  of  teachers  then  in 
the  schools,  believing  that  tried  and  experienced  talent, 
notwithstanding  the  question  of  politics,  would  serve 
the  schools  with  greater  fidelity  and  do  better  work  than 
others  of  less  experience  and  unacquainted  with  this 
particular  field.  To  a  large  extent  he  succeeded  in  his 
efforts  and  persuaded  the  Board  to  retain  largely  the 
old  corps  of  teachers. 

In  his  efforts  for  the  schools  he  was  ably  seconded  by 
members  of  the  Board  of  Education,  then  composed  of 


BIOGRAPHICAL    SKETCHES  299 

the  Rev.  Samuel  J.  May,  N.  B.  Smith  and  others,  and 
also  by  such  tried  teachers  as  the  late  Prof.  Charles  0. 
Roundy,  Ansel  E.  Kinne,  A.  G.  Salisbury,  Superin- 
tendent Smith,  Sarah  M.  Arnold,  Sylvia  J.  Eastman, 
Martha  S.  Clapp  and  in  fact  by  the  whole  body  of 
teachers  then  in  the  employ  of  the  Board.  During  the 
three  years  he  was  superintendent  of  the  public  schools 
they  suffered  no  detriment  in  his  hands,  but  made  good 
progress  under  his  management  and  direction. 

In  I860,  when  Mr.  Stevens  retired  from  office,  he 
received  from  the  teachers  a  beautiful  token  of  their 
regard  for  him,  and  he  had  the  honor  of  naming  his 
successor  in  office,  Mr.  Edward  Smith,  who  was  elected 
to  the  position  at  his  advice  and  solicitation. 

Mr.  Stevens  is  now  connected  with  the  law  firm  of 
Stevens  &  Butterfield,  of  this  city,  and  doing  a  fair 
business,  leading  a  quiet  and  unostentatious  life,  his 
only  ambition  being  to  fill  the  measure  of  good  citizen- 
ship in  this  community. 


DR.  JOHN  H.  FRENCH 

was  born  in  Batavia,  July  7,  1824.  His  father  was 
killed  when  he  was  quite  young.  Most  of  his  educa- 
tion was  obtained  from  the  common  schools,  by  attend- 
ing during  the  winter  and  working  in  summer. 

The  first  ten  cents  he  ever  earned  was  spent  for  a 
Webster's  spelling  book.     At  sixteen  he  spent  a  winter 


300  HISTORY    OF   THE    SCHOOLS    OF    SYRACUSE 

in  the  Gary  Collegiate  institute.  He  spent  one  or  two 
terms  in  the  Clarence  academy,  Erie  county,  and 
taught  his  first  school  when  he  was  seventeen  years  old. 
He  afterward  taught  in  Pembroke,,  Stafford,  and  Sen- 
eca Castle.  At  this  last  place,  at  the  age  of  twenty-one 
he  began  his  work  as  a  mathematician  and  an  author  by 
revising  Adams'  arithmetic.  He  taught  one  year  in 
Geneva  Lyceum,  one  year  in  Phelps  Union  school. 
From  there  he  went  to  Keene,  N.  H.,  and  completed 
his  revision  above  mentioned  under  the  supervision  of 
Mr.  Adams.  He  wrote  Adams's  mental  arithmetic, 
mensuration,  book-keeping.  These  were  entirely  his, 
but  formed  a  part  of  the  Adams  series. 

He  was  principal  of  the  High  school,  Clyde,  N.  Y., 
three  years,  and  three  years  principal  of  the  academy 
at  Newtown,  Ct.  He  published  twelve  town  and  city 
maps  from  actual  surveys  in  the  central  part  of  this 
State  and  in  connection  with  Robert  P.  Smith  of  Phil- 
adelphia, the  map  of  the  State  of  New  York  accom- 
panied with  a  Gazetteer,  the  two  being  sold  for  $10. 
All  the  work  except  printing  and  engraving,  being 
done  under  his  supervision. 

He  revised  Kobinsons's  mathematical  series  and  wrote 
the  greater  part  of  the  Algebra.  His  demonstration  of 
the  binomial  theorem  was  for  a  long  time  known  as 
"French's." 

He  lived  in  Syracuse  from  1855  to  1867  giving  his 
time  to  institute  work  and  the  preparation  of  a  series 


BIOGRAPHICAL    SKETCHES  301 

of  arithmetics  which  bore  his  name.  He  was  made 
superintendent  of  the  city  schools  in  1865,  but  resigned 
after  a  few  months  to  become  principal  of  the  experi- 
mental department  of  the  State  Normal  school  at 
Albany.  In  1870  he  was  elected  secretary  of  the  Board 
of  Edn cation  of  Vermont  where  he  remained  five  years. 
In  1878  he  became  principal  of  the  State  Normal  school 
at  Indiana,  Pa.,  and  remained  three  years.  Overwork 
here  brought  on  typhoid  fever  from  which  he  never  re- 
gained his  accustomed  strength  and  vigor.  He  took  up 
the  work  of  institute  conductor  again  and  continued  it 
till  his  death. 

At  the  age  of  twenty-three,  he  married  Mary  E. 
Washburn  who  survives  him.  He  had  two  daughters 
both  of  whom  died,  one  in  Syracuse,  1862,  and  the 
other  in  Boston,  in  1888,  aged  25.  This  was  a  severe 
affliction. 

His  last  work  was  the  preparation  of  a  paper  on  draw- 
ing to  be  read  at  the  meeting  of  school  commissioners 
held  in  New  York,  January  8,  1889,  but  he  was  obliged 
to  send  it  on  to  be  read.  He  died  December  23,  1888, 
leaving  his  life-long  companion  alone. 

This  is  but  a  brief  statement  of  the  work  accom- 
plished by  Dr.  French.  His  life  is  an  inspiration 
to  all  young  men  who  may  come  in  contact  with  his 
work. 


302  HISTORY    OF   THE    SCHOOLS    OF    SYRACUSE 

[NOTE. — This  history  would  be  incomplete  without  the  fol- 
lowing brief  notice  of  the  author,  Mr.  Smith,  and  his  connection 
\\ith  the  public  schools  of  Syracuse.  I  take  pleasure  in  present- 
ing it.  A.  B.  BLODGETT.] 

EDWARD  SMITH, 

the  writer  of  this  history,  was  born  December  30,  1817, 
in  Skaneateles,  N.  Y.,  where  he  lived  till  he  was  ten 
years  old,  when  his  father  moved  to  Cattarangus  county, 
and  settled  on  a  farm.  Mr.  Smith  attended  the  public 
school  in  the  winter  and  worked  on  the  farm  during 
the  summer  months  till  he  was  nineteen  years  old.  He 
attended  a  private  school  and  the  academy  at  Pratts- 
burg,  Steuben  county,  one  year  each.  He  commenced 
what  has  proved  his  life  work  in  1837,  teaching  in  the 
country  districts  in  the  winter,  and  in  a  private  school  in 
Kentucky  one  summer  term  of  twenty  weeks.  He  also 
served  as  town  superintendent  in  Cattaraugus  county 
for  two  years,  1839-1840. 

Mr.  Smith  first  came  to  Syracuse  in  the  spring  of 
1845.  He  was  immediately  engaged  here,  where  he  has 
since  labored  continuously :  twenty-five  years  as  a 
teacher  and  principal,  and  twenty-three  years  as  super- 
intendent of  the  city  schools  ;  a  total  of  forty-eight 
years,  out  of  which  period  he  has  not  lost  one  entire 
year.  A  simple  record  of  Mr.  Smith's  personal  work  in 
connection  with  the  growth  and  prosperity,  the  ups 
and  downs  of  the  school  system,  would  in  itself  make  a 
complete,  an  attractive,  and  a  most  interesting  history. 


BIOGRAPHICAL    SKETCHES  303 

The  public  schools  of  this  city,  in  themselves  the 
essential  product  of  Mr.  Smith's  life-long  labors,  pre- 
sent the  most  worthy  testimony  of  what  he  has  accom- 
plished. He  labored  early  and  late,  and  with  fidelity 
and  great  earnestness.  He  conscientiously  endeavored 
to  bring  teachers  and  pupils  into  contact  with  all  that 
was  best  and  foremost  in  educational  lines  ;  and  ever 
had  in  mind  the  elevation  of  the  thought,  the  intelli- 
gence, and  the  character  of  the  city  through  the  great 
factor,  the  public  schools.  In  truth,  as  we  recall  that 
Mr.  Smith  has  for  nearly  half  a  century  had  very  much 
to  do  in  the  direction  of  the  work,  we  are  amazed  at  his 
ability  in  keeping  abreast  of  the  times  ;  and  it  is  an 
established  fact — even  historical — that  the  Syracuse 
public  schools  have  been  leaders,  never  laggards,  in 
educational  lines. 

His  annual  election  for  twenty-three  consecutive 
years  to  the  superintendency  was  the  fullest  expression 
of  the  confidence  of  successive  Boards  of  Education. 
Mr.  Smith  possesses  an  iron  constitution  ;  which  in 
connection  with  a  kindly  disposition,  clean  motives, 
and  earnest  purposes,  has  brought  him  through  his 
long  term  of  service,  a  well  preserved,  active,  vigorous 
man,  still  busily  engaged  in  the  calling  which  has 
claimed  his  whole  being,  and  which  he  has  pursued 
with  tireless  energy.  The  work  of  such  a  life  is  rarely 
given  its  full  value,  and  this  brief  tribute  of  words  but 
faintly  measures  its  achievements. 


304  HISTORY    OF   THE    SCHOOLS    OF    SYRACUSE 

SILAS  M.  BETTS 

was  born  in  Borodino  on  the  east  shore  of  Skaneateles 
lake  in  1828.  His  parents  moved  soon  after  to  Canton, 
now  called  Memphis,  where  he  attended  the  public 
schools.  He  also  attended  school  at  Van  Buren  Centre, 
now  Warners,  and  afterward,  the  Onondaga  academy 
and  the  academy  at  Homer,  while  the  late  Samuel 
Wool  worth  was  principal.  Mr.  Betts'  first  teaching  was 
at  Belle  Isle,  "boarding  around/'  in  the  winter  of 
1844-45.  He  then  attended  the  Normal  school  at  Al- 
bany and  graduated  in  1849.  Soon  after,  he  became 
principal  of  No.  9,  then  a  small  wooden  building  on 
West  street,  Syracuse. 

In  1851,  Mr.  Betts  was  made  principal  of  No.  11,  where 
he  remained  till  he  was  appointed  principal  of  No.  7, 
in  1855.  He  accepted  an  appointment  as  principal  of  a 
High  school  at  Niles,  Mich.,  in  1859,  and  was  instru- 
mental in  making  the  schools  of  the  State  free  to  all 
children.  He  held  teachers'  institutes  in  his  own  and 
neighboring  counties  during  vacations,  till  overwork 
obliged  him  to  resign.  After  one  year  of  rest  he  be- 
came vice-principal  of  the  New  Jersey  State  Normal 
school  in  1861,  assisting  in  institute  work  and  contin- 
ued three  years,  then  resigned. 

He  now  resides  on  a  State  farm  near  Philadelphia, 
Pa.  He  aided  in  organizing  the  American  Guernsey 
Cattle  Club  of  which  he  has  been  the  president  three 
years.  He  says : 


BIOGRAPHICAL    SKETCHES  305 

"I  have  lived  to  see  the  schools  of  New  York,  Mich- 
igan and  New  Jersey  made  free  and  vastly  improved 
and  have  taken  a  humble  part  in  the  work,  but  my 
most  pleasant  memories  are  connected  with  the  schools 
of  Syracuse." 


CHARLES   0.  ROUNDY 

was  born  in  Spafford,  Onondaga  county,  N.  Y.,  May 
23,  1823.  He  received  his  education  in  the  public 
schools  of  his  native  town  and  in  the  Homer,  N.  Y., 
academy. 

The  degree  of  A.M.  was  conferred  upon  him  by  Ham- 
ilton college  in  1853.  Almost  his  entire  active  life  has 
been  spent  in  teaching,  beginning  in  his  own  town,  at 
eighteen  years  of  age,  soon  after  leaving  the  academy 
in  Homer.  He  afterward  taught  in  Skaneateles  and 
Baldwinsville,  coming  from  there  to  Syracuse  at  the 
death  of  Principal  Stetson,  to  take  the  place  vacated 
in  1852,  where  he  remained  till  the  establishment  of 
the  Syracuse  High  school  in  1855,  when  he  became  its 
first  principal.  He  remained  in  charge  of  this  school 
till  the  spring  of  1871,  when  failing  health  compelled 
him  to  retire. 

After  a  year  or  two  devoted  to  traveling  combined 
with  some  light  work  he  again  began  teaching  in  the 
Union  Free  school  at  Moravia,  N.  Y.,  where  he  re- 
mained ten  years.  Leaving  there,  he  spent  one  year 


306  HISTORY    OF    THE    SCHOOLS    OF    SYRACUSE 

and  a  half  in  Dakota  and  then  retired  to  his  farm  in 
Skaneateles,  N.  Y. ;  but  his  love  for  the  work  prompted 
him  to  seek  the  privilege  of  teaching  in  his  own  district 
at  a  nominal  salary. 

Mr.  Roundy  has  always  been  noted  for  his  zeal  and 
enthusiasm  as  a  teacher  in  the  small  as  well  as  in  the 
larger  school,  in  the  primary  as  well  as  in  the  high 
school.  When  engaged  in  teaching  no  amount  of  labor 
was  too  exacting,  that  he  might  have  something  new  to 
present  to  his  class  on  the  coming  day  to  illustrate  the 
principles  to  be  elucidated  or  to  awaken  interest  in  his 
pupils.  Till  late  at  night  with  his  lamp  on  the  floor 
and  his  books  around  him  within  easy  reach,  he  would 
lie  at  full  length,  studying  and  investigating  till  he  had 
mastered  his  subject,  then  with  increased  enthusiasm 
appear  before  his  class  next  day  to  inspire  them  with 
something  of  his  own  spirit.  His  pupils  in  this  city, 
graduates  of  the  High  school  for  sixteen  years,  will 
never  forget  the  love  for  study  and  the  ambition  awak- 
ened in  them  for  learning,  by  his  energetic  spirit. 

Mr.  Roundy's  work  is  completed.  He  died  (Septem- 
ber 30,  1892)  at  his  home  in  Skaneateles,  leaving  a  wife 
and  two  married  daughters.  His  funeral  was  attended 
at  Moravia,  October  4,  where  his  last  important  teaching 
was  done,  and  where  many  of  his  pupils  were  able  to 
show  their  respect  for  the  memory  of  a  loved  and 
revered  teacher. 


BIOGRAPHICAL    SKETCHES  307 

WILLIAM  WILSON  NEWMAN 

was  born  at  South  Onondaga,  N.  Y.,  October  5,  1821  ; 
educated  in  public  and  private  schools,  Onondaga  acad- 
emy, Oazenovia  seminary  and  Albany  academy ;  was 
admitted  to  Hamilton  college  and  received  an  honorary 
degree  of  A.M.  from  Union  college.  He  began  teach- 
ing at  seventeen  at  Hewlett  Hill,  and  taught  at  Amboy, 
Geddes,  Baldwinsville,  Onondaga  academy,  South  On- 
ondaga, Putnam  school,  in  Syracuse,  and  No.  13,  in 
Buffalo.  He  was  two  terms  (six  years)  school  commis- 
sioner of  the  second  district  of  Onondaga  county,  and 
is  now,  1892,  Superintendent  of  the  Onondaga  Reserva- 
tion Indian  school.  He  is  now  living  in  his  72d  year 
on  the  farm  where  he  was  born. 

His  wife,  Elizabeth  Esther  Williams,  was  born  at 
South  Onondaga ;  educated  at  Manlius  and  Chitte- 
nango  academies ;  taught  at  Manlius,  Syracuse  and 
Buffalo,  and  is  now  living  on  the  farm  with  her  hus- 
band. They  were  married  at  the  teachers'  institute  in 
their  schoolhouse,  No.  7,  the  Putnam,  and  went  imme- 
diately to  their  new  school,  No.  13,  in  Buffalo,  where 
they  taught  thirteen  years,  till  sickness  caused  Mr. 
Newman  to  resign  his  principalship  and  retire  to  the 
home  farm. 

Both  have  taught  successfully  many  thousand  pupils 
during  over  thirty  years  of  teaching  life. 


308  HISTORY    OF   THE    SCHOOLS    OF    SYRACUSE 

ANSEL  E.  KINNE 

was  born  May  17,  1820,  and  was  the  last  of  eleven  chil- 
dren. Ansel  received  all  the  education  the  common 
district  schools  provided  at  that  time.  At  the  age  of 
Hineteen  he  attended  the  academy  at  Fayetteville,  and 
became  inspired  with  a  desire  to  become  a  teacher. 

His  first  school  met  in  a  log  house  in  the  town  of 
DeWitt,  and  was  satisfactory  and  successful.  The 
next  winter  he  taught  in  DeWitt,  and  the  following 
summer  entered  the  seminary  at  Cazenovia.  In  the 
autumn  he  again  entered  the  seminary,  and  later  was 
employed  to  teach  the  village  school.  In  the  spring  he 
returned  to  Cazenovia,  and  remained  till  fitted  for  col- 
lege at  twenty-four  years  of  age.  Failing  health  made 
this  impracticable. 

In  the  winter  of  1845-46,  he  taught  the  village  school 
in  Fayetteville,  and  the  following  winter  the  DeWitt 
school,  the  summer  of  1847,  the\  James  ville  school,  and 
the  winter  of  1848-49,  in  his  own  district  in  DeWitt. 

He  married  Miss  Emma  Merrick,  of  this  city.  In  the 
spring  of  1850  he  was  elected  town  superintendent  of 
schools  of  DeWitt. 

In  the  spring  of  1851,  he  removed  to  Syracuse,  built 
a  house  in  the  Fifth  Ward,  and  entered  business  for 
four  years.  In  1855,  he  was  made  principal  of  Prescott 
school,  where  he  continued  till  January,  1864,  when  he 
received  an  appointment  under  General  Saxtonas  Super- 


BIOGRAPHICAL    SKETCHES  309 

intendent  of  Freedmen,  at  Fernandina,  Florida.  He 
remained  there  three  years  and  was  offered  the  appoint- 
ment of  Superintendent  of  schools  of  the  State  of 
Florida.  This  last  offer  came  after  he  had  planned  to 
return  north  for  the  education  of  his  children. 

After  his  return,  Mr.  Camp,  the  principal  of  Putnam 
school,  resigned,  and  Mr.  Kinne  received  the  appoint- 
ment to  the  position,  and  remained  there  till  the 
occupation  of  the  new  High  school  building,  when  the 
eighth  year  pupils  from  the  ward  schools  were  trans- 
ferred to  that  building,  and  the  Central  Senior  school 
organized  with  Mr.  Kinne  as  its  principal.  He  re- 
mained in  this  school  till  June,  1872,  when  that  school 
was  discontinued  and  Mr.  Kinne  accepted  the  princi- 
palship  of  Madison  school,  which  had  just  been  com- 
pleted. He  remained  in  this  school,  doing,  as  he 
always  had,  a  missionary  work  in  trying  to  reclaim  the 
truant  and  disobedient  belonging  to  his  school,  until 
his  death,  January  16,  1890. 


EBENEZER  BUTLER 

was  born  at  Pompey,  Onondaga  county,  N.  Y.,  in  May, 
1829  ;  was  educated  at  Pompey  academy,  and  began  the 
work  of  a  teacher  on  the  last  day  of  the  year  1849,  in 
the  village  of  Buch  Bond,  Wayne  county,  Pa.  In  the 
fall  of  1850,  he  was  called  to  the  school  in  the  village  of 
Pleasant  Mount,  same  county  and  State.  He  continued 


310          HISTORY   OF  THE   SCHOOLS   OF   SYRACUSE 

at  the  head  of  that  school  till  the  fall  of  1852,  when  he 
returned  to  his  native  town;  and  (excepting  three 
terms),  from  that  date  till  the  year  1863,  he  was  in 
charge  of  the  public  school  in  the  village  of  Pompey. 

In  the  fall  of  1863,  he  became  connected  with  the  pub- 
lic school  of  Manlius  Village,  as  principal.  At  the  end 
of  a  year,  and  in  the  fall  of  1864,  he  accepted  the 
position  as  teacher  of  the  school  in  the  village  of  Ged- 
des  and  remained  at  the  head  of  that  school  till  May, 
1866,  when  he  received  from  the  Board  of  Education, 
Syracuse,  N.  Y.,  the  appointment  of  principal  of  Sey- 
mour school. 

He  held  that  position  over  seven  years,  and  till  the 
fall  of  1873  ;  when,  declining  re-appointment,  he  ac- 
cepted the  position  of  superintendent  of  the  schools 
of  Whitehall,  N.  Y. 

Serving  in  that  capacity  for  nine  years,  and  till  the 
fall  of  1882,  he  returned  to  Onondaga  county,  and 
accepted  the  appointment  of  principal  of  Danforth 
school.  He  remained  in  that  position  five  years,  till 
1887.  Declining  a  re-appointment  for  1888,  ten- 
dered to  him  by  the  Board,  Professor  Butler,  after  a 
period  of  thirty-eight  years  of  continuous  and  success- 
ful service  in  the  work  of  an  educator,  retired  from 
active  school  work,  and  entered  upon  the  duties  of  a 
business  career,  in  the  city  of  Syracuse,  in  which  work 
he  is  now  engaged. 


BIOGRAPHICAL    SKETCHES  311 

WALTER  A.  BROWNELL 

was  born  at  Evans  Mills,  N.  Y.,  March  23,  1838.  He 
graduated  from  Gouverneur  seminary,  N.  Y.,  as  vale- 
dictorian of  his  class,  in  18G1 ;  and  also  from  Genesee 
college,  Lima,  N.  Y.,  in  1865.  He  taught  in  various 
district  schools  during  his  undergraduate  work.  He  was 
for  one  term  professor  of  Latin  in  Falley  seminary,  at 
Fulton,  N".  Y.  From  1865  to  1868  he  was  principal  of 
Red  Creek  seminary  ;  from  1868  to  1871,  principal  of 
Fairfield  seminary,  N.  Y.;  from  1871  to  1872,  principal 
of  Syracuse  High  school;  and  he  has  been  from  1872  to 
the  present  time,  professor  of  chemistry  and  geology  in 
the  Syracuse  high  school. 

During  the  summer  vacations  from  1881  to  1886,  he 
was  professor  of  geology  and  mineralogy  in  the  school 
for  teachers  at  Martha's  Vineyard,  Mass.  He  received 
the  title  of  Ph.D.  from  Hamilton  college,  in  1876. 


SAMUEL    THURBER 

was  born  in  Providence,  R.  I.,  April  4,  1837.  His 
early  education  was  in  the  public  schools  of  Providence. 
He  entered  Brown  university  in  1853,  but  resided  there 
five  years,  and  graduated  at  21  in  1858. 

His  life  has  been  devoted  to  teaching,  excepting  a 
year  in  the  army — 1862-1863 — and  three  years  during 
which  he  traveled  on  the  Pacific  coast,  principally  in 
Idaho,  in  the  employment  of  a  mining  company. 


312          HISTORY   OF   THE   SCHOOLS   OF   SYRACUSE 

He  was  principal  of  the  high  schools  of  Hyde  Park, 
Mass.,  Syracuse,  where  he  remained  six  years,  and 
Worcester,  Mass.  His  first  teaching  was  in  the  Provi- 
dence high  school,  and  he  left  the  post  of  principal  of 
the  classical  department  of  that  school  in  1865,  to  enter 
on  the  mining  venture  referred  to  above. 

In  1880,  he  went  to  Boston  to  take  a  position  in  the 
Girls'  high  school,  where  he  now  is  filling  the  post  of 
master  in  that  school,  and  teaching  English. 

He  says :  "I  look  back  on  my  six  years  in  Syracuse 
as  the  pleasantest  part  of  my  life." 


GEORGE  A.  BACON 

was  born  at  Webster,  Mass.,  January  17,  1847.  Pre- 
pared for  college  at  Nichols  academy,  Dudley,  Mass. 
Graduated  at  Brown  university,  Providence,  R.  I.,  in 
1867.  Taught  one  year  in  Derby,  Vt.,  as  principal  of 
Derby  academy,  and  one  year  as  principal  of  the  high 
school  in  Gardner,  Mass.  Spent  two  years  (nearly) 
in  post-graduate  study  here  and  in  Europe.  Taught 
history  and  mathematics  for  three  years  (1871-1874)  in 
the  Brooklyn  Polytechnic  Institute.  Was  assistant 
three  years  (1874-1877),  and  principal  ten  years  (1878- 
1888)  in  the  Syracuse  high  school.  Editor  and  pub- 
lisher of  The  Academy,  1886-1892.  He  received  the 
degree  of  A.B.  from  Brown  university  in  1867,  and  that 
of  Ph.D.,  from  Hamilton  college  in  1879. 


BIOGRAPHICAL   SKETCHES  313 

He  resigned  his  position  in  the  High  school,  to  form 
a  partnership  in  the  publishing  house  of  Allyn  &  Bacon, 
where  he  is  now  engaged. 

R.  BRUCE  WHITE 

was  born  at  Willow  Glen,  in  the  town  of  Skaneateles, 
November  10,  1839.  He  received  his  education  in  the 
village  school  at  Mottville,  at  old  district  school  No.  13, 
in  the  town  of  Skaneateles,  and  at  Monroe  Collegiate 
institute,  in  Elbridge,  N.  Y. 

In  Nov.,  1858,  he  began  teaching  in  District  No.  13, 
Skaneateles,  and  continued  during  two  winter  terms. 
In  1860,  he  assumed  charge  of  the  Mottville  village 
school,  remaining  there  six  years.  In  April,  1866,  he 
went  to  Marcellus,  and  was  principal  of  the  union  school 
there  for  three  years. 

In  the  spring  of  1869,  Mr.  White  came  to  Syracuse 
as  principal  of  Putnam  school,  resigning  in  the  spring 
of  1870. 

In  January,  1874,  he  was  appointed  principal  of 
Salina  school,  remaining  there  until  June,  1877,  when 
he  was  transferred  to  Seymour  school,  continuing  in 
charge  until  October,  1887. 

In  January,  1890,  he  was  appointed  principal  of  Mad- 
ison school,  resigning  August  1,  1892.  For  thirty-four 
years,  Mr.  White  has  been  a  teacher  in  Onondaga 
county,  and  for  nearly  twenty-four  years  in  the  schools 
of  Syracuse. 


314          HISTOKY   OF  THE   SCHOOLS   OF   SYRACUSE 

H.  ELBERT  BARRETT 

was  born  in  1851.  His  early  education  was  commenced 
in  a  district  school  at  Hannibal,  Oswego  county,  N.  Y. 
At  sixteen,  he  was  placed  in  Falley  seminary,  Fulton, 
then  under  the  charge  of  an  excellent  instructor,  Prof. 
J.  P.  Griffin,  where  his  training  continued  three  years. 

After  teaching  one  term  in  a  country  district  school, 
he  determined  to  make  teaching  a  vocation,  and  at  once 
entered  the  State  Normal  school  at  Oswego,  in  1872, 
and  graduated  from  the  classical  department  of  that 
institution.  In  the  fall  of  the  same  year  he  took  charge 
of  the  Yates  Union  school  at  Ohittenango,  N.  Y., 
where  he  remained  one  year. 

In  1873,  he  was  elected  to  the  position  of  teacher  of 
methods  in  the  State  Normal  school  at  Bloomsburg, 
Pa.  This  position  was  resigned  in  1877,  when  he 
returned  to  New  York  to  engage  temporarily  in  news- 
paper work. 

During  March,  1881,  Mr.  Barrett  became  connected 
with  the  public  schools  of  this  city  as  principal  of 
Salina  school,  which  position  he  still  retains. 


BRUCE  M.   WATSON 

was  born  at  Windsor,  N.  Y.,  February  28,  1860.  He 
received  his  education  in  the  common  schools  of  his 
native  place,  and  in  the  public  schools  of  Binghamtou, 


BIOGRAPHICAL   SKETCHES  315 

N.  Y.  He  entered  the  State  Normal  school  at  Oswego, 
and  graduated.  He  then  entered  a  public  school  in  the 
suburbs  of  Binghamton,  which  has  since  been  annexed 
to  that  city,  where  he  continued  two  years.  From 
there  he  went  to  Huguenot,  N.  Y.,  and  remained  one 
year  ;  then  to  Pulaski,  N.  Y. ,  one  year.  From  the  lat- 
ter place  he  was  offered  a  position  in  the  Syracuse  High 
school,  as  teacher  of  methods  in  the  Teachers'  class, 
and  remained  till  the  spring  of  1888,  when  he  was 
appointed  temporary  principal  of  Seymour  school  in 
place  of  R.  B.  White,  who  was  out  of  school  on  leave 
of  absence.  Mr.  White  did  not  return  to  the  position, 
and  Mr.  Watson  was  appointed  permanently,  which 
position  he  has  faithfully  and  acceptably  filled  to  the 
present  time. 


A.  B.  BLODGETT 

was  born  in  Mottville.  Onondaga  county,  N.  Y.,  in 
1850.  He  was  educated  at  DeRuyter  institute  and  at 
Oazenovia  seminary.  He  began  teaching  in  1870  at 
Skaneateles  Falls,  N.  Y.,  and  afterward  taught  in  Madi- 
son and  Onondaga  counties.  In  April,  1873,  he  took 
charge  of  the  union  school  in  Tully  village,  where  he 
remained  two  years. 

From  Tully  he  went  to  Cazenovia,  and  entered  the 
seminary  as  student  doing  outside  tutoring.  In  1876- 
1877,  he  had  charge  of  the  commercial  department  in 


316          HISTORY   OF   THE    SCHOOLS   OF   SYRACUSE 

Cazenovia  seminary,  at  the  same   time  continuing  his 
studies. 

In  the  winter  of  1875-1876,  he  left  Cazenovia  to  take 
charge  of  the  winter  school  in  the  First  Ward  of  this 
city,  returning  to  his  studies  in  April,  3876. 

He  was  elected  full  instructor  in  the  seminary,  in 
June,  1877,  but  resigned  upon  being  notified  of  his 
election  to  the  principalship  of  Salina  school  in  this 
city. 

He  remained  in  Salina  school  till  March,  1881,  when 
he  was  transferred  to  Prescott  school,  in  the  Fourth 
Ward.  He  held  this  position  till  March  5,  1889,  when 
he  was  elected  superintendent  of  the  schools  of  Syracuse, 
N.  Y.,  which  position  he  still  occupies. 

In  October,  1890,  at  a  meeting  of  the  Council  of 
City  Superintendents  of  the  State,  Mr.  Blodgett  was 
chosen  chairman  of  a  committee  of  five  to  lay  before 
the  other  educational  bodies  of  the  State  the  advisabil- 
ity of  organizing  a  State  Educational  Congress  to  con- 
sider the  future  educational  interests  of  the  State.  A 
report  was  made,  and  the  committee  still  has  the  mat- 
ter in  charge. 

Mr.  Blodgett  was  president  of  the  New  York  State 
Teachers'  Association  for  the  year  1892. 

CHARLES  E.  WHITE 

was  born   in   the   town   of  Wayne,  Trumbull   county, 


BIOGRAPHICAL    SKETCHES  317 

Ohio,  August  2,  1848.     His  parents  removed   to  Gaze- 
no  via,  N.  Y.,  four  years  after. 

He  attended  district  school  till  the  age  of  fourteen, 
and  then  spent  one  year  in  a  preparatory  school,  con- 
ducted by  Prof.  Robert  Ellis  at  Cazenovia,  after  which 
he  was  a  student  in  Cazenovia  seminary  until  the  winter 
of  1867,  when  he  taught  his  first  school  at  Rebel's  Cor- 
ners near  Canastota.  The  next  winter  he  taught  the 
school  at  "Old  No.  9"  near  Cazenovia,  "boarding 
round  "  both  seasons,  and  returning  to  Cazenovia  sem- 
inary, after  the  close  of  school,  each  term. 

In  September,  1869,  he  was  called  to  the  principal- 
ship  of  the  Camillus  school,  remaining  four  years. 
His  next  school  was  at  South  Butler,  Wayne  county, 
where  he  taught  one  year,  resigning  to  take  charge  of  the 
school  at  Hannibal,  Oswego  county,  which  he  resigned 
after  a  year,  to  again  take  the  principal  ship  of  the 
Camillus  school,  which  he  held  four  years  longer, 
resigning  on  account  of  ill-health,  and  for  a  few  months 
engaging  in  the  manufacture  of  chairs  at  Elbridge, 
N.  Y.  A  vacancy  occurring  at  Cicero  he  was  called  to 
take  charge  of  that  school,  where  he  remained  till  the 
fall  of  1880.  He  was  then  elected  school  commissioner 
of  the  third  district  of  Onondaga  county,  but  resigned 
the  office  after  serving  two  years,  to  take  the  position 
of  superintendent  of  schools  in  the  village  of  Geddes. 

He  served  as  superintendent  three  years,  and  was 
re-appointed.  In  March,  1886,  Geddes  village  was  an- 


318  HISTORY    OF   THE    SCHOOLS    OF    SYRACUSE 

nexed  to  Syracuse,  and  by  a  clause  in  the  bill  of  annex- 
ation the  superintendent  of  the  schools  of  Geddes,  was 
placed  under  the  direction  of  the  Board  of  Education  of 
the  city  of  Syracuse,  and  Mr.  White  was  appointed  prin- 
cipal of  Franklin  school,  where  he  has  remained  till  the 
present  time.  In  1886  Mr.  White  was  chosen  president 
of  the  New  York  State  Association  of  School  Commis- 
sioners and  Superintendents,  and  was  president  of  the 
Onondaga  Educational  Council  for  the  year  1888.  He 
is  the  author  of  a  primary  arithmetic  entitled  Two 
Years  with  Numbers,  which  is  used  in  the  public  schools 
of  Syracuse  and  in  some  other  cities. 


MRS.  L.  E.  THOMAS 

was  born  in  Baldwinsville,  Onondaga  county  ;  educated 
at  Baldwinsville  Academy,  and  began  teaching  in  1868 
in  the  town  of  Van  Buren.  She  came  to  the  village  of 
Brighton  in  1869  where  she  remained  till  that  district 
became  a  part  of  Syracuse.  When  the  new  Brighton 
school  was  built  in  1881  Mrs.  Thomas  was  transferred 
to  the  principalship  of  the  Danforth  school.  She  has 
practically  been  where  she  now  is  from  1869  to  1893. 


GEORGE  A.  LEWIS 

was  born  in  the  town  of  Clay,  Onondaga  county,  N.  Y., 
January  29,  1850.  '  His  early  education  was  received  in 


BIOGRAPHICAL    SKETCHES  319 

the  district  school,,  and  at  the  age  of  17  he  commenced 
teaching. 

In  the  spring  of  1869  his  family  moved  to  Syracuse 
and  he  entered  the  high  school  the  first  session  the 
present  building  was  occupied.  After  spending  one  year 
in  this  school  he  taught  during  the  winter  terms  of 
1870  and  1871,  and  in  the  spring  attended  Cazenovia 
seminary  a  short  term  and  became  the  principal  of  the 
graded  school  at  North  Syracuse,  where  he  remained 
a  year  and  a  half,  when  he  resigned  to  attend  the  Oswego 
Normal  school,  from  which  he  graduated  in  the  classical 
course,  July,  1877. 

Later  in  the  season  he  was  appointed  to  the  principal- 
ship  of  the  school  at  Morristown,  N.  Y.,  where  a  new 
building  had  just  been  erected.  After  four  years  of 
service  there  in  reorganizing  the  school  on  the  line  of 
advanced  educational  work  which  proved  eminently 
successful,  impaired  health  prompted  him  to  resign. 

In  the  fall  of  1881  he  was  elected  school  commissioner 
of  the  first  commissioner  district  of  St.  Lawrence  county. 
In  the  fall  of  1888  he  was  appointed  assistant  in  the 
Syracuse  High  school,  where  his  untiring  energy  and  the 
faithful  discharge  of  his  duties  have  made  him  an  im- 
portant factor  in  its  faculty. 


EZEKIEL  WILSON  MUNDY 

was  born   in   Metuchen,   Middlesex  county,  JS".   J.,  in 
1833.     He  was  graduated  from  Eochester  university  in 


320          HISTORY    OF    THE    SCHOOLS    OF    SYRACUSE 

1860  with  the  degree  of  A.  B.  and  took  the  degree  of 
A.M.  in  regular  course. 

He  studied  theology  in  the  Rochester  Theological 
seminary  from  which  he  was  graduated  in  1863.  From 
the  seminary  Mr.  Mundy  went  at  once  to  take  charge 
of  the  First  Baptist  church,  Syracuse,  N.  Y.  He  was 
pastor  there  for  three  years,  at  the  close  of  which  he 
took  charge  of  the  Independent  church  of  Syracuse. 
After  a  pastorate  of  thirteen  years  he  resigned  in  1879, 
and  took  orders  in  the  Protestant  Episcopal  church. 

In  1880,  Mr.  Mundy  was  put  in  charge  of  the  Cen- 
tral Library,  which  place  he  still  holds. 

FREDERICK  A.  LYMAN 

was  born  in  Columbia,  Ct.,  in  1864,  and  attended  a 
country  district  school.  A  love  for  music  became  man- 
ifest at  eleven  years  of  age  when  he  began  its  study 
from  a  primer  of  music  without  a  teacher  and  he 
learned  to  play  on  the  melodeon. 

At  fourteen  years  he  began  to  study  the  piano  and 
vocal  art  under  teachers  in  Hartford,  Ct.  He  moved 
to  Rhode  Island  and  at  the  age  of  eighteen,  after  at- 
tending a  graded  school  one  year,  commenced  teaching 
and  continued  in  this  work  four  years,  keeping  up  his 
musical  studies,  giving  special  attention  to  public  school 
music,  theory  of  music  and  vocal  art.  He  attended  the 
Normal  Music  school  at  Lexington,  Mass.,  in  1886,  and 
taught  in  the  same  school  four  years. 


BIOGRAPHICAL    SKETCHES  321 

For  the  past  two  summers  he  has  taught  in  the  mus- 
ical department  of  the  American  Institute  of  Normal 
Methods.  He  passed  a  successful  examination  before 
the  board  of  the  American  College  of  Musicians  in  1886, 
and  in  1891  was  elected  one  of  the  examining  board  of 
that  organization. 

He  has  done  a  large  amount  of  musical  work  outside 
of  the  public  schools  by  directing  church  choirs,  instru- 
mental and  vocal  organizations,  by  playing  church 
organs  and  several  string  and  brass  instruments.  He 
has  written  a  variety  of  music,  including  songs,  church 
music,  compositions  for  military  bands  and  orchestras. 

He  is  the  vice-president  of  the  Rhode  Island  Music 
Teachers"  Association,  and  of  the  New  York  State  Asso- 
ciation. 

Mr.  Lyman  became  the  director  of  music  in  the  pub- 
lic schools  of  Syracuse,  in  the  autumn  of  1888,  where 
he  has  done  most  excellent  work  in  developing  a  taste 
for  the  science  among  teachers  and  pupils,  and  is  sys- 
tematizing a  complete  and  thorough  elementary  course 
in  music. 


WILLIAM  H.  SCOTT 

was  born  September  4,  1844,  at  Pontiac,  Mich.;  at- 
tended school  and  prepared  for  college  there,  intending 
to  enter  Michigan  university  in  September,  1862.  But 
instead,  July,  1862,  he  enlisted  in  the  Mich.  Vol.  Inf., 


322  HISTORY   OF   THE   SCHOOLS   OF   SYRACUSE 

and  remained  with  his  regiment,  acting  as  commissary, 
till  mustered  out  in  July,  1863. 

In  September,  he  entered  Oberlin  college,  Oberlin, 
Ohio,  with  the  class  of  1870.  Ill-health  compelled  him 
to  leave  before  graduating,  but  subsequently  the  degree 
of  A.M.  was  conferred. 

He  taught  in  Michigan,  while  a  student  in  college. 
Then  in  Cleveland,  Ohio,  under  Superintendent  A.  J. 
Rickoff,  and  was  principal  of  the  high  school  at  Brooklyn 
Village,  Ohio,  one  year. 

Ill-health  induced  him  to  go  into  business  for  six 
years.  He  then  engaged  in  teaching  in  the  public  schools 
of  Omaha,  Nebraska,  where  he  remained  four  years. 
From  there  he  went  to  the  Michigan  Military  academy 
at  Orchard  Lake,  Michigan,  for  one  year  as  professor 
of  English.  The  following  year  he  was  principal  of 
the  Pontiac  High  school. 

He  then  engaged  in  business  in  Wyoming,  Colorado, 
and  Nebraska,  finally  going  to  California,  and  engaged 
in  teaching;  giving  his  time  out  of  school  to  fruit  rais- 
ing. He  remained  in  California  three  years  and  came 
to  Syracuse  in  May,  1887,  and  the  following  June  was 
elected  principal  of  Porter  school. 


MARY  WINIFRED  FLANAGAN 

was  born  at  Camillus,  Onondaga  county,  N.  Y.,  Sept., 
18G1.     After  completing  the  regular  course  of  study  at 


BIOGRAPHICAL    SKETCHES  323 

the  village  union  school,,  she  commenced  teaching  at 
Fairmount,  N.  Y.,  in  1880. 

Her  ambition  to  be  qualified  for  the  best  localities 
prompted  her  to  enter  the  Oswego  Normal  school,  where 
she  graduated  July  6th,  1886.  The  American  Institute 
of  Normal  Methods  at  Nyack-on-the-Hudson,  July, 
1892,  gave  her  a  diploma  in  music.  She  also  completed 
the  regular  three  years'  course  at  the  H.  E.  Holt  Nor- 
mal Musical  school  and  Institute  of  Vocal  Harmony  at 
Lexington,  Mass.,  and  graduated  August,  1892. 

In  September,  1886,  Miss  Flanagan  was  selected 
principal  of  "  Rock  school/'  in  the  town  of  Geddes. 
Soon  after,  this  part  of  Geddes  became  the  Ninth  Ward 
of  Syracuse,  and  she  with  her  junior  pupils  was  trans- 
ferred in  Feb.,  1887  to  May  school,  where  she  remained, 
nearly  three  years. 

In  September,  1889,  she  and  her  pupils  were  again 
transferred  to  White's  hall,  and  there  remained  during 
the  construction  of  the  new  Delaware  school,  and  the 
following  February  was  appointed  principal  of  Dela- 
ware school,  a  position  which  she  still  holds. 


GRADUATES  OF  THE  SYRACUSE 
HIGH  SCHOOL 


1856 

Rossiter  W.  Raymond,  Osgood  V.  Tracy, 

Samuel  L.  Oomstock,  Catharine  B.  Poole, 

Marinda  L.  Adams,  Ellyette  W.  Casey, 

Ellen  A.  Evans,  Ellen  V.  Bowen, 

H.  Wadsworth  Clark. 

1857 

Theodore  Y.  Kinne,  Ellen  M.  Cheney, 

Mary  J.  Hopkins,  Julia  A.  Hawley, 

W.  K.  Hood. 

1858 

George  K.  Collins,  William  P.  Burdick, 

William  H.  Shankland,  James  S.  McVey, 

Josephine  Hurlburt,  Mary  A.  Morwick, 

S.  Jennie  Marlette,  F.  Amelia  Clarke. 

1859 

Charles  M.  Kinne,  J.  Frank  Durston, 

William  Henry  Robbins,  Clara  A.  Kingsley, 

William  G.  Tracy,  Eliza  M.  Riegel, 

Margaret  Moore,  Mary  Jane  Shuler, 

Helen  M.  Davis,  Mary  E.  Fisher, 

(324) 


HIGH    SCHOOL    GRADUATES  325 

Sarah  A.  Corey,  Kate  Frazee, 

Orpha  J.  Jones,  Elide  A.  Oummings. 

1860 

Jacob  A.  Nottingham,  Truman  J.  Backus, 

Fillmore  M.  Smith,  G.  Spencer  Codington, 

Albert  Becker,  Mary  L.  Stevens, 

Mary  A.  Bassett,  Catherine  E.  Tallman, 

Maria  Freeland,  Annie  D.  Phelps, 

Emma  C.  Saul,  Kate  E.  Dewey, 

Nettie  Featherly,  Elizabeth  I.  Palmer, 
Leonard  M.  Alger. 

1861 

H.  Frank  Babcock,  Edson  H   Wilder, 

Smith  North  way,  Charles  J.  Glass, 

Henry  D.  Nottingham,  Andrew  W.  Wilkins, 

Thomas  W.  Durston,  A.  Melinda  Gilbert, 

Permelia  Nottingham,  Louise  H.  Eose, 

Harriet  L.  Powers,  Harriet  W.  Beebe, 

Eliza  G.  Chapman,  Mary  E.  Sheppard, 

Emily  Jerome,  Mary  F.  Stevens, 

Mary  E.  Morgan,  Edmonia  G.  Highgate, 

Sarah  C.  Glass,  Clara  F.  Chase, 

Lola  M.  Evans,  Catherine  M.  S.  Scanlan, 

Avis  Stearnes.  Mary  L.  Beebe, 
Thomas  Hooker. 

1862 

Dudley  P.  Wilkinson,  Alice  B.  Barber, 

William  F.  Hubbard,  Louise  0.  Gere, 

H.  E.  Prindle,  Sarah  H.  Ecker, 

Charles  R.  White,  Jennie  M.  Lee, 


32G 


HISTORY   OF   THE   SCHOOLS   OF   SYRACUSE 


Ella  P.  Bates, 
Deckle  M.  Cheesebro, 
Annie  E.  Hayden, 
Mary  E.  Crowen, 
Emma  J.  Ostrander, 


M.  Frances  Stevens, 
Florence  Stevens, 
Lina  M.  D wight, 
Josephine  Magee, 
Anna  Sager. 


1863 


Levi  C.  Lathrop, 
Thomas  M.  Ryan, 
Edward  N.  Westcott, 
Alida  T.  Ketchum, 
Emma  J.  Chase, 
Lettie  A.  Russell, 
Louise  L.  Smith, 
Lois  A.  Heath, 
Mary  E.  Kelley, 
Fanny  L.  Rounds, 
Margaret  F.  Paddock, 

Giles  A. 


George  W.  Waggoner, 
Grace  E.  Holmes, 
Frances  A.  Hay  den, 
Frances  M.  Prindle, 
M.  E.  Brintnall, 
Josephine  P.  Crane, 
Ada  G.  Barnes, 
Eliza  A.  Kennedy, 
Catherine  M.  Marsh, 
Julia  A.  Wescott, 
Carrie  E.  Wescott, 
Lewis. 


1864 


Henry  C.  Cole, 
John  T.  B.  Ilillhouse, 
Albert  E.  McChesney, 
S.  H.  Starin, 
Frances  A.  Beach, 
Agnes  E.  Usenbentz, 


Francis  C.  Pope, 
Lewis  F.  Powell, 
William  Davis, 
John  H.  Durston, 
Charles  Pratt, 


Alice  E.  Herrick, 
Addie  C.  Thurston, 
James  W.  Lawrence, 
M.  Elizabeth   Van  Wag- 

enen, 
Julia  A.  Britcher. 


1865 


DeEtta  D.  Spear, 
Margaret  Hurst, 
Harriet  M.  Adams, 
Mary  R.  Vischer, 
Emma  F.  Hood, 


HIGH    SCHOOL    GRADUATES 


327 


Henri  Bitter, 
Edgar  P.  Glass, 
Alice  E.  Waters, 
Harriet  S.  Leach, 
Sarah  C.  Terwilliger, 


Albert  C.  Phillips, 
Sarah  Jerome, 
Ida  B.  Terry, 
Frances  M.  Chesebro, 
Winifred  Davies, 
Alice  Ritchie, 


Lucy  Truesdell, 
Rosella  Snow, 
Hester  A.  Leyden, 
Ella  Hurst, 
Frances  L.  Leonard. 


1866 


Margaret  A.  Dunn, 
M.  Elizabeth  Terry, 
Ella  Starin, 
Libbie  M.  Dakin, 
Abigail  Croly, 
Margaret  E.  Barber, 


Wilson  R.  Hare. 


1867 


Georgiana  Lascelle, 
Julia  E.  Hoye, 
Lilly  M.  Fuller, 
Mary  E.  Gere, 


Wealthy  Arnold, 
Ella  M.  Chase, 
Catherine  Celia  Murphy, 
Theodosia  A.  Holmes, 


Mary  D.  Hurst. 


1868 


Horatia  S.  White, 
James  L.  Thorpe, 
Estella  Freeman, 
Alice  E.  Fitzgerald, 
Eva  L.  Smith, 
Caroline  Arntz, 
D.  Louise  Woolworth, 
Rhoda  Van  Wagenen, 


James  B.  Hitchcock, 


John  F.  Burdick, 
Charles  J.  Powers, 
Mary  G.  Dunn, 
Charlotte  A.  Redhead, 
Sarah  T.  Stafford, 
Laura  E.  Fuller, 
Mary  D.  Baker, 
Julia  A.  Clarke. 


1869 


W.  Allen  Butler, 


328         HISTORY   OF   THE   SCHOOLS   OF   SYRACUSE 


William  H.  Mills, 
Mary  E.  Sykes, 
Julia  M.  Killmore, 
Nellie  F.  Maynard, 
Ida  L.  Hurd, 
Orissa  A.  Hitchcock, 
Emma  A.  Welch, 


Mary  L.  Ford, 
Henrietta  Hurst, 
Mary  Silberman, 
Emma  L.  Riegal, 
Mary  S.  Murphy, 
Sarah  Freeland, 
Grace  E.  Terry, 


William  H.  Barnes. 


Willard  K.  Spencer, 
William  T.  Mylcrane, 
James  M.  Gilbert, 
Thomas  F.  Coolie, 
Mary  E.  Nicholson, 
Ella  Dickie, 
Helen  I.  Adams, 
Agnes  L.  Lynch, 
Mary  E.  Vaughan, 
Ellen  Hayden, 
E.  Augusta  Clement, 


Clinton  J.  Peck, 
Arthur  B.  Kinne, 
Ferdinand  J.  Ball  art, 
William  A.  Wood, 
J.  Wiltse  Knapp, 
Joseph  Lally, 
James  W.  Ford, 
Henry  G.  Hanchett. 
Ella  L.  Hayes, 
Sarah  J.  Dallas, 
Nellie  J.  Abbott, 


1870 


Brace  W.  Loomis, 
Edward  J.  Lally, 
Orrin  J.  Snow, 
Carrie  L.  Smith, 
Kate  W.  Johonnot, 
Mary  E.  Hawley, 
Catherine  A.  Nichols, 
Isabel  E.  Warner, 
Lucy  E.  Babcock, 
Allena  E.  Coville, 
M.  Olivia  Sanger. 


1871 


Emma  F.  Bunnell, 
Sophia  Straus, 
Agnes  A.  McKeon, 
Etta  J.  Pope, 
Lavinia  Van  Wagenen, 
Elizabeth  C.  Dwyre, 
Sara  Nutting, 
Bessie  Holyoke, 
Emma  G.  Soule, 
Clara  L.  Terry, 
Sarah  Brinkerhoff, 


HIGH   SCHOOL   GRADUATES 


329 


Louise  M.  Robinson, 
Margarette  B.  Leech, 


Amelia  L.  Curry, 
Ella  M.  Dunn.  ' 


1872 


William  Lognen, 
George  F.  Hine, 
Patrick  Cummins, 
E.  Olin  Kinne, 
Edwin  Nottingham, 
William  S.  Nottingham, 
Albert  B.  Band  all, 
Elwin  D.  Plaisted, 
Henry  F.  Thomsen, 
Helen  A.  Plumb, 
Isabelle  S.  Usenbentz, 
Mary  Arnold, 
Ida  A.  Gilbert, 
Florence  Chidester, 
Fanny  Hopkins, 
Cora  A.  Britton, 
Sara  A.  Barber, 
Olivia  McCann, 
Mary  Murray, 

Emma  M. 


Abby  K.  Keene, 
Jennie  M.  Knapp, 
Mary  A.  Losacker, 
Lizzie  Rogers, 
Rachel  Stearns, 
Margaret  E   Stacey, 
Rebecca  J.  Schemerhorn, 
Mary  A.  Berney, 
Eva  L.  Williams, 
Mira  Kingsley, 
Ella  Cole, 
Anna  Adams, 
Mary  Hayes, 
Ellen  Kennedy, 
Effie  L.  Curtiss, 
Henriette  Clark, 
Emma  H.  Munger, 
Fanny  I.  Noxon. 
Josephine  McKevitte, 
Merrick. 


1873 

The  High  school  course  was  changed  to  a  four  years' 
course,  and  diplomas  were  given  to  these  on  three 
years7  work. 

John  Hunter,  Mary  Logan, 

Fred  L.  Dillaye,  Lillian  Burdick, 

J.  Willis  Candee,  Margaret  F.  Freeland. 


330         HISTORY   OF   THE   SCHOOLS   OF   SYRACUSE 


1874 


William  B.  Harlow, 
Nathan  Jacobson, 
Louis  Marshall, 
Edgar  J.  Mowatt, 
Alfred  T.  Sanford, 
Ada  M.  Beach, 
Mary  A.  Bolway, 
M.  Lizzie  Fairchikl, 
Marilla  Goldstein, 
Margaret  A.  Kelly, 
Bessie  Lowe, 


Agnes  McCann, 
Susie  A.  Paine, 
Helen  M.  Post, 
Ida  A.  Roblin, 
Alice  M.  Bitterly, 
Ella  C.  Stanton, 
Mary  J.  Widger, 
E.  Louise  Wright, 
Clarence  X.  Blowers, 
Leroy  Pharis, 
Will  Stark. 


1875 


Horace  D.  Babcock, 
Maltbie  B.  Babcock, 
William  C.  Bennett, 
A.  Clifford  Mercer, 
Alfred  Wilkinson,  Jr. 
Elizabeth  J.  Bainbridge, 
Adella  L.  Baker, 
Minnie  A.  Barney, 
Ida  B.  Gilbert, 
Ida  M.  Hay, 
Margaret  Hicks, 
Hattie  N.  Holmes, 


Mary  A.  Lally, 
Kittle  Leyden, 
Jennie  R.  Ludington, 
Mary  E.  Morse, 
Anna  J.  Nicholson, 
Emma  F.  Nicholson, 
Rachel  C.  Phillips, 
Catherine  J.  Pickard, 
Mary  Sprole, 
Hattie  J.  Walter, 
Elizabeth  Weigel, 
Amelia  Weiskotten. 


1876 


William  D.  Andrews, 
Daniel  F.  Curtin, 
Rolla  S.  Helmer, 
Frank  L.  Lyman, 
Albert  D.  Soule, 
Edward  S.  Stevens, 


Mary  J.  Emmons, 
Annie  F.  Fitzgerald, 
Catherine  N.  Hall, 
Mary  E.  Peck, 
Alida  B.  Plant, 
Mary  F.  Prendergast, 


HIGH   SCHOOL   GRADUATES  331 

Clarence  E.  Wolcott,  M.  Anna  Robbins 

Margaret  F.  Behan,  Sarah  L.  Roney, 

Ada  A.  Brewster,  Mary  A.  Shannon, 

Clarabel  Childs,  Annie  L.  Walsh, 
Ella  S.  Dales. 

1877 

William  W.  Wilcox,  Elias  S.  Nutting, 

Fred  H.  Howard,  Arthur  Baker, 

Fred  W.  Oswald,  Charles  A.  F.  Thomsen, 

Walter  R.  Bridgeman,  Alice  M.  Wood, 

Henry  W.  Roberts,  Margaret  F.  Shannon, 

Florence  E.  Herrick,  Mary  A.  Sullivan, 

Emma  D.  Seifker,  E.  Eva  Fowler, 

Flora  Cole,  Nellie  F.  Cummings, 

Theresa  F.  Lyons,  Julia  E.  Quigley, 

Lena  Porter,  M.  Gussie  Booth, 

Lottie  E.  Bach,  Cornelia  L.  Crossett, 

Cora  E.  Coleman,  Sophia  E.  Eisner, 

Effie  A.  Didama,  Lucella  R.  Hancock, 

Lizzie  M.  Foster,  Amy  J.  Holmes, 

Grace  A.  Hatfield,  Blanche  M.  S.  McCann, 

Emeline  Kennedy,  Florence  A.  Greenman, 

Lizzie  V.  Soule,  Gertrude  B.  Harlow, 

Mary  B.  Dirigham,  Ella  A.  Wyman, 
Frank  L.  Higgins. 

FIRST  CLASS   OF    1878 

Will.  P.  Barber,  Anna  K.  King, 

Leonard  Bronner,  Adella  A.  Martin, 

William  A.  Hawley,  Nellie  F.  Packard, 

W.  Fred  Mann,  Lizzie  B.  Smith, 

Peter  E.  Sheridan,  Maggie  Smith, 

Samuel  E.  Sprole,  Anna  Whitney, 


332         HISTORY   OF   THE   SCHOOLS   OF   SYRACUSE 

Charlotte  S.  Heim,  Bessie  I.  Allen, 

Emma  E.  Lancaster,  Rosa  I.  Bierhart, 

Anna  Moriarty,  Fanny  Colwell, 

Sarah  M.  Sanderson,  Emma  E.  Everding, 

Maylon  0.  Britton,  Blanche  E.  Weaver, 

Isaac  H.  Crysler,  Mary  H.  Abeel, 

Julius  H.  Lowenthal,  Eva  Ayres, 

Charles  T.  McChesney,  L.  May  Cameron, 

Colin  A.  Spaulding,  Laura  S.  Congdon, 

Ella  N.  Garlick,  Kittie  R.  Fairchild. 

SECOND  CLASS  OF  1878 

Henry  M.  Chase,  Oscar  C.  Kinyon, 

William  A.  Gere,  John  G.  Sharpe, 

Frank  D.  Gott,  Charles  C.  Sherman, 

Joseph  Stolz,  Julia  E.  Carroll, 

Jennie  M.  Gate,  Hattie  L.  Cole, 

Clara  E.  Curry,  J.  Frankie  Driscoll, 

Minnie  I.  Dunford,  Gussie  N.  Fairchild, 

Julia  F.  Farnham,  Minnie  C.  Foster, 

Anna  A.  Holsman,  Susie  E.  Jones, 

Cora  I   Kinyon,  Susie  E.  Parsons, 

Ida  L.  Powers,  Lavillie  F.  Sawyer, 

Mattie  E.  Smith,  Libbie  Sprole, 

Minnie  M.  Stone,  Nellie  F.  Garfield, 

Etta  C.  Gibbs,  Marion  Gott, 

Irene  C.  Hawley,  Jessie  E.  Hayden, 

Elizabeth  W.  Holliger,  Lizzie  Sullivan, 

Mary  L.  Sullivan,  Agnes  M.  Town, 

Alice  L.  Town,  Emma  Woods. 

FIRST  CLASS  OF  1879 

Amy  Campbell,  Ida  Gilger, 

Lizzie  Dunford,  Mamie  L.  Rose, 


HIGH    SCHOOL   GRADUATES  333 

Sara  M.  Maxon,  Abbie  Whalen, 

Hattie  S.  Stevens,  Ethel  Griffin, 

Lutie  Wright,  Emma  Hopper, 

Ada  Harris,  Alfred  0.  Ginty, 

Phebe  Hewlett,  Charles  F.  Sitterly, 

Edwin  M.  Maxon,  Calvin  G.  Stevens, 
Minnie  Clarkson. 

SECOND  CLASS  OF  1879 

William  J.  Ayling,  Burt  Cowles, 

Carlton  Curtiss,  William  Gannon, 

Everard  A.  Hill,  John  H.  Humphries, 

James  E.  Mulheran,  Scott  Owen, 

George  I.  Post,  Jr.,  Lula  Brewster, 

Katie  Dore,  Flora  Hawley, 
Ina  M.  Landgraff,                   •  Ella  M.  Pharis, 

Hattie  Noxon,  Julia  Knight, 

Lola  A.  Salisbury,  Joanna  Savage, 

Tillie  Siefker,  Sarah  Smith, 

Hattie  E.  Stevens,  Lydia  Thomsen, 

Louise  B.  Upton,  Mary  E.  Wolz. 

FIRST  CLASS  OF  1880 

Annie  E.  Bainbndge,  Kittie  C.  Dunn, 

Mary  E.  Duguid,  Celia  Ford, 

Kittie  T.  Dunn,  Annie  Holkins, 

Hattie  G.  Hanmer,  Delia  C.  Mills, 

Frankie  W.  Manchester,  Charles  J.  Markert, 

Lizzie  Miller,  Eva  Parker, 

Carrie  A.  Ormsbee,  Carrie  M.  Eowley, 

Nellie  A.  Eector,  Charles  J.  Walch, 

Ella  B.  Thompson,  Carrie  S.  Young, 
Kittie  L.  Dwyer. 


334         HISTORY   OF   THE   SCHOOLS    OF   SYRACUSE 
SECOND  CLASS  OF  1880 

George  D.  Hammond,  Samuel  Shevelson, 

Charles  J.  Peters,  James  II.  Talbott, 

Frank  G.  Peters,  Samuel  G.  Weiskotten, 

E.  Irving  Rockwell,  Bessie  U.  Hess, 

E.  Josie  Balch,  Kittie  E.  Kinne, 

Lizzie  Carter,  Mamie  A.  Kinne, 

Grace  Collins,  Tracy  A.  Lowe, 

Louise  A.  Gebhart,  Mary  A.  Smith, 

Mary  J.  McLane,  Jennie  S.  Tyler, 

Marion  S.  Morss,  Fannie  L.  Van  Hoesen, 

Frances  S.  Van  Hoesen,  Lizette  F.  Rockwell, 

Edwin  J.  Seagar,  Carrie  C.  Walsh, 
Emma  A.  D.  Lansing. 

FIRST   CLASS   OF  1881 

Joseph  Bondy,  Jesse  L.  Bronner, 

Edward  Cahill,  Edwin  A.  Kingslev, 

Bert  H.  Meads,  Willard  M.  White," 

Carrie  L.  Allis,  Una  A.  Bagg, 

Louie  W.  Chope,  Annie  V.  Dunn, 

Mary  B.  Featherly,  Bertha  Frensdorf, 

Florence  Howe,  Nellie  Jarvis, 

Libbie  Kelly,  Mary  W.  Lincoln, 

Mary  E.  Logan,  Nellie  Lott, 

Mary  Miller,  H.  Delia  Miller, 

Aggie  B.  Morrisey,  Emma  Rauteuberg, 

Lutie  Siefker,  Frances  Whipple. 

SECOND  CLASS  OF  1881 

George  F.  Cole,  Frank  A.  Welch, 

Lucien  B.  Miller,  Fannie  M.  Blye, 

Frank  W.  Padgham,  M.  Octavia  Caven, 

William  J.  Sauter,  Julia  A.  Cummings, 


HIGH    SCHOOL  GRADUATES  335 

Newton  Smith,  Lizzie  E.  Cummings, 

Celia  C.  Hinman,  Florence  M.  Coates. 

Eleanor  F.  Hogan,  Mary  Daly, 

Jessie  L.  Miller,  Maggie  Eustace, 

Bettie  Marshall,  Ida  E.  Goldman, 

Sarah  I.  Murray,  Euretta  Patterson, 

May  Laura  Rae,  Jennie  M.  Smith, 

Rachel  M.  Rosenthal,  Aggie  L.  Tubbert, 

Louisa  F.  Sax,  Lula  J.  Wallace, 

Florence  C.  Seely,  Grace  E.  Willey, 

Hattie  I.  Shultz. 

FIRST  CLASS  OF  1882 

Robert  H.  Jones,  Adolph  G.  Velasko, 

Clarence  A.  Lonergon,  Honora  A.  Dun  ford, 

Bertha  M.  Bannister,  Nelle  Ford, 

Lillian  S.  Barnes,  Alice  E.  Lavington, 

Julia  R.  Bresnihan,  Clara  Marshall, 

Louise  Brooks,  Mamie  B.  Maynard, 

Alice  E.  Coykendall,  Carrie  L.  Rose, 

Carrie  H.  Crawford,  Minnie  E.  Smith, 

Mary  T.  Delaney,  Fannie  V.  Sprole, 
Samuel  D.  Solomon. 

SECOND  CLASS  OF  1882 

George  E.  Chapman,  George  M.  Price, 

Louis  M.  Howe,  Theodore  K.   Wilkinson, 

William  H.  May,  Mary  Ren  a  Harrison, 

Mary  D.  Allis,  Mary  Hungerford, 

Adelaide  R.  Bayette,  Etta  Marie  Kittell, 

Lizzie  S.  Bridgeford,  Emma  Genevieve  Lang, 

Lizzie  A.  Chope,  Nellie  G.  Norton, 

Maude  Durston,  Nellie  Lucille  Randall, 


336 


HISTORY    OF   THE    SCHOOLS    OF    SYRACUSE 


Lottie  Irene  Earll, 
Dora  Ettelson, 
Marie  L.  Flach, 
Kate  Louise  Fry, 
Arabella  W.  Cowles, 


Katie  C.  Rogers, 
Mary  Sharp, 
Frankie  E.  Slattery, 
Nettie  A.  Tomlinson, 
Emma  A.  Freeland, 


FIST  CLASS  OF  1883 


Clara  Adell  Armstrong, 
Minnie  J.  Bidwell, 
Lillie  C.  Carroll, 
Julia  M.  Conroy, 
Annie  F.  Dee, 
Minnie  E.  Duffy, 
Grace   Greenwood    Free- 
man, 

Lizzie  M.  Gannon, 
Jennie  K.  Griffin, 
Cora  Adella  Harrington, 
Alice  H.  Holliday, 


Anna  M.  Hopstein, 
Clara  Persis  Knapp. 
Nellie  C.  Leo, 
Lulu  Frances  Leyden, 
Anna  Cora  Mayo, 
Phoebe  Alice  Sanderson, 
Carrie  E.  Sawyer, 
Margaret  K.  Schneider, 
Fanny  Sharpe, 
Nellie  Sloan, 
Carleton  A.  Chase, 
Dominick  A.  Raiferty. 


SECOND  CLASS  OF  1883 


Yetta  Estelle  Bondy, 
Kate  A.  Crawford, 
May  E.  Duncan, 
Abbie  Madalene  Isaacs, 
Clara  Searing  King, 
Minnie  Louise  Overacker, 
Anna  Rose  Shevelson, 
Katie  Smith, 
Addie  Belle  Talbot, 
William  Hurd  Miller, 


James  Park  Becker, 
Ambrose  Chas.  Driscoll, 
Benjamin  F.  Hammond, 
Charles  Bryant  Johnson, 
Charles  Francis  McFall, 
John  Earl  May, 
James  Francis  Michel, 
Edward  L.  Miller, 
Irving  Franklyn  Baxter, 
HartmannL.  Oberlander. 


FIRST  CLASS  OF   1884 

Mattie  E.  Arnold,  M.  Louise  Baum, 

Mamie  T.  Bierhart,  Geneva  M.  Brand, 


HIGH    SCHOOL   GRADUATES  337 

Cora  May  Bell,  Bertha  E.  Curtis, 

Frankie  Gregg,  Louise  L.  Hunt, 

Kittie  Williams,  Delia  T.  Keefe, 

Pearl  Sibson,  Clara  Smith, 

Minnie  T.  Thorne,  John  D.  Fogarty, 

Wilber  G.  Jones,  Frank  J.  Schnauber, 

Benjamin  Stolz,  Carl  G.  White. 

SECOND  CLASS  OF  1884 

George  L.  Ammerman,  Thomas  B.  Fitch, 

Frank  B.  Harris,  Frank  H.  McChesney, 

Nellie  L.  Auer,  Jessie  M.  Bagg, 

Susie  M.  Baker,  Adeline  H.  Barnes, 

Kittie  L.  Bierhart,  Wilda  Chapman, 

Ellen  A.  Dunn,  Lucy  Ford, 

May  Giddings,  Jennie  T.  Kappesser, 

Delia  C.  Keehner,  Leila  M.  Kennedy, 

George  M.  McChesney,  Mamie  McDonald, 

Minda  Morrison,  Julia  R.  Murray, 

Charlotte  C.  Palmer,  Delia  Rosenthal, 

Carrie  B.  Salmon,  Rachel  Shevelson, 

Ruby  A.  Webb,  Grace  C.  Williams, 

George  W.  Standen,  Mary  E.  Abbott. 

FIRST  CLASS  OF  1885 

Anna  L.  Barton,  Kate  L.  Clark, 

Ida  M.  Cooley,  Lizzie  S.  Emens, 

Etta  Levi,  Katherine  F.  Murray, 

Nera  Power,  Louisa  Smith, 

Julia  W.  Stephens,  Anna  P.  Terry, 

Horace  W.  Britcher,  Morris  W.  Chase, 

William  B.  Crowley,  Simon  L.  Eisner, 

Bert  R.  Hall,  William  Jenney, 


338        HISTORY   OF  THE   SCHOOLS   OF   SYRACUSE 

Arthur  E.  Parsons,  Charles  P.  Lynch, 

Herman  W.  Tamkin,  Oscar  R.  Whitford, 
John  Wilkinson. 

SECOND  CLASS  OF  1885 

Charles  S.  Chesebrough,  Charles  A.  Gwynn, 

Nelson  P.  Snow,  Noble  E.  Whitford, 

Thomas  Turnbull,  Jr.,  William  H.  Nicholson, 

Annie  H.  Agan,  Mary  A.  Bagg, 

Louis  Barnes,  May  L.  Cuyler, 

Minnie  Davis,  Maggie  F.  Delany, 

M.  Louise  Dennison,  Louise  Ford, 

Minnie  H.  Freeoff,  Louisa  B.  Gere, 

Clara  E.  Greenley,  Kittie  Lewis, 

Julia  A.  Levy,  Carrie  B.  Mills, 

Ellen  Murray,  Martha  M.  Schultze, 

Florence  A.  Sherwood,  Mollie  Willett, 

Josephine  Williams,  Florence  A.  Wright. 

FIRST  CLASS  OF  1886 

Charles  F.  Diel,  Nellie  R.  Bainbridge, 

George  Henry  Williamson,  Una  E.  Bierhart, 

Edward  Ashley  Gray,  Marie  Louise  Denison, 

Julia  Isabel  Lamphier,  Clara  Daisy  Sanford, 

Nellie  Augusta  Carroll,  Clara  Levy, 

Clara  Loomis  Skiff,  Libbie  C.  Markell, 

Elizabeth  K.  Loos,  Hattie  Jacobson, 

Nellie  A.  Rellis,  Lydia  A.  Prudhon, 

Theresa  Gutstadt,  Ida  Marshall, 

Mary  Eva  Gannett,  Cora  Schoener, 

Jessie  Leona  Hollenbeck,  Frances  Eva  Worden, 

Mary  Zella  Andrews,  Mamie  Leary, 

Lucy  S.  Bainbridge,  E.  Belle  Livermore, 
Minnie  L.  Crow. 


HIGH    SCHOOL   GRADUATES 


339 


SECOND  CLASS  OF  1886 


D.  Bruce  Kennedy, 
Philip  D.  Schuyler, 
Mitchell  C.  Harrison, 
Theodore  A.  Foster, 
John  C.  Shoudy, 
Louis  Gould, 
Etta  H.  Avery, 
Ella  H.  Cook, 
Aggie  May  Gannett, 
Ada  A.  Knapp, 

Lillian  V. 


Hannah  R.  Richford, 
Mary  A.  O'Brien, 
Nellie  A.  Ryan, 
Augusta  C.  Baumgrass, 
Hattie  L.  Stackhouse, 
Grace  D.  Clarke, 
Florence  A.  Larrabee, 
Grace  L.  Duncan, 
Mamie  Smith, 
Clara  M.  Sweet, 
Moser. 


FIRST  CLASS  OF   1887 


Curtis  Niles  Andrews. 
Blanche  Beatrice  Bannan, 
Florence  Adah  Barton, 
Rosemary  Baum, 
Estelle  Grace  Britton, 
Sarah  Porter  Brown, 
Annabel  Brumelkamp, 
Marcia  Aurilla  Carpenter, 
Walter  Barnes  Cherry, 
Florence  Belle  Collins, 
Sara  Isabel  Cummins, 
Elizabeth  Grace  Dowling, 
Alveretta  Falvey, 


Mary  Ellen  Gere, 
Gates  Hamburger, 
Mary  Abigail  Ingham, 
Elizabeth  Louise  Kieffer, 
Frank  Land, 

Mary  Elizabeth  McGowan 
Annie  McMahon, 
Mary  Moyer, 
Richard  J.  O'Donnell, 
Mary  Sophia  Pitkin, 
Nina  Louise  Sawyer, 
Lulu  Marie  Tickner, 
Minnie  Elizabeth  Wescott 


Brinna  Finkelstein. 


SECOND  CLASS   OF  1887 

Edward  S.  Allis, 
Kate  L.  Abbott, 
Nellie  L.  Abbott, 


Harriet  B.  Hopkins, 
Harriet  A.  Humbert, 
Myra  I.  Husted, 


340          HISTORY   OF   THE   SCHOOLS   OF   SYRACUSE 

Theresa  L.  Bannan,  H.  Howell  Kennedy, 

Mary  A.  Boggs,  Louis  P.  Lang, 

Evalyn  Boldry  Anna  A.  Lynch, 

Ellen  J.  Casey,  Anna  L.  Mack, 

Blanche  H.  Colman,  Ina  Mercer, 

Julia  M.  Cook,  Eleanor  L.  Orr, 

Hiram  B.  Danziger,  Cora  M.  Pierce, 

Eleanor  V.  Delaney,  John  W.  Plant, 

Rose  M.  Delaney,  Bertha  S.  Sawyer, 

Emma  A.  Eisner,  Jennie  V.  Sheldon, 

Anna  P.  Ferris,  Sarah  Silverstein, 

Grace  L.  Ferris,  Louie  V.  Snell, 

Genevra  Gwynn,  John  E.  Sullivan, 

Martha  N.  Hayden,  Anna  F.  Warner, 

Lillian  M.  Heath,  Nina  Weston, 

Laura  E.  Hickok,  Jessie  A.  Williams, 
Mary  L.  Wood. 

FIRST  CLASS  OF  1888 

Frank  Ludington  Ames,  Bridget  Agnes  Lynch, 
Herman  J.  Bierhart,  Jr.,         Mary  Stanley, 

Edmund  L.  French,  Emma  Carrie  Woese, 
Frederick  Charles  Baird,         Eugene  Fritz  McKinley, 

Edward  Howard  Dann,  Jeremiah  H.  Sullivan, 

Clarence  Leslie  Hewitt,  Mary  Chapman  Bennett, 

Edwin  Phillips  Lyman,  Mary  Francesca  Breen, 

Beardsley  N.  Sperry,  Amelia  Raymond  Hough, 

Ethel  Clara  Berry.  Hattie  Lesser, 

Isadore  Adell  Blanden,  Margaret  V.  Rogers, 

Etta  Ettelson,  Mollie  Trowbridge, 

Grace  Whitney  Leslie.  Jessie  ^Eolia  Whyborn. 

SECOND  CLASS  OF  1888 

George  Morgan  Bacon,  Bridget  A.  Dewan, 

Charles  R.  Bardeen,  Jennie  Dietz, 


HIGH    SCHOOL   GRADUATES  341 

William  E.  Beeman,  Mamie  F.  Dwyer, 

Theodore  W.  Clark,  Margaret  E.  Evans, 

George  N.  Cooper,  May  Fayle, 

George  T.  Head,  Minnie  M.  Gothier, 

John  J.  McCarthy,  Rose  M.  Hall, 

Elliot  Judd  Northrup,  Hattie  C.  Hedden, 

Philip  F.  Schneider,  Alvia  Horton, 

William  M.  Shirley,  Grace  M.  Howe, 

William  H.  Smith,  Matie  A.  Keehner, 

Joseph  C.  Walier,  Anna  L.  Mackey, 

Charles  F.  Wiley,  Edith  Palmer, 

Etta  Bolger,  Lydia  Reiss, 

Myrtie  E.  Brewster,  Bertha  Schott, 

Nina  Burpee,  Gail  Sherman, 

Edith  Cornwell,  Bertha  E.  Steiger, 

Emma  Davey,  M.  Hattie  Tanguay, 

Mamie  E.  DeLano,  Minnie  Traugott. 

FIRST  CLASS  OF  1889 

Carl  Bacon,  Belle  L.  Dicks, 

D.  A.  Blum,  May  Earll, 

James  L.  Brewer,  Eva  L.  Everingham, 

E.  C.  Britcher,  Jessie  Fish, 
Raymond  E.  Clapp,  Agnes  Ford, 
John  H.  Cook,  Sarah  L.  Hanley, 
C.  Arthur  Church,  Florence  Hanna, 
Peter  Drum,  Margaret  L.  Hollister, 
George  J.  Dunham,  Jennie  L.  Hopkins, 
Hiram  W.  Eastman,  Marguerite  E.  Kelly, 
William  P.  Graham,  Eva  King, 

Willard  A.  Hirsch,  Mabel  A.  Potter, 

Robert  E.  Keeler,  Josie  L.  Reddy, 

Frank  J.  Miller,  Mary  Ryan, 

Clarence  Perry,  Josie  Sager, 


HISTORY    OF   THE   SCHOOLS   OF   SYRACUSE 


Katharine  Allis, 
Emma  Alvord, 
Sophia  Bloom, 
Lizzie  Brassel, 
Nellie  W.  Buckley, 
Laura  M.  Buss, 


Frances  Schillinger, 
Mabel  Stone, 
Grace  G.  Truair, 
Grace  H.  Webb, 
M.  Louise  Whedon, 
Josephine  Wilkins, 


Mabelle  A.  Clark. 


SECOND  CLASS  OF  1889 


William  J.  Gere, 
Louis  W.  Hall, 
Bert  E.  Larkin, 
J.  Burnett  Nash, 
William  Eubin, 
Daniel  F.  Salmon, 
B.  Robinson  Schenck, 
Harry  Silverstein, 
Lorin  A.  Swarthout,  Jr., 
Ernest  I.  White, 
Florence  J.  Beecler, 
Nellie  M.  Behan, 
Hattie  J.  Caldwell, 
Ida  V.  Cassidy, 
Flora  B.  Collins, 
Stella  Danziger, 
Lulu  A.  Day, 
Lillian  DeLong, 
Libbie  E.  Dills, 
Allen  G.  Tripp, 


Helene  Dixson, 
Jessie  Grant, 
Gratia  Gwynn, 
Margaret  Hayden, 
Julia  V.  Helmer, 
Julia  Latterner, 
Minnie  Lenehan, 
Mary  Louise  Leonard, 
Anna  D.  Mara, 
Mary  Pharis, 
Blossom  Rill, 
Mary  E.  Ryan, 
Elizabeth  Schneider, 
Lizzie  Sedgwick, 
Charlotte  S.  Stone, 
Daisy  Tallman, 
Edith  Truair, 
Cornelia  White, 
Aggie  Wood, 
William  Wheatley,  Jr. 


FIRST  CLASS  OF  1890 


George  W.  Barnes, 
Charles  W.  Beadel, 


Agnes  D.  Mulheran, 
Mary  G.  O'Donnell, 


HIGH    SCHOOL    GRADUATES 


343 


George  H.  Bond, 
Harry  Brill. 
Irving  M.  Bronner, 
A.  H.  Cowie, 
J.  Alfred  Diel, 
Henry  E.  Dills, 
Fred  J.  Haynes, 
W.  J.  Leslie, 
F.  S.  Lighthall, 
J.  R.  McGowan, 
Daniel  Pratt, 
Eva  C.  Earll, 
Mary  E.  Gallavin, 
Lillian  F.  Hamilton, 
Jennie  Gray  Harrington, 
Clementine  Heifer, 
May  McCulloch, 
Elizabeth  J.  Morris, 
Sadie  J.  Moulter, 


Anna  Pakelnisky, 
Carrie  E.  Parshall, 
Sallie  Pratt, 
Ed.  J.  Reddington, 
George  0.  Reddington, 
Adna  W.  Risley, 
Frank  A.  Rosenthal, 
Bert  E.  Salisbury, 
Ed.  S.  Van  Duyn, 
Addie  L.  Clark, 
Dena  B.  Draper, 
Emma  Ryan, 
Mabel  D.  Searl, 
Carrie  Schuyler, 
Augusta  Smith, 
Bertha  Stripple, 
Tassie  Sullivan, 
Mary  E.  Tobin, 
Lena  F.  Weisburg. 


SECOND  CLASS  OF  1890 


Harry  T.  Babcock, 
William  B.  Chase, 
Fayette  K.  Congdon, 
Mansfield  J.  French, 
Clarence  N.  Goodwin, 
Harry  Neal  Hyde, 
William  Lester, 
Frank  W.  Noxon, 
Minnie  E.  Curtis, 
Gertrude  R.  Danziger, 
Madge  B.  Dietz, 
Anna  F.  Erwin, 


Rebecca  Amdursky, 
Pearl  E.  Belding, 
Nellie  Brennan, 
Emma  Elizabeth  Brown, 
Jennie  B.  Chope, 
Maud  S.  Coan, 
Mary  A.  Collins, 
Jennie  S.  Cook, 
Sarah  Crabtree, 
Nellie  J.  Gifford, 
Emily  J.  Goulding, 
Mary  Estelle  Hamson, 


344 


HISTORY   OF  THE   SCHOOLS   OF   SYRACUSE 


Anna  Fahey, 
Grace  M.  Featherly, 
Jennie  Gebhart, 
Lucie  A.  Genzel, 
William  F.  Rafferty, 
Charles  W.  Reussow, 
J.  W.  Stevens, 
John  G.  Truair, 
Waldo  Weston, 
George  M.  White, 
Belle  Adams, 

Florence  E. 


Milicent  A.  Hinkley, 
Victoria  M.  Kemter, 
Edith  M.  Lawrence, 
Ella  Leary, 
Edith  M.  Lyon, 
Lena  I.  Manson, 
Katherine  Packard, 
Ida  Rosman, 
Rachel  Solomon, 
Katherine  S.  Throop, 
Irene  M.  Timmons, 
Trowbridge. 


FIRST  CLASS  OF   1891 


George  E.  Boschert, 
Charles  J.  Brown, 
Thomas  U.  Chesebrough, 
Henry  J.  Clark, 
John  T.  DeLaney, 
James  F.  Foley, 
Edward  H.  Hungerford, 
Henry  Philip  James, 
Frank  B.  Lord, 
Samuel  Pakelnishky, 
Ludlow  H.  Smith, 
S.  Holt  Starin, 
Walter  R.  Stone, 
Carrie  E.  Allen, 
Nora  Francis  Dillon, 
Anna  E.  Gardner, 
Florence  L.  Grumbach, 
Mary  Louise  Hubbard, 
Maud  Kinsley, 
E.  Maud  Lewis, 


Katherine  L.  O'Keefe, 
Alice  Meade  Palmer, 
Ella  Passmore, 
Mary  L.  Pendergast, 
Lucy  M.  Plumb, 
Carrie  E.  Anderson, 
Mary  E.  S.  Babcock, 
Bertha  Foote  Bardeen, 
Carrie  E.  Beeler, 
Mabel  E.  Boomer, 
Emma  A.  Borgwardt 
Lulu  Adelle  Bunnell, 
Kate  A.  Concannon, 
Joanna  Cotter, 
Mabel  DeLong, 
Anna  McCullock  Rich, 
Carrie  A.  Ritter, 
Lena  Rogers, 
Charlotte  F.  Ross, 
Mary  E.  Salmon, 


HIGH   SCHOOL   GRADUATES 


345 


May  Lindemer, 
Alta  May  Matteson, 
Mary  Libbie  McConnell, 
Clara  Grace  McKinstry, 


Fannie  M.  Sherwood, 
A.  Lillian  M.  Smith, 
Ada  L.  Sunderlin, 
Eva  M.  Yorker, 


Coletta  0.  Young. 


SECOND  CLASS  OF   1891 


Louise  C.  Adams, 
Mabel  Kurd, 
Clara  K.  Harth, 
Henrietta  E.  Blanden, 
Agnes  E.  Cahill, 
Cora  T.  Danziger, 
Emma  A.  Davis, 
Theresa  L.  DeForest, 
Leila  B.  Durston, 
Adella  C.  Farrington, 
Lizzie  F.  Foley, 
Carrie  L.  Ford, 
Agnes  C.  Gannon, 
Laura  A.  Herzog, 
Ada  E.  Humbert, 
Florence  A.  Huntley, 
Nellie  Joy, 
Lillian  Judson, 
Laura  D.  Kaufman, 
Marion  Kinsley, 
Eva  D.  Levy, 
Estelle  L.  McCoy, 
Tillie  Miller, 
May  Moore, 
Kittie  A.  Nicholson, 
Bessie  Parsons, 


Theresa  W.  Sharkey, 
Leora  E.  Sherwood, 
Grace  L.  Spoor, 
Harriet  B.  VanDenburg, 
Kittie  A.  Walsh, 
Gertrude  E.  Weller, 
Edward  Blum, 
John  J.  Buettner, 
Peter  B.  Cole, 
William  J.  Gushing, 
William  B.  Dow, 
Samuel  I.  Ferguson, 
Fred  W.  Hammond, 
Don  A.  Hollister, 
Haswell  C.  Jeffery, 
Edward  H.  Kraus, 
Milton  M.  Leiter, 
David  R.  Leslie, 
Michael  M.  Lucid, 
Howard  C.  Mills, 
Edwin  B.  Mott, 
Edward  K.  Mundy, 
John  A.  Nichols, 
David  W.  Nicholson, 
Edwin  W.  Parsons, 
Fred  T.  Pierson, 


346          HISTORY   OF  THE   SCHOOLS   OF   SYRACUSE 

Katharine  E.  Peabody,  Joseph  C.  Seiter, 

Minnie  A.  Quinlan,  George  A.  Smith, 

Sarah  R.  Rogers,  Joseph  P.  Tebeau, 
J.    Henry   Walters. 

FIRST  CLASS  OF  1892 

Carrie  Amiable,  Susie  Over, 

Agnes  Behan,  Estella  E.  Padgham, 

Kittie  E.  Brogan,  Helen  Potter, 

Mary  L.  .Caldwell,  Minnie  A.  Strauss, 

May  Candee,  Georgia  Wilson, 

Julia  E.  Church,  Katie  M.  Zimmer, 

Julia  A.  Eagan,  George  S.  A  very, 

Lena  Frazier,  George  B.  Beach, 

Beulah  S.  Gaylord,  John  W.  Church, 

Hattie  E.  Gould,  Chester  Clark, 

Nellie  I.  Grant,  Joseph  Feinberg, 

Grace  M.  Green,  William  E.  Hewitt, 

Minnie  Hogan,  Theodore  Kieffer, 

Cora  E.  Kennedy,  John  S.  Lewis, 

Margaret  G.  Kimball,  Elisha  J.  D.  Melhinch, 

Mamie  E.  Lynch,  Fred  Morgan, 

Ada  L.  Manchester,  Peter  Schlosser, 

Carrie  Manson,  Max  Umbrecht, 

Louise  A.  McClure,  Irving  D.  Vann, 

Mary  Munro,  Henry  G.  White. 

SECOND  CLASS  OF  1892 

Moses  Altman,  Blanche  Gillette, 

Charles  A.  Comerford,  D.  May  Goodrich, 

Will  L.  Day,  Alice  R.  Graves, 

J.  David  Enright,  Edith  B.  Hall, 

George  A.  Hanford,  Ida  W.  Harth, 


HIGH    SCHOOL   GRADUATES 


347 


James  L.  Herrick, 
Clinton  L.  Hodges, 
Marx  L.  Holstein, 
Charles  W.  Kelly, 
Clarence  D.  Kingley, 
Charles  A.  Mack, 
Frank  E.  Miller, 
Harvey  W.  Miller, 
Maurice  Pakelnishky, 
Darwin  F.  Pickard, 
Elmer  J.  Scott, 
G.  Frank  Tyrrell, 
Edwin  T.  Whiffin, 
Charles  E.  White, 
Fred  B.  Wilbur, 
Earll  W.  Wilson, 
George  Zahm, 
Bertha  Ackerman, 
Rose  Ackerman, 
Gertrude  L.  Andrews. 
Eola  Bagg. 
Nellie  A.  Baird, 
Grace  E.  Bell, 
Nina  M.  Boynton, 
Clara  E.  Brockway, 
Charis  L.  Carroll, 
Eloise  S.  Cool, 
Carrie  L.  Crysler, 
Elizabeth  S.  Dixson, 
Mary  S.  Ecker, 
Satie  Frensdorf, 
Kittle  B.  Gallavin, 

Louise  V. 


Cornelia  B.  Haynes, 
Cora  E.  Haywood, 
Fredericka  B.  Homer, 
Mary  F.  Johnson, 
Clara  M.  Jones, 
Libbie  Keeffe, 
Margarite  E.  Lodge, 
Mary  E.  Lonergon, 
Louise  Maloney, 
Marian  McAllister, 
Mabel  M.  McClure, 
Maggie  McGraw, 
Carlotte  J.  Mitchell, 
Edna  A.  Myers, 
Grace  D.  Newton, 
Edith  M.  Packard, 
Lillie  Ransom, 
Hattie  Rashkower, 
Besse  Byan, 

Josephine   F.    Shanahan, 
Mabel  C.  Stackhouse, 
Lena  E.  Tappan, 
Margaret  E.  Telford, 
Leah  Tallman, 
Sura  Tumin, 
Ethel  C.  Ward, 
Kate  E.  Warner, 
Rose  B.  Webb, 
Alice  Weston, 
May  Wheatley, 
Bessie  M.  Willard, 
Mabel  L.  Willard, 
Winfield. 


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DUE  AS  STAMPED  BELOW 


NOV  1  Z  2003 


DD20  15M  4-02 


/    /  LJ 


^/fe57 


114937 


